高校社团育人机制的跨文化研究——对中美高校社团的比较分析

中美高校都十分重视学生社团工作,但两国高校社团在与社会的联系程度、社团活动经费的筹集与充裕度、社团经费管理制度方面存在差异。因此,我们要完善政策体系,构建高校社团育人机制政策平台;加强组织领导,健全高校学生社团管理制度;加大资金投入,保证高校社团育人机制良好运行;增强相互交流,强化高校社团育人功能。     

印尼华人的民族权利与华文教育问题

2006年7月,印度尼西亚国会通过的争议多年的新<国籍法>,取消了已存在半个多世纪的在印尼国籍问题上带有族群歧视性的条款.新<国籍法>不仅为包括华人在内的印尼外来族群获得平等的生存权利提供了法律上的保障,而且也为印尼华文教育的发展带来了新的曙光.本文试从印尼华人民族权利的角度出发,分析探讨印尼华文教育多样性发展的可能前景,希冀能够抛砖引玉,引发更多关于印尼华文教育可持续发展的思考和讨论.     

中国与越南会计改革比较研究

会计的改革与发展始终依赖于经济环境的变化.中国与越南部是由计划经济转向市场经济的发展中国家,然而,两国的会计改革既存在许多共同点,也在国际化策略、整体规划等方面存在差异.通过总结和比较两国会计改革的历程,可得到以下有益启示:会计改革既要向国际化趋同,积极参与国际会计准则的制定,又要结合本国国情进行会计改革,同时加强新会计准则的执行监督机制.     

明治时期日本政治精英的中国观——以原敬为中心

日本近代政党政治家原敬(1856—1921)的中国观具有典型的时代烙印,即"适时适机"地从中国牟取利权。同时,原敬的中国观亦有其独特的思维模式和见解:"对清政略即对欧政略,对欧政略即护国政略。"另一方面,原敬在这一时期已经将目光更多地转向日本资本主义在中国的经济利益。从重视经济利益和国际竞争的角度出发,原敬认为日本在外交上不能采取强硬的举措,要注意和中国官民"友好相处",在中国维持一种对日本而言比较和平的氛围。     

绿色税收:欧盟经验与东北之鉴

作为对外部性予以纠正的公共政策方式,绿色税收能够引导节约资源、合理利用环境、提高社会福利。德国、荷兰等欧盟国家在推动社会资源优化配置过程中,关注各方面利益的相互均衡,促进社会效率与公平协调发展;与此相适应,课税理念也得到了调整,并以税收制度变迁进一步推动了社会和谐发展。这些对中国东北地区经济转型都具有借鉴意义。     

朝鲜对中国的经济依存度分析

朝鲜实施的是计划经济体制,对外贸易在其经济发展中只处于拾遗补缺的地位,外贸依存度很低。但就其对外贸易本身来讲,对于中国、韩国的依存度却非常高。尤其在战略物资和外援方面严重依赖于中国。由于朝鲜对于改革开放存在很深的疑虑,估计短期内在经济改革方面不会有突破性的进展。因此在今后较长的一个时期内,无论在对外贸易方面,还是在外来援助方面,都将严重依赖于中国。     

试析律师的专家责任

律师专家责任是因律师的过错给委托人或利益相关第三人的合法权益造成损失,由律师所属执业机构依法承担,以赔偿损失为主的民事侵权责任。在认定责任时,应以客观标准为原则,同时视具体情况辅之以主观标准,以增强灵活性,更适应复杂多样的民事活动。     

法人名称权法律性质研究——基于私权二分法的角度

依权利客体与人格之关系不同,私权分为人身权与财产权。当人格权客体由人身“降格”为身外之“物”时,其上成立财产权,得为让与之标的。因此于法人名称之上可以成立二种不同权利,当名称为人身之一部时,其上成立法人名称权;当名称为身外之“物”时,其上成立无体财产权。故“混合权利说”应予抛弃,关于法人名称权定性的其他学说亦有失偏颇。     

Institutions and Economic Performance: The Use and Abuse of Culture in New Institutional Economics

Important research programs within New Institutional Economics advance culturalist arguments to explain failures of economic development. Focusing on the work of Douglass C. North and Avner Greif, this article argues that such arguments rely on an essentialist conception of culture that is both historically inaccurate and analytically misleading. Greif’s work in particular rests on a selective use of empirical data that ultimately distorts the deductive models that are at the core of his work. As a result, both scholars use culture to account for outcomes that are more adequately explained as the product of social conflict and political struggles—struggles in which culture plays a far more contingent and destabilizing role than the one they attribute to it. What is needed, I argue, is to link arguments about the persistence of inefficient institutions with a sociologically informed conception of culture as an ensemble of resources that enhance rather than constrain the scope of individual agency. To come to terms with the effects of culture on institutional formation and change it is necessary to replace the essentialism articulated by North and Greif with a strategic-instrumentalist view in which culture is compatible with a wide spectrum of economic behaviors, individual actions, and thus institutional trajectories.

Institutions and Caribbean Economic Performance: Insights from Jamaica

We explore the impact of social institutions on economic performance in Jamaica through a reinterpretation of the plantation economic model. In its original form, the plantation model fails to develop a causal link between the plantation legacy and persistent underdevelopment. Despite its marginalization, the model remains useful for discussions on growth and development. Consequently, we offer a reappraisal using the causal insights from Kenneth Sokoloff and Stanley Engerman. We use two examples to demonstrate how inequality encourages the formation of institutions that are inconsistent with growth, and an empirical analysis to confirm the hypothesized relationship between inequality, institutions, and economic development. Since inequality is expected to influence growth indirectly, we use a structural specification, which follows William Easterly’s recent test of Sokoloff and Engerman’s argument. Our reliance on a time-series specification is unique. We demonstrate that the expectation that, on average, inequality and growth is negatively related and that institutions may compromise growth are accurate for Jamaica, the most cited Caribbean nation in the current discourse. Our results carry several policy implications, including support for the recent calls in Jamaica for political restructuring. However, both the paucity of similar studies and the importance of the implications for sustainable growth and development demand further analyses.