政府绩效评价与绩效审计差异比较

政府绩效评价与绩效审计都是对政府管理行为成效和结果的一种反馈机制。由于绩效评价与绩效审计的职能定位不同,二者在评价的目的、主体、内容和重点、程序与方法等方面存在明显差异。本文主要通过两者差异的比较,揭示政府绩效评价与绩效审计的不同特点。     

乡镇政府资源配置中的“差序格局”及其运作逻辑

乡村政治场域的资源配置有其独特性,从方式上而言,很多资源的配置既不通过价格也不通过权力运作,而是通过建立在人际关系之上的交换来实现。处于乡土社会中的乡镇干部,依然遵循了上述资源配置逻辑,通过运作“关系”获取利益,并形成类似费孝通式的“差序格局”,其运作逻辑在乡镇干部的寻求庇护行为、选择性行政以及“拉关系”争资跑项行为中得到了生动体现。     

转型期我国中产阶层治安需求及应对路径研究

社会稳定是社会各阶层成员的共同希望,也是国家发展的基石。中产阶层的形成是历史的必然,是社会分层的产物。是政治稳定的保证。作为一个特殊的阶层,中产阶层对公共治安有着独特的需求,同时也对国家公共治安政策产生一定的影响。基于此,政府也需要做出相对的回应：通过制度化建设来回应;通过政府的治安政策制度来回应;通过政府的体系创新设计来回应,以满足中产阶层的诉求,更好地维护社会的稳定和谐。     

对清末民初中国宪政理念转型的分析

清末民初的宪政理念,历经由改良主义到君主立宪、再由君主立宪到民主立宪的转化历程,达到了近代宪政的高潮,为近代中国权利理念的转化奠定了基础。但是,近代中国的宪政建设,始终面临神、俗两界的尴尬。帝制崩溃,共和未能真立,表明近代中国不具备宪法运行的社会环境。中国近代宪政建设的特别之处在于,它发生在东西文化碰撞这一历史大背景之下,接受西方宪政模式的引领,进行宪法移植,并大搞宪政建设,而本国固有的人生态度、生活模式等却不匹配,以至宪法只能保持其神圣性价值,无法在世俗中运行,其理论功能无法转化为"法在行动中",徒具空文而已。     

政府采购物业管理服务创新研究

物业管理服务是由物业服务企业提供的对房屋及配套的设施设备和相关场地进行的维修、养护、管理,维护相关区域内的环境卫生和秩序的活动。随着政府后勤服务的改革,物业管理服务愈来愈被政府机构所认可;伴随着政府采购的深入,物业管理服务也被纳入政府采购之列。全面采购"常规性公共服务",根据需要区别采购物业企业的特约性服务及市场经营性服务,有选择性地采购公众性代办性服务,对于政府资源配置市场化和提高政府财政资金使用效率具有深远的实践意义。     

城市管理转型与城市治理分析框架

在全球化和市场化的推动下,不仅城市外在的形态发生了改变,其内在的权力结构和运行机制也产生了改变。本文选择了从城市权力理论的角度分析城市管理转型。传统的精英论、多元论、城市增长理论强调政府在城市中主导作用,难以解释现代城市的权力转移现象。城市治理理论提出了整合多元主体的思路,注重在多层次治理、跨域治理、治理能力、伙伴关系等方面来分析城市的发展和权力运行。     

Holding parties responsible at election time: Multi-level,multi-party government and electoral accountability

This paper highlights the crucial role played by party-specific responsibility attributions in performance-based voting. Three models of electoral accountability, which make distinct assumptions regarding citizens' ability to attribute responsibility to distinct governing parties, are tested in the challenging Northern Ireland context – an exemplar case of multi-level multi-party government in which expectations of performance based voting are low. The paper demonstrates the operation of party-attribution based electoral accountability, using data from the 2011 Northern Ireland Assembly Election Study. However, the findings are asymmetric: accountability operates in the Protestant/unionist bloc but not in the Catholic/nationalist bloc. This asymmetry may be explained by the absence of clear ethno-national ideological distinctions between the unionist parties (hence providing political space for performance based accountability to operate) but the continued relevance in the nationalist bloc of ethno-national difference (which limits the scope for performance politics). The implications of the findings for our understanding of the role of party-specific responsibility attribution in performance based models of voting, and for our evaluation of the quality of democracy in post-conflict consociational polities, are discussed.     

Comparing blunders in government

Much attention has been paid to government ‘blunders’ and ‘policy disasters’. National political and administrative systems have been frequently blamed for being disproportionately prone to generating mishaps. However, little systematic evidence exists on the record of failures of policies and major public projects in other political systems. Based on a comparative perspective on blunders in government, this article suggests that constitutional features do not play a prominent role. In order to establish this finding, this article (a) develops theory‐driven expectations as to the factors that are said to encourage blunders, (b) devises a systematic framework for the assessment of policy processes and outcomes, and (c) uses fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis to identify sets of causal conditions associated with particular outcomes (i.e., blunders). The article applies this novel approach to a set of particular policy domains, finding that constitutional features are not a contributory factor to blunders in contrast to instrument choice, administrative capacity and hyper‐excited politics.     

事业单位改革的五点思考

事业单位改革是中国改革的重要环节,其影响力和难度不亚于国有企业改革。本文着重围绕推进事业单位改革应考虑的五个方面进行深入探讨,提出了改革的前提是科学分类、支撑是理论构建、重点是体制机制、方法是积极稳妥、保障是法制建设的观点。