双向汲取:社区社会组织的行动路径分析

社会组织是推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要力量。聚焦社会组织行动策略研究,能够更好地揭示外部制度环境制约下的社会组织参与基层社会治理的微观运行机制。运用"制度环境-行动策略-行动目标-行动任务"的分析框架,着重探讨社会组织与基层政府、社区居委会、社区居民之间的复杂互动关系,剖析复杂制度环境下社会组织行为策略选择及其多元化行动路径。S市G组织的个案研究表明,G组织通过"双向汲取"的行动策略能够实现社会组织行政性目标与社会性目标的双重目标达成。由于G组织接受任务的不同行动目标来源以及不同任务之间的相关性程度差异,使得G组织"双向汲取"行动策略呈现出复杂制度结构约束下的多元化行动路径。     

Legitimacy,self-determination,and conditional cooperators

ABSTRACT

This article critically examines the account of collective self-determination and state legitimacy developed by Stilz in her book. Central to this account is the idea that for a state to be legitimate it must reflect the shared will of the people over which it governs. I argue that the normative taxonomy Stilz employs to develop this criterion of legitimacy ignores the possibility of conditional cooperators: groups who are alienated from society due to the injustices they experience but are willing to affirm their participation in state institutions if these injustices are rectified. I then demonstrate that since there are no grounds for discounting the dissent of conditional cooperators, their presence significantly increases the threshold for state legitimacy that follows from Stilz’s theory. As a result, Stilz is forced to abandon her claim that basically just states generally enjoy a qualified ‘right to do wrong’.     

Navigating the dilemmas of politically smart,locally led development: the Pacific-based Green Growth Leaders’ Coalition

Abstract

Iterative approaches to development under banners such as ‘thinking and working politically’ and ‘doing development differently’ build upon decades-old commitments to fostering locally led and -owned development. These approaches are increasingly popular with academics and development practitioners. In this paper we argue that outsiders seeking to deliver locally led, politically smart programmes need to either accept that competing priorities, results and values will work to limit the extent of true local ownership, or be sufficiently committed to true local leadership to accept that this may well cut against organisational imperatives. Using the example of the Pacific-based Green Growth Leaders’ Coalition, we discuss how politically tricky partnerships challenge tenets of local leadership and ownership.     

Environmental Harm or Natural Hazard? Problem Identification and Adaptation in U.S. Municipal Climate Action Plans

A number of cities in the United States have devised climate action plans (CAPs) to mitigate the effects of climate change. However, few of these plans address strategies to adapt to the long term effects of climate change that will occur in the near and distant future. The research presented in this article examines why cities choose to embed adaptation provisions in their CAPs. Our study codes the content of CAPs for all cities (N = 98) in the United States with populations greater than 50,000. We find cities that frame problems associated with climate change in the language of hazards are more likely to include adaptation strategies in their CAPs than cities that focus on other types of environmental harm. Our findings suggest that more robust efforts to plan for climate change will require the activation of communities of interest beyond those that have been instrumental in setting the current climate agenda.     

东南亚恐怖主义的层累构造与演化逻辑

东南亚恐怖主义的形成有其特殊条件,是多种矛盾层累式构造的结果。东南亚各国历史上复杂的政治经济结构、族群社会结构带来的社会矛盾和族群矛盾构成了东南亚恐怖主义的基座。伊斯兰复兴运动衍生的极端伊斯兰意识形态以及基地组织在东南亚的扩散和"演进"成为东南亚恐怖主义成长的关键因素。美国发动的全球反恐战争给穆斯林带来选择困境,爱好和平的穆斯林同样需要抵制西方社会对伊斯兰教"污名化"的侵袭,反而为极端组织的成长提供了生命力。因为情势的不同,东南亚各国的反恐陷入集体行动的困境,固化了层累式构造的矛盾,影响了反恐行动与反恐合作。     

When actions speak louder than words: examining collective political protests in Central Asia

What explains the dynamics of contentious collective political action in post-Soviet Central Asia? How do post-Soviet Central Asian citizens negotiate the tensions between partaking in and abstaining from elite-challenging collective protests? By analysing cross-national attitudes in two Central Asian states, this article (1) systematically analyses the variation in collective protests by testing rival macro-, meso-, and micro-level theories; (2) reintroduces a conceptual and empirical distinction between low-risk and high-risk collective protests; and (3) examines the conditions under which individuals participate in two distinct types of elite-challenging collective actions. Three conclusions are reached. First, the evidence suggests that nuanced consideration of multi-level theoretical perspectives is necessary to explain contingencies of elite-challenging actions. Second, economic grievances and resource mobilization emerge as leading factors driving both low-risk and high-risk protests. Third, Islamic religiosity and social networking robustly predict participation in high-risk collective action.     

论公司法上补充责任的共同诉讼形态——以类似必要共同诉讼为出发点

补充责任的共同诉讼形态一直是理论争议的焦点,而将类似必要共同诉讼合一确定的范围扩及逻辑上有合一确定必要之情形,有助于该问题的解决。类似必要共同诉讼适用范围之扩张,使其不再局限于诉讼标的同一,以既判力扩张为合一确定判断标准的观点也应得到修正。在债权人先单独起诉股东时,因具备逻辑上合一确定之必要而应赋予债权人追加公司参与诉讼的权利。公司、股东作为共同诉讼人,对债权债务这一基础事实所采取的有利诉讼行为及于全体,所有不利诉讼行为仅及于自己。     

以两起案例为视角谈公民行政公益诉讼原告资格

一、案情简介 【案例1】沈某诉浙江省桐乡市国税局行政不作为案： 浙江省桐乡市沈某获悉该市某建材厂存在严重的偷逃税款行为．便署名向当地国税局举报,但过了三四个月也未见对此事查处的结果与回音．沈某遂起诉状告国税局行政不作为。2000年11月21日,桐乡市人民法院一纸裁定“被告桐乡市国税局是否履行税务稽查的行为,既未侵犯原告的利益,也未对原告的权利义务产生实际的影响”驳回沈某起诉。     

论公证邮寄送达催收通知能否发生诉讼时效中断

实践中,债权人通过邮寄的方式,向债务人或者担保人进行邮寄送达催收,并依法给予公证的做法是比较常见的。但是,由于我国现行法律没有对该公证邮寄送达催收通知的法律效力作出较为明确的规定,因此,笔者依据我国现行的法律及其司法解释、结合我国司法实践中两种比较常见的学术观点,适用民事诉讼证据中高度盖然性的证明标准,对公证邮寄送达催收通知能否发生诉讼时效中断的效力问题进行相应论述。     

强奸罪若干新问题研究

强奸罪的犯罪客体包括奸淫幼女的客体都是贞操权而不是幼女的身心健康。强奸罪的客观方面应当随社会生活的变化而变化,包括男性之间的强奸行为、女性之间使用器具的强奸行为、以及女性强制男性实施的性行为等方式。强奸罪与强制猥亵罪区别的关键在于强奸是插入被害人的性器、肛门,而强制猥亵罪是接触被害人的性器、肛门或者女性被害人的乳房。