少数人权利保护的法理述评

少数人权利保护的法理基础包括自由主义、社群主义、自由主义的多元文化主义、宪法爱国主义等。纵观少数人权利保护理论,尊重和认可少数人群体的文化价值、关照少数人在社会结构中的不利地位是共同特点。宪法爱国主义强调,在国家的族际关系整合过程中,要强化国家认同、公民身份认同,推动国家朝着立宪主义方向发展。对我国而言,尊崇宪法地位,以宪法精神凝聚各族群众,以宪法权威捍卫中华民族共同体基础,是少数民族权利保护的重要发展方向。     

我国现行宪法章节名称之由来及评析

＂名＂是一个极其重要的范畴。宪法章节名称是一个不可回避、不容轻视的问题。我国现行宪法的章节名称,主要是对1954年宪法章节名称的继承。1954年宪法的章节名称,在多方面借鉴了前苏联宪法,但也有创造,如＂国家机构＂的章名。现行宪法的章节名称,还有完善的空间。     

宪法的守护者:试论中国宪法法院建构

中国是成文宪法国家,宪法在中国特色社会主义法律体系中居于最高地位,拥有最高效力。但是在现实中,宪法的规范效力往往无法实现,违宪活动时有发生,这与我国缺乏有效的宪法监督机制有关。一般来说,世界上宪法监督机制无非就是司法审查制度、议会监督宪法制度、专门宪法监督机构等三种类型,为了实现宪法监督的实效,各国都选择适合本国国情需要的宪法监督机制。在中国建立何种类型的宪法监督机制一直是学界争议的难题,而在全国人民代表大会下,设立宪法法院,保障宪法实施,是符合当代中国现行体制的最佳选择。     

中国特色社会主义宪法学的哲学基础及其方法论特色

中国特色社会主义宪法学既指改革开放以来产生于中国独特时空背景下的宪法学,同时也指在中国特色社会主义理论体系指导下所进行的宪法学研究。以马克思主义为指导的国家权力来源理论和国家权力关系理论是中国社会主义宪法学理论体系的核心。围绕这一理论核心形成了国家性质与国家形式理论、公民基本权利与义务理论以及宪法运行理论等主干理论。中国宪法学知识体系展开的哲学基础是马克思主义哲学,其历史唯物主义与辩证唯物主义世界观和方法论深刻影响了宪法学的范畴体系、理论容量、方法论取向和学者的理论思维模式。社会科学宪法学的繁盛和宪法解释学的初步发展,是中国特色社会主义宪法学研究的方法特色。     

我国地方税权的确立及其运行机制研究

The local tax rights is not only related to national and social stability,but also conducive to the healthy functioning local government authorities. To devide tax power scientific and normative,it should strive to combine the central right diligently leading with moderate local power. It means the division of tax power should take full account of the power demand and financial expenditure of local governments. To wisely and rationally choose a main local tax category,we should reform and adjust the local s...     

Constitutional Comparisons by A Supranational Court in Flux: The Privy Council and Caribbean Bills of Rights

This article examines how the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council makes constitutional comparisons between ‘related’ constitutions that are or were within its jurisdiction, deploying its own precedents, as a pragmatic method of resolving idiosyncratic questions that arise across multiple constitutions. In particular, it considers the Committee's approach to the longstanding question of the interpretation of the opening section of Caribbean constitutional bills of rights, which has far reaching implications for the scope of constitutional protection of human rights. The JCPC's answer over time to this question reveals the fault lines for this supranational constitutional court as its jurisdiction peters out yet remains. The gaze of comparativism is very harsh as older constitutions are evaluated in light of newer ones and also as fossilised constitutional interpretations presented in earlier JCPC cases where the Committee no longer has jurisdiction are given new life in contemporary cases.     

我国《反分裂国家法》第8条的国际法依据——以国家主权为视角

本文通过对国际法中有关国家主权的规则的列举,结合为维护国家主权独立与领土完整而制定的《中华人民共和国反分裂国家法》第8条的实践进行阐释,详细论证了《反分裂国家法》第8条在国家主权方面的国际法依据;通过对国家主权与反分裂的关系的剖析,说明了规定《反分裂国家法》第8条对维护国家主权与领土完整的显明意义,是中国政府面对“台独”分裂势力挑衅时的必然选择。     

Our Baby,Her Choices: The Need for Enforcement of Gestational Surrogate Contracts

Many women in the Unites States have difficulty getting pregnant or carrying a baby to term. As a result, many couples turn to gestational surrogacy. Surrogacy became public in the United States in the late 1970s. In the mid 1980s, disputes began to arise and are still prevalent today. Courts first attempted to resolve these disputes by looking for public policy guidelines. However, the results were inconsistent. Still today, there is no uniform law. Even in states where surrogate contracts are legal, courts have refused to order specific performance to enforce abortion or reduction provisions. However, courts should not shy away from this. This Note proposes a federal statute mandating that gestational surrogate contracts be enforced thus protecting the rights of intended parents.     

The Paradox of Leviathan: How to Develop and Contain the Future European State?

Using a constitutional political economy perspective, we study the paradox of government (how a limited government can stay limited) and the different ways in which systems of law try to solve it. We then provide a tentative application to a possible European state and assess the relevance of some member countries' constitutional and administrative law, if they were both to develop and to contain this European state.     

议宪法规范的结构

宪法规范不仅在于描述现存的社会状态,而且还在于表达政治理想,并将此理想与现实联系起来。整个宪法规范的体系是一种授权的链条,实体法与程序法只不过是宪法规范意义的具体化。