嗜水气单胞菌Lamp检测方法的建立及应用

基于嗜水气单胞菌气溶素(aerolysin)基因的序列,设计了1套引物,通过条件优化,成功建立了针对致病性嗜水气单胞菌的环媒恒温基因扩增(Lamp)检测法。采用Lamp法对病原菌进行了扩增,并对病鱼血样进行了检测。结果表明,该法只检出致病性嗜水气单胞菌。对不同浓度的细菌悬液扩增结果表明,Lamp检测嗜水气单胞菌的最低菌液浓度为1.4~14/μL。     

谈警察擒拿格斗训练方法

警察擒拿格斗训练是警察为了能够更好地打击和控制犯罪嫌疑人,减少或避免警察在执法战斗中的伤亡而进行的体能、技术和战术的训练。训练方法主要有身体素质训练法、辅助器材训练法、持续重复训练法、变换条件训练法、心理素质训练法、以战促训训练法。     

五点定位法针刀治疗膝骨关节炎的临床研究

目的 观察五点定位法针刀治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效.方法 将符合诊断标准的60例患者随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组30例,对照组采取经典定位法,治疗组采取五点定位法进行针刀治疗,观察并比较两组患者治疗前后视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(Weste...     

六味地黄汤通过树突状细胞Notch信号通路调节T细胞分化干预自身免疫性脑脊髓炎

目的 通过观察树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DCs)Notch信号通路对CD4+T细胞分化的影响,探究六味地黄汤干预实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(experimental autoimmune encephalomyeli-tis,EAE)的机制.方法 采用主动免疫法诱导2D2小鼠EAE模型,采用磁珠分选收集...     

基于《中华人民共和国药典》优化丹参中33种禁用农药残留物检测的前处理方法

目的 以丹参为研究对象,比较2020版《中华人民共和国药典》（简称《中国药典》）中3大类前处理方法对33种禁用农药残留物回收率的影响,进一步优化快速样品处理法（quick,easy,cheap,effective,rugged and safe, QuEChERS）,并应用于199批饮片和60批药材的筛查。方法 分别从基质效应和回收率方面比较《中国药典》3类前处理方法,并对QuEChERS法进行研究与优化,样品加水后由 1%醋酸-乙腈提取,依次加入QuEChERS盐包与QuEChERS净化管盐析净化,提取液经浓缩后分别加入水和内标磷酸三苯酯,结合液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）和气相色谱-串联质谱法（GC-MS/MS）以添加水平为定量限浓度水平测定样品的回收率和RSD。结果 采用《中国药典》前处理方法时,丹参中33种禁用农药（54个单体）在添加水平为定量限浓度水平时,部分农药回收率较低;优化QuEChERS法后,丹参中33种禁用农药（54个单体）在一定浓度下,线性关系良好,r均大于0.990,其回收率为64.43%~127.35%,RSD均<15%;199批饮片和60批药材中共检出2种农药,甲拌磷检出率为3.86%,克百威检出率为1.93%,但残留量均未超过2020版《中国药典》规定限度。结论 优化后的QuEChERS法快速简便,有针对性地对丹参中33种禁用农药残留进行准确检测,对于丹参的生产种植与日常监控具有一定的参考意义。     

软件相关方法专利多主体分别实施侵权的责任分析

以软件控制并由多方主体分别实施的方法发明在物联网时代日益重要,但此类方法专利的保护在实践中存在着困难。针对方法专利的多主体分别实施侵权,采取有意思联络的共同侵权、以主动或明知为主观条件的间接侵权、承担连带责任的无意思联络的数人侵权等方式均难以准确判定并追究行为人的侵权责任,为权利人提供及时有效的救济。对此,可考虑在专利法中制定专门条款,或以司法解释明确规则,吸收"控制或指导"理论和实践经验,淡化各方的主观意思联络要件、强调其行为的客观关联,追究实施方法专利流程中关键步骤的主要控制人,尤其是明知相关软件在他人的方法专利实施中具有关键作用而将其内置于自己生产销售的设备中的行为人之直接侵权责任。     

The Between

Thinking with this special issue's group of feminist thinkers – some artists and others scholars – this introduction makes a strong case for co-authorship and a more collaborative humanities, while also insisting that the couple form – that stalwart object of queer and feminist theory – is neither a known quantity nor an exhausted entity, but rather, a field ripe for analysis. Situated squarely within performance studies, this introduction pivots away from questions of ontology and toward method and performativity, in order to ask: what modes of intellectual practice, erotic exchange, political work, and aesthetic experimentation happen uniquely within couple forms, in their most capacious and non-self-same iterations? What queer and feminist work can they do? What, in other words, is possible in the infinity, if indeed it is an infinity, between one and two?     

法律方法论课程设置及教学方法刍议

法律方法论作为方法性知识、经验性知识和技术性知识,是有效促进法律技能形成和提高的直接知识来源,法律方法论课程的设置有利于职业型和精英型法律人才的培养。法律方法论课程应单独开设并与法理学及部门法学课程的关系进行协调。根据我国当下法律方法论研究的进展和成果,可选取学界基本已达成共识的法律方法类型和体系作为法律方法论课程的教学内容。理论讲授法是法律方法论课程的基础教学方法,案例分析法是法律方法论课程的主导教学方法,实践体验法是法律方法论课程的补充教学方法。     

Socrates in Aotearoa: teaching restorative justice in New Zealand

Much introductory material on restorative justice presents the subject from an idealistic point of view, in which assertions of its ethical superiority and advantages over retributive justice systems frequently go unchallenged. In New Zealand, this problem is particularly pronounced, as there is often a naïve acceptance that restorative justice is more culturally appropriate for offenders and victims with indigenous backgrounds. This article argues for a more nuanced approach to the teaching of restorative justice, using critical investigation of claims concerning its efficacy and examination of its problems in order to explore its promises and realities. One possibility for such an approach is the use of the Socratic Method, a teaching method with a demonstrated ability to engage students and foster critical thinking, but one that has also received criticism for its ability to intimidate and demean students. This method is widely used in law schools, but much less so in the social sciences. This article explores the use of this method in a New Zealand university class on restorative justice, examining both student perceptions of the use of the Socratic Method, as well as the efficacy of this approach in terms of knowledge retention and critical engagement.     

The ‘Code of Silence’: Are Self‐Report Surveys a Viable Means for Studying Police Misconducts?

Police misconducts have very rarely been studied by the self‐report method because it is assumed that the ‘code of silence’ is too hard to break even in an anonymous survey research situation. In this study a self‐report method was carried out in a police unit in Finland. Respondents were shown a list of 16 possible conducts. They were asked whether they knew a police officer who had been engaged in misconduct mentioned in the list or whether they themselves had engaged in one or more of the misconducts mentioned in the list. The analysis results indicated that, in an anonymous self‐report survey context, police officers are clearly willing to report on service misconducts, both their own and those of their fellow officers. Thus, the assumed ‘code of silence’ does not seem as strong as the literature suggests.