Desistance and Legitimacy: The Impact of Offender Notification Meetings on Recidivism among High Risk Offenders

Legitimacy-based approaches to crime prevention assume that individuals will comply with the law when they believe that the law and its agents are legitimate and act in ways that are “fair” and “just.” Currently, legitimacy-based programs are shown to lower aggregate levels of crime; yet, no study has investigated whether such programs influence individual offending. Using quasi-experimental design and survival analyses, this study evaluates the effectiveness of one such program—Chicago’s Project Safe Neighborhoods’ (PSN) Offender Notification Forums—at reducing individual recidivism among a population of returning prisoners. Results suggest that involvement in PSN significantly reduces the risk of subsequent incarceration and is associated with significantly longer intervals that offenders remain on the street and out of prison. As the first study to provide individual-level evidence promoting legitimacy-based interventions on patterns of individual offending, out study suggests these interventions can and do reduce rates of recidivism.     

School climate and delinquency – on the significance of the perceived social and learning climate in school for refraining from offending

School is regarded as a central arena for crime prevention. This study analyses the effects of student perceptions of school contextual aspects on self-reported offending, using logistic regression with control for clustering effects. The data comprise a census of pupils in year nine in comprehensive school (15 year olds) and in year two of upper secondary school (17 year olds) in the City of Stockholm in 2006, 2008 and 2010 (n = 25,850 of which 47% are boys and 53% are girls). Besides showing that several aspects of students’ perceptions of the school setting have direct protective effects on offending, the study shows that perceiving schoolwork as meaningful appears to moderate the effect of adverse home conditions on delinquency for boys. The only aspect of school investigated in this study that was not significantly related to offending was the perception of classroom order, indicating that emotional support from teachers is more important for crime preventive implications than maintaining order in the classroom. Controlling for clustering effects shows differences in offending between classes and schools that are not produced by differences between the students.     

反相HPLC法同时测定大麻植物中的三种有效成分

目的建立同时测定大麻植物中四氢大麻酚(tetrahydrocannabinol,THC)、大麻二酚(cannabidiol,CBD)和大麻酚(cannabinol,CBN)三种有效成分的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法。方法采用通用C_(18)色谱柱,以乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲液(0.015 mol/L KH_2PO_4)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为220 nm,同时收集波长190~400nm的紫外光谱图,并以此光谱图及保留时间作为定性依据。结果所建方法能良好地分离THC、CBD和CBN,三种成分在0.4~40μg/m L范围内线性关系良好(R~2≥0.999 3),回收率大于87%,最低检出限分别为1.8、2.0和1.3 ng,日内精密度与日间精密度均小于5%。结论反相HPLC法简便、快速、准确,适用于大麻植物中THC、CBD和CBN的定性定量检测。     

试析创立安徽大学堂的两份奏折

光绪二十二年（1896）安徽巡抚邓华熙以及光绪二十八年（1902）安徽巡抚王之春向光绪皇帝所上的关于创办求是学堂和安徽大学堂的两份奏折,一直未能引起有关学者的重视。细微探讨和剖析这两份奏折．将有助于从源头上了解安徽大学在创办之初的原因及其艰辛历程,对更清晰地透视安徽教育和社会的近代化,当不无裨益。     

高职高专计算机基础教育考评方法探析

高职高专计算机基础教育的培养目标是为了培养高素质的劳动者,因此在教学考评中应主要考察学生的职业能力。为了达到这样的目的,应尽量探索新的计算机基础教育的考评方法,认真研究考评方法的原理,比较不同考评方法的优劣,权衡不同类型考评方法的得失,构建面向素质教育的新计算机基础教育考评体系。     

关于公安院校图书馆如何在社会开放环境下寻求发展的思考

公安院校图书馆要遵循图书馆自身发展的规律,坚持以为教学服务为中心,同时面向社会,转变领导观念,增加资金投入,建立科学的人才管理机制,提高图书馆人员素质。开展灵活多样的公安文献信息服务,加强公安院校图书馆之间的合作与交流,实现公安文献信息的资源共享,建立与市场经济相适应的具有公安特色的藏书体系,在社会开放环境下寻求公安院校图书馆事业的快速发展。     

以创新精神落实科学发展观——基于高校学报发展的视角

以创新精神落实科学发展观,既是时代发展的主题,也是高校学报发展的必然要求。在具体实践过程中,要创新高校学报发展观念,实现发展理念的科学转型;创新高校学报发展模式,实现高校学报发展的实质性跨跃,努力迈向精品学报;创新高校学报发展动力机制,实现学报组织创新,在永续动力的驱使下使学报向更高层次发展。     

Does the multi-phased high school entrance program affect the equity of educational opportunity？

The Taiwan Government has proposed many educational reform programs in these years. Since 2000, in addition to the joint high school entrance examination, new ways of entering senior high school have included recommendation, application, register-and-distribution, as well as direct promotion. In 2001, the joint high school entrance examination was further annulled for good. However, contrary to the Taiwan Government＇s anticipation, the multi-phased high school entrance program has been severely criticized due to its controversial operating process. Based on our in-depth interviews and analyses of data collected by the Taiwan Education Panel Survey, the results demonstrate that the multi-phased high school entrance program has divided the selection process into several critical parts. Firstly, students have to face the requisition both on and off campus. Secondly, the selection and recommendation criteria are not uniform among different schools. Thirdly, students with better family backgrounds are still benefiting from the advantages of being recommended to public senior high schools. Finally, the selection process and related criteria can easily be influenced by the parents or relatives of students with higher socio-economic status. We therefore argue that the issues related to the selection and recommendation criteria, timing of assignments, school categorizations, as well as the review process for the multi-phased high school entrance program should all be re-considered.     

关于校园暴力的规劝——社区矫正施予青少年不良行为的可能性

校园暴力既是国际社会青少年犯罪的特殊类型,也是青少年受害的主要因素,它威胁着象牙宝塔的神圣和安全,也对处在心理生理发育期的青少年造成了极端负面的影响。对青少年不良行为施予社区矫正,既能立足于青少年犯罪的原因,发挥积极的教育作用,同时也能推进我国少年司法工作的发展。     

危害铁路运输高危人群概念、构成要素及特征之研究

对危害铁路运输高危人群的研究必须植根于对高危人群这一概念内涵及外延的准确把握,因此,研究现有危害铁路运输安全的高危人群的组成结构,对高危人群做一个明确的界定,是"高危人群的识别和控管"这一论题的重要基础。在此基础上通过进一步研究其构成要件、特点,为铁路公安机关实践工作提供客观统一的认定判断标准。这个问题的解决,将有助于铁路公安机关制定有针对性的预防、控制危害铁路运输安全高危人群的对策。