Economic Stress and Psychological Distress Among Urban African American Adolescents

SUMMARY

The present study tested the hypothesis that maternal depression and negative parenting mediate the relationship between economic stress and psychological symptoms among urban African American youth. Two distinct economic Stressors were examined: (1) acute economic loss and (2) chronic economic strain. Each of these economic Stressors was expected to predict maternal depression, which, in turn, was expected to predict negative parenting, which, finally, was expected to predict adolescent symptoms. Results suggest that maternal depression and negative parenting partially mediate the relationship between economic stress and adolescent psychological symptoms among urban African American youth. Directions for future research and intervention implications are outlined.     

心理测量在教育中应用存在的问题与对策

随着教育学和心理学的发展,心理测量在教育领域的应用越来越广泛。目前,心理测量在教育中应用存在测验选择不当、施测过程控制不当、测验结果解释不科学、量表编制不当及对心理测量结果认识存在偏颇等问题。在教育中,应有针对性地选择测验、规范施测过程、科学解释测验结果、提高测验的信度和效度及客观看待心理测验结果。     

Deixis and space in drama

This article seeks to explore some of the functions of deixis in the delineation of space in drama. The dramatic text addresses a context of performance and, therefore, space depiction is generally regarded as within the province of theatre since the transformation of the hare boards of the stage into other spaces and places calls forth the skills of scenographers, lighting experts, etc. Verbal depictions of space are seen to be best employed in referring to off‐stage space or restricted to reference to objects onstage, when they need to be particularly foregrounded as significant for the onstage action in its relation to the whole. The, basically, onstage/off‐stage division is mapped on to the visual/verbal one so that the visual, onstage space is the main business with verbal references to offstage space backgrounded as a consequence. Deictic phenomena, however, cut across such divisions. Deixis uses the body of participants in speech events as the primary point for calculations of space. The body has access to different channels—visual, auditory, tactile, etc. which deictic usages mobilise. Moreover, from a linguist's point of view, the mode of discourse appropriate to drama is speech since the dialogue presupposes actors on stage interacting with each other, via speech, and not reading texts silently. The voice is the medium of communication, and hence, the body is installed back into the page of the text. Deixis presupposes a corporeal context of utterance with corporeal bodies and channels of communication open for use. This article explores some of the consequences for delineating dramatic space, when the visual/verbal division and its progeny are undercut by the use of deixis.     

经济结构理论研究的回顾与思考

推进经济结构战略性调整,是加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向。为了完成这项任务,需要深入研究经济结构理论,掌握经济结构演变的规律。我国系统研究经济结构是从上世纪七十年代末八十年代初开始的。研究经济结构既要研究生产关系结构,也要研究生产力结构,要在它们的协调统一中深化对经济结构及其比例关系的认识;我国经济结构不合理是和盲目追求高速度联系在一起的,所以还应深入研究经济增长、经济结构和经济效果三者的关系,应深入探索经济结构合理化的标志和途径。当前推进经济结构战略性调整,应根据提高质量和效益的要求来确定合理的增长速度,应把经济增长、经济结构、经济体制、经济管理、经济效益、社会效益、生态效益统一起来,不断克服经济社会发展中不协调、不平衡、不可持续的突出问题,实现经济社会生态全面协调可持续发展。     

Personal rule,neopatrimonialism, and regime typologies: integrating Dahlian and Weberian approaches to regime studies

The concepts of personal rule, neopatrimonialism, sultanism and related conceptual labels have been widely used in political research, yet remain inadequately conceptualized. To make it a useful analytical category for comparative research, this article clarifies the concept of personal rule, derives its minimal definition and shows its proper genus, state authority structure. A new typological framework is advanced as an improved conceptual scheme that is able to capture variation on two salient dimensions of contemporary regimes in the developing and postcommunist worlds, the extent of political competition and the type of state authority structure.     

市场结构、企业家能力与经营绩效——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

论文利用中国上市公司2011年的数据,检验了企业家能力与经营绩效的关系,以及市场结构在企业家能力发挥中起到的作用。研究发现,企业家能力越高,公司经营绩效越高,随着市场份额的上升,企业家能力对经营绩效的提升作用在不断减弱。当市场份额较低时,企业家能力对经营绩效存在明显的提升作用;当市场份额较高时,企业家能力对经营绩效的提升作用变得不再显著。从行业生命周期看,处于衰退期的行业的市场结构对企业家能力的发挥并无显著作用。因此,在市场集中度较低的行业中,企业家能力是中小企业经营绩效的加速器。     

日元国际化的制约因素及启示

20世纪中后期,日本实施了日元国际化战略但并未获得成功。分析日元国际化未成功的原因无疑对稳妥推进人民币国际化进程带来一些启示。本文在梳理了日元国际化的发展历程之后总结出制约日元国际化成功推进的关键因素,为人民币国际化提出相关政策建议。     

协同治理：高等院校治理模式的新选择——基于高校权力结构变迁的考察

在我国高校权力主体走向多元、权力结构趋于扁平的背景下,实现高校治理各主体的协同已成为高校管理体制改革的关键所在。本文从协同治理理论切入,剖析中国高校权力结构现状,阐述协同治理将成为我国高校的必然选择。在分析我国高校权力结构变迁基础上,从治理价值基础、机制建设和理性行为培育等方面探讨高校协同治理的构想。     

现代公益事业法人治理结构研究

公益事业单位既是中国事业单位集群的主体,也是分类改革后能够继续保留在国家事业序列内的唯一类型。现有公益事业单位虽然在职能目标上符合国家事业的要求,但在组织形态上还需要进一步转变成为"现代公益事业组织"。在法人自治基础上的科学管理是现代公益事业组织的基本要求和基本特征,公益事业单位内部治理模式改革的核心是构建与组织属性相符合的法人治理结构。公益事业单位由于其职能范围的广泛性、组织地位的独立性以及行为目标的公共性,适宜采用"理事会+执行负责人"的法人治理结构,同时还应建立一个由利益相关人广泛参与的共同治理架构。     

海利根达姆进程与全球治理

新世纪以来,全球治理的理论和实践得到了较大的发展,作为全球治理新探索的"海利根达姆进程"受到了较多的关注。运用"结构-进程"互动的视角对其进行分析能够帮助我们更透彻的认识"海利根达姆进程"的启动、发展和演变;此外,这一新视角并不仅限于观察单一案例,对于我们分析和研究更广泛的全球治理实践,也是适用和有效的。