The fate of the Assyrian minority in early independent Iraq: a test case of political violence based on rational primordialism

Analyzing ethno-national conflicts is usually not easy in that not all quantitative scientific tools are useful to the student of a conflict based on primordial elements. The burden of studying the outcome of a conflict is all the more complex given that the two conflicting groups might be at two different stages of their political development at any given time during the course of the conflict. In the case of the fate of the [Eastern Christian] Assyrian community in early independent Iraq, the political rationale for decisions taken by each party was drawn from different sociological, historical and political realms. Decisions in times of conflict and their political and historical ramifications are not always rational, since they draw upon primordial/communal considerations rather than the accurate reading of the overall true strategic scene.

The violence was an outcome of a combination of primordial differences and rational choice. The Iraqis sought to establish a new sovereign state with minimal disturbances from its Christian minority that they perceived as not belonging to the new nation. As for the Assyrians, they chose violence believing that at least some superpowers would support them. Historically, this rational decision based upon a primordial dispute turned out to be a mistake primarily because of lack of external support, weak internal cohesion of the group, and feeble leadership.     

邓小平的价值主体和价值评价思想论析

邓小平的价值思想内容十分丰富,是一个较完整的理论体系。邓小平的价值观是以人民为价值主体和评价主体的价值观。以人民群众为价值主体,是由我党的性质、根本宗旨以及人民群众在历史上的作用决定的。以人民群众为价值主体,必然要求以人民群众为评价主体,以人民群众的利益为评价标准。“三个有利于”价值标准,是以人民为价值主体和评价主体的价值标准,是以最广大人民群众的根本利益为评价标准的价值标准,也是科学的价值标准。     

论邓子恢的农民观

农民问题,是中国现代化进程中的主要问题,邓子恢关于解放农民、让利农民、调动农民、教育农民的 农民观,为我们今天正确认识和解决“三农”问题,加深对中国共产党执政规律的认识提供了借鉴.     

伦理道德中的“君臣关系”与职务犯罪

市场经济的运行体制使人与人之间形成了以交换为手段,以获取最大利益为目的的交往形式。现阶段,由于上层建筑与经济基础的不相适应,导致官员手中权力过大并且缺乏有效的制约机制,掌权者利用手中的职权来交换财富,导致腐败滋生。而传统儒家伦理道德中的"君臣关系"的陈腐理念使得为官者完全脱离人民群众,丧失了共产党人全心全意为人民服务的宗旨。     

邓小平是“尊重知识，尊重人才”的倡导者和实践者

邓小平率先向全党发出了"尊重知识,尊重人才"的号召,并以自己的实际行 动,为全党做出了一个表率,成为"尊重知识,尊重人才"的倡导者和实践者。     

Finger in the Dyke or the Floodgates Stemmed? Sections 29–40 of the Employment Act 2002

This article considers Sections 29–40 of the Employment Act 2002 in the context of post-War developments in labour relations culminating in the National Industrial Relations Court. It considers the development of Employment Tribunal which rather than being the last resort intended by the legislators, has become the first resort of complainants, often for trivial matters by employees; or by employers taking an extremely broad view of Gross Misconduct by employees. Due to the volume of cases and the shortage of Chairs, cases are constantly delayed and postponed. The article posits that these are the principle reason behind the framing of Sections 29–40 of the Employment Act 2002 which introduced a new Section 9(1)(a) into the Employment Tribunals Act 1995. This has given the Chair of an Employment Tribunal the authority to strike out a weak case at a Pre-Hearing Review that will strike the case out once and for all at this juncture. The aim is to encourage employers to have proper procedures and for employees to follow them. This article suggests that in fact the reforms will have the opposite effect; that they have introduced another layer of legal complexity which will further increase the number of cases brought before the Employment Tribunal.     

论邓小平的小康社会思想

邓小平对小康水平、小康状态、小康生活、小康之家、小康社会、小康的中国等概念的论述,蕴含着中国特色社会主义经济、政治、文化全面发展的思想,为全面建设小康社会和实现社会主义现代化奠定了坚实的理论基础。党的十六大提出的"全面建设小康社会"的奋斗目标和行动纲领,是对邓小平小康社会思想的丰富和发展。     

论邓小平发展观的基本特征

邓小平中国特色社会主义的发展观,作为中国改革开放伟大实践的产物,既有着深厚的历史和科学理论底蕴,又有着现实的实践基础和鲜明的时代特征。     

邓小平发展观的鲜明特征和丰富内涵

邓小平的发展观具有科学性、实践性和全面性的鲜明特征;其内涵包括发展道路论、发展目标论、发展中心论、发展动力论、发展时序论、发展速度论、发展关键论、发展条件论、发展标准论。邓小平的发展观至今仍是我国全面建设小康社会的行动指南。     

论邓小平的国际战略思想

邓小平国际战略思想具有时代性、预见性和民族性的鲜明特色。邓小平国际战略思想的主要内容有:把握国际局势,明确核心问题;坚持独立自主,维护国家主权;以国家利益为最高准则,不搞意识形态的争论。