Testing the Demirjian and the international Demirjian dental aging methods on a mixed ancestry urban American subadult sample from Detroit, MI

This paper tests the Demirjian and international Demirjian dental aging methods for forensic use when ancestry and ethnicity are unknown. A radiographic sample of 187 boys and girls was collected from the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the University of Detroit Mercy and aged using both methods. The total sample and the sample by age categories (young, middle, and old) were analyzed using t-tests. The Demirjian method was found to better estimate age to a statistically significant degree for the total sample, as well as the middle and old age categories. The young category was aged better using the international Demirjian method. The results indicate that while the Demirjian method accurately estimates age, caution must be used with the method. Further research is needed to determine whether the international Demirjian method can be used for forensics in the U.S.     

贵州省猪戊型肝炎的分子流行病学调查

采集贵州省戊型肝炎病毒(hepatitis E virus,HEV)抗体阳性的6个猪场新鲜猪粪便样品216份,提取RNA,通过RT-nPCR扩增HEV ORF2基因,对阳性PCR产物进行克隆和测序,采用MEGA5.05软件进行序列比对,构建系统发生树,并经流行病学分析,调查了贵州省猪群的HEV感染情况及基因型。结果显示,HEV主要感染1月龄以上的未成年猪群;粪样采集的6个猪场均不同程度(5.88%～56.52%)地检出HEV RNA阳性,总体阳性率为22.69%(49/216),场群阳性率为100%(6/6);不同类型猪场(养殖户型和养殖场型)HEV RNA阳性率(分别为41.10%和13.29%)差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),养殖户之间及养殖场之间的阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但随着饲养时间的延长,这2种类型猪场的粪便HEV RNA检出率呈上升趋势;测序36个PCR阳性分离株(占73.5%),序列一致性为91.1%～100%,与HEV禽型及Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型的一致性分别为52.4%～55.4%、75.2%～77.9%、73.6%～75.9%、72.7%～79.1%、83.2%～95.6%,系...     

Dental age assessment: the applicability of Demirjian method in eastern Turkish children

In the literature, little is known about the applicability of this method in Turkish children. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the reliability of Demirjian method of age estimation when used for eastern Turkish children. A retrospective study was performed on a sample of panoramic radiographs taken from 807 healthy eastern Turkish children. The stages of dental maturity of the mandibular left seven permanent teeth for each subject using the eight radiographic dental maturity stages demonstrated by Demirjian were evaluated. A paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. The mean difference between the chronological and dental ages ranged from 0.2 to 1.9 years in girls and from 0.4 to 1.3 years in boys. The differences between the chronological and dental ages were statistically significant in all age groups. The applicability of Demirjian method is not suitable for eastern Turkish population.     

采用自主研发似然比率计算器进行ITO亲缘关系分析

目的探讨采用自主研发的似然比率计算器进行ITO法亲缘关系鉴定的可行性。方法针对GoldeneyeTMDNA ID System 20A系统的19个常染色体STR基因座分型数据,使用自主研发的似然比率计算器,人工模拟100 000对无关个体及100 000个家系的父子、同胞、半同胞、一、二代堂表兄弟,应用ITO法,自动分析计算亲权指数（PI）和亲缘关系概率（RCP）。结果父子和无关个体关系概率界值下无重叠,具有显著差异。同胞关系概率大于99.99%时,同胞占66.48%,无关个体占0%,具有显著差异;概率小于99.99%时,同胞个体和无关个体有部分重叠,具有一定差异。半同胞关系概率大于99.99%时,半同胞占1.52%,无关个体占0%,具有显著差异;概率小于99.99%时,两组有部分重叠,具有一定差异。一、二代堂表兄弟关系概率为10%～90%范围内时,无关个体分别占90%,99.98%,无法推断。结论本文方法可用于推断父子关系、同胞关系、半同胞关系。     

A fast preparation of skeletal materials using enzyme maceration

The current study investigates the removal of soft tissues from mice and rats by the use of three different proteases and one lipase from Novozymes A/S. The results demonstrate the enzyme maceration to be remarkably fast (1-3 h) compared to the traditional warm-water procedure, which requires up to several days. In addition, the enzyme maceration eliminates the odor problem associated with the traditional procedure. It is shown that stirring of the enzyme maceration bath is the main factor which determines the speed of the maceration. For mice, the time required for enzyme maceration can vary from 1 to 8 h depending on the stirring speed. The method investigated here allows preparation of skeletal material in an essentially odorless way within a matter of hours, making the method useful in particular for forensic science, private conservation workshops, and educational purposes.     

维和警察英语培训的思考

2011年,辽宁省公安厅组建警队赴东帝汶执行民事维和任务,省公安厅将此警队培训重任交付于辽宁公安司法管理干部学院,这是我省第一次单独组建警队执行维和任务。作为此次为何警察英语培训教师,特将此次英语培训思路、方法及内容作以介绍,并就相关内容进行思考,旨在总结此次英语培训任务,为进一步完成好积累维和警察培训工作积累经验。     

虚开发票犯罪赃款追缴问题新思考

虚开发票犯罪案件赃款追缴工作不仅是挽回经济损失的主要渠道,也是打击该类犯罪的重要手段。长期以来,虚开发票犯罪赃款的追缴工作取得了巨大的成效,但是还存在诸多问题。我们应该转换角度,重新思考,以受票方为主要追缴对象、以票款为主要追缴范围、以公安机关为主导的追缴方式,谋求新的追缴模式．实现追缴行为的价值。     

浅议英语文体学理论与大学英语教学的结合

英语文体学理论对改进大学英语教学起到很大的作用,它能帮助学生提高阅读欣赏能力,在交际中更准确地理解对方所表达内容的实质,并恰当地选择能表达自己意图的语言手段与方式。在大学英语教学中与英语文体学理论进行紧密结合将会带来极好的实际效果。     

浅谈大学英语口语教学策略

外语教学的最终目的是使学习者掌握目的语,随着交际教学法的提出,英语口语教学在英语教学中越来越受到重视。以大学生口语能力的培养为研究对象,在剖析英语口语教学中存在问题的基础上,探讨了大学英语口语教学的策略。     

我国法学教育的困境与突破

目前高校法学教育往往把侧重点放在法律知识的传授上,而对学生法律职业能力的培养却没给予足够的重视,结果造成了学生法律职业能力欠缺,无法满足实际职业的需求。面对这种现状,有必要进行更深层次的思考,明确当前社会法学教育培养目标,尝试探索出法学教育改革之路。