我国银行业实行混业经营存在的法律问题及对策

在国际银行业混业经营的发展趋势下,我国目前采取分业经营体制的银行业向混业经营体制转变已是大势所趋。鉴于目前我国金融领域存在着金融机构产权不明、金融监管法律法规体系不健全、各监管主体之间缺乏合理有效的协调机制及金融机构信息披露制度不完善等诸多问题,应通过改革金融机构的产权结构、健全金融监管法律体系,加强各监管主体之间的协调及建立金融机构强制信息披露制度等措施来确保银行业混业经营的实现。     

欧盟及成员国应对烟草品牌延伸广告的立法概况及其启示

烟草品牌延伸广告是烟草商规避已有法律禁止性规定,间接为烟草产品做广告的一种手段。在我国已批准世界卫生组织《控制烟草框架公约》的背景下,借鉴欧盟及主要成员国禁止烟草品牌延伸广告的相关立法,以完善我国现有法律法规。     

Implementing EU emissions trading: success or failure?

This article assesses and explains the implementation of the EU emissions trading scheme (EU ETS). It argues that implementation in terms of ambitiousness has been only moderately successful so far, but significant differences between the Member States are also observed. Similarities and differences are then explained within a multi-level governance approach emphasizing the need to search for explanations at national, EU, and global levels. The EU ETS case shows that the multi-level governance approach can be as relevant for understanding implementation as for explaining policy-making. In addition to factors located at the national level, the decentralized nature of the EU scheme itself is important for understanding how the system works in practice. At the global level, the link to the Clean Development Mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol is particularly important for determining how well the EU ETS will perform in the future.     

欧盟、美国优惠性原产地规则运用的实践及启示--非经济功能的视角

欧盟、美国及其建立的区域贸易组织对优惠性原产地规则的运用始终走在前列,不仅被它们运用于经济领域以追求广泛的传统贸易利益,发挥着特有的经济功能,而且已被它们运用于特定的非经济领域以追求广泛的非传统贸易利益,发挥着特定的非经济功能.我国的区域经贸合作安排已正式启动,并正扩大区域经贸合作的范围.为此,我国应借鉴欧盟、美国利用优惠性原产地规则实现非经济功能的成功经验,以实现特定的政治、军事、外交目标.     

Mortgage credit risk in EU countries: Constraints on exploiting the single currency market

The adoption of a single EU currency market raises questions about how individual country mortgage policies are likely to affect the gains that can be realized from this larger market. We use an option pricing model to provide some perspective on this issue. We address questions such as how does the risk exposure of a mortgage guarantee program in one country compare with those in other countries? What kind of effects do any such differences or varying legal restrictions on lender recourse have? Do the programs help complete financial markets? That is, are the programs structured as unsubsidized financial intermediaries which help allocate risks? Or, are the programs essentially wards of the state which encourage risk taking? In short, we aim to provide a simple, tractable way to think about how individual country policies affect the ability to exploit the potential offered by the larger market. Our conclusions are three. First, when correctly structured, mortgage default insurance can be expected to reduce non-price rationing at an actuarially fair price. It follows that to the extent that such programs lead to more complete markets without subsidies they are also more efficient than are the many schemes now used which rely on subsidies to address mortgage market incompleteness. Second, considerable care must be exercised in the development of such instruments. In a number of countries the pricing policies do not appear to be prudent. The program terms imply either that regulators often expect a much safer economic environment than seems likely, or, alternatively, the programs have been conveying either unbudgeted subsidies or incurring contingent liabilities. Such liabilities have already been realized in Sweden, and the current exposure in the Netherlands as well as with the restructured program in Sweden, appear to be large. Finally, we find that the potential geographical risk diversification provided by the single currency market can be expected to reduce mortgage rates and improve risk allocation. However, legal, fiscal, and regulatory issues with respect to credit risk limit the ability to exploit this larger market.     

Railway Dreaming: Lessons for Economic Regulators from Aboriginal Resource Management Lore

Railway reform in the past decade has seen the introduction of mandated third party access to track in a number of jurisdictions. This article argues that third party access changes the property rights associated with railway track, rendering it a common pool resource. As such, it is useful to ask whether the literature on the governance of common pool resources could inform the economic regulation of railways. This article suggests that it might, and draws some lessons from the common pool resource governance mechanisms traditionally used by Australia's Aborigines in managing their land that may have application within the context of the railways.     

驰名商标异化的法律规制

驰名商标异化为我国独有的一种社会现象。导致驰名商标异化的原因有多种因素，但其后果则是背离了设立驰名商标保护制度的立法初衷，同时，危及到了商标保护的正当性。尽管最高人民法院已出台了相关的司法解释，以阻止驰名商标异化的加剧，但孤掌难鸣，还需要行政部门和相关立法的配合，以从根本上遏制驰名商标进一步异化，从而回归驰名商标制度的本质意义。     

青少年网络犯罪及其法律规制

随着互联网事业的蓬勃发展,青少年网络犯罪问题已经成为我们面临的主要社会问题之一。文章从探讨我国青少年网络犯罪的概念、互联网法制建设现状对青少年网络犯罪的影响入手,有针对性地提出了有效防治青少年网络犯罪的对策。     

论部门行政职权相对集中行使的法律规制

部门行政职权相对集中行使有助于克服职能交叉、权限冲突、多头执法、管理低效等问题,但相对集中的行政职权有被滥用的危险,甚至会产生新的"部门专权",因此,部门行政职权相对集中行使要受行政法治原则的约束,遵循相应的设定规则、程序规则和监控规则,这是从法律上规制部门行政职权相对集中行使、保障其合法性和有效性的重要举措。     

论宪政的程序之维——以程序在宪政中的地位与价值为视角

程序在宪政建设中具有重要的地位和意义。在我国宪法学领域,程序问题一直未受到相应的重视。我国现行宪法中程序性条款的规定在全部条款中所占比重很小,程序性规范严重缺失导致我国宪法的实施失去了充分的内在保障。借鉴西方宪政程序的建构模式,进一步建立和完善宪政程序,应当成为我国宪政建设的重要内容。