欧共体竞争法与成员国竞争法关系初探

由于均对各自适用范围做扩张性解释,因而欧共体竞争法与成员国竞争法在适用范围上不可避免地产生了重叠, 二者构成了一利双重控制体系。但这种双重控制体系又是有条件的双重控制体系,即当二者之间有冲突时,应以共同体竞争法的效力为优先。随着统一大市场的形成以及从属原则被确立为欧盟法的基本原则,这种双重控制体系面临瓦解的可能,在未来有必要对两套法律体系的适用范围进行重新划定,从而使其各行其是,互不干涉,而且预计成员国竞争法的地位会得到相应提升,并发挥其应有的作用。     

Exclusive Safeguards and Technology Transfer: Subcontracting Agreements in Eastern Europe's Car Component Industry

We study the rationale for the use of exclusivity to protect transfer of technology in subcontracting agreements. The legal possibility arises through the EU Notice on Subcontracting. Empirically, the link between exclusive agreements and technology transfer among firms in the automotive supply industry in EU candidate countries is surprisingly weak, although with exclusive-supply or exclusive-buying clauses in subcontracting agreements upstream transfer of technology is more likely. Exclusive agreements are often reciprocal, and are typically passed on. Downstream firms are more likely to face and use vertical restraints. Technology trickles upstream: Multinational final assemblers transfer more technology than lower-tier suppliers.     

论“创意时代”的新闻媒体竞争策略

在媒体进入了以数字技术和文化创意系统整合的"创意时代"后,传统媒体面临着许多新的挑战.同时,新的智力组合方式和媒体技术也为传统媒体提供了新的变革机遇.为此,传统媒体既应坚守核心的新闻业务理念,更要努力推进整体和系统的创新,改变整合资源的运营模式.只要树立新的竞争策略,借助我国文化创意产业的大发展来拓展产业链,最大限度地延伸品牌和公信力,传统媒体还会以新的形式发挥其应有的影响力.     

Cooperation in the shadow of regulatory competition: the case of asylum legislation in Europe

Traditional analysis considers that the granting of protection to refugees is an international public good, and thus explains both the heterogeneousness in refugee protection in Europe and the spiral that has hardened the EU Member States’ asylum legislation from the mid-1980s onwards as the result of free riding in the provision of the good. In contrast, the paper considers that the heterogeneousness in refugee distribution is best explained by the joint product model and that the spiral of restriction is best explained by the common pool resource model and regulatory competition theory. The paper explains, and gives empirical evidence of the emergence and development of a competitive game among the EU Member States, and shows the result and the consequence of this upon cooperative attempts among States.     

现阶段我国心理疾病的社会探因及调适

现阶段，压力已经成为现代人心理疾病的重要诱因，包括社会角色压力、就业和工作压力、情绪情感压力与学习认知压力等。加强自我认知，培养健康人格；了解社会需要，重新定位自我；控制自我情绪，积极调整心态；普及健康教育，开展心理咨询等是调适心理疾病的主要方法。     

《反垄断法》中的基础设施条款探析

基础设施条款为竞争执法机构提供了一种强迫企业允许竞争对手利用其设施的手段,能够防止公用企业滥用市场支配地位行为的发生,促进市场竞争的发展。基础设施条款是对契约自由的限制,为企业设定不得拒绝其他企业以适当的条件进入自己的网络或其他基础设施的义务,科学界定其适用条件,这是正确适用反垄断法的重要条件。我国已颁布《反垄断法》,科学地引入这一制度可以推动企业的改革以及竞争秩序的建立。     

散打比赛中的意识“盲段”现象及克服方法

意识“盲段”现象是散打、拳击、泰拳等搏击项目所特有的。散打运动员在近距离的搏斗时,由于心理压力大,防守自信心不足,导致场上慌乱、思维不清晰,盲目或下意识地作出非理性反应,极大阻碍了运动员技、战术水平的正常发挥。通过调整运动员的心理状态,提高头部的防守能力及加强实战等练习,逐渐克服散打运动员在实践中出现的眨眼、闭眼、无距离感地乱打乱踢、盲目抱缠等意识“盲段”现象,保证散打运动员在比赛中技、战术合理、清晰地运用。     

Competition and combativeness in courtship: Reports from men

Based on reports from 143 male college students, the relationship between a dating partner's perceived level of competitiveness and combativeness (one's own and one's partner's) is examined. Competitiveness is seen as a direct measures of efforts to exert control. Findings show that even high levels of pleasant competitive behaviors are unrelated to combativeness. However, as scores on a measure of unpleasant competitive behaviors increase, so do scores on a measure of combativeness. Recommendations are offered to educators and counselors regarding the nexus between competitiveness and courtship problems.     

Franz Böhm and the issue of codetermination

In The Economic Codetermination Right of Workers in the Firm, Böhm undertook the mental exercise of systematically analyzing all variants of economic systems discussed at that time, including their mixed forms, as well as codetermination at the company level and the board and industry level with all their combinations. This explains why his article extends over 230 pages. It is not feasible to closely discuss all of these variants. Instead, this article concentrates on those ideas that are still meaningful today or, in other words, on what Franz Böhm has to contribute to the question of the effects of codetermination today.     

论惩罚性赔偿的新运用

惩罚性赔偿作为经济法的一种具体责任形式 ,在英美法系国家得到广泛的适用 ,我国也在《消费者权益保护法》第 49条规定了双倍赔偿原则 ,但在实际运用中却还有很多不尽人意之处 ,且存在很大的局限性。本文试以英美法律惩罚性赔偿的相关规定为借鉴 ,结合我国实际情况 ,探讨如何使惩罚性赔偿在我国法律中得到更有效、更广泛地适用