中国共产党人对马克思主义自由途径理论的应用与发展

马克思主义认为，实践是人类实现自由的根本途径。中国共产党人以唯物史观发现和解决中国的现实问题，中国人民追求自由的伟大事业一步步地推向深入，使马克思主义自由途径理论在中国有了新的形态。     

China＇s Rise vs. International Order Evolution

A heated debate over the rise of China has been going on unabated in the international community for nearly two decades. However, with the elapse of time, the initial divergence of views in the mainstream opinion has gradually diminished and the gap in China policy among nations has likewise narrowed down. Instead, reason and a realistic approach have eventually taken center stare.     

如何建立我国鉴定结论采纳规则——以美国专家证言判断标准为参照

在我国司法实践中法官不够重视对鉴定结论的可靠性进行实质审查。美国专家证言采纳规则的先进性启示我们有必要对我国鉴定结论的审查认证进行反思。确立我国鉴定结论的采纳规则,尤其是确立鉴定结论可靠性的采纳规则,有助于防止某些伪科学进入法庭,防止法官滥用自由裁量权,从而对正确认证鉴定结论起到积极的推动作用。     

刑事审判监督的制度缺陷与完善

我国的刑事审判监督制度在制度设计上,存在监督程序启动标准过于抽象、再审程序启动权设置不尽合理等缺陷.要使刑事审判监督发挥保障法律公正实施,促进公正司法的制度功能,就要赋予审判机关接受刑事审判监督的义务和责任,明确刑事审判实体监督的启动标准,构建刑事审判监督中的证明标准,将再审程序启动权赋予检察院统一行使.     

舆论传媒资源的运用与党的执政能力建设

随着信息时代的到来、大众传媒的发展，传媒对于影响舆论和人们思想发挥着越来越重要的作用，人们大多被现代传媒所覆盖。舆论和传媒已经成为重要的执政资源，是党提高执政能力、巩固执政地位不可忽视的重要力量。如何适应时代和社会的发展，更好、更有效地利用这些资源，成为我们党需要不断思考的重大问题。     

舆论监督能代替司法监督吗？——从“躲猫猫”谈起

舆论监督是指新闻媒体运用舆论的独特力量，帮助社会公众了解政府事务，并促使其沿着法制和社会生活共同准则的方向运作的一种社会行为。司法监督，是指司法机关依据法定的职权和程序，对行政主体及其公务员的行为所实施的合法性监督。二者在和谐社会和法治建设中发挥的监督功能各有千秋，不能厚此薄彼，更不能相互越位。文章以云南晋宁县“躲猫猫”案件为切入点，探讨了如何辩证的看待舆论监督与司法监督二者的关系，以期为我国舆论监督与司法监督的良性互动提供点滴有益思考。     

专家证人若干问题的探讨(上)--以我国证据立法为背景

专家证人制度是各国证据法的重要内容之一。我国进行证据立法和构建这一制度时,应整合现行法中原有的制度资源,并根据实际情况适当吸收与借鉴其他法域的经验和做法。具体说,主要是围绕专家意见的证据资格、委托专家证人的主体范围、专家证人负有的义务、专家意见的异议、专门诉讼必备专家证人等方面进行规制。     

从公案看涉检舆情应对机制

近年来,越来越多的司法个案因为各种原因进入公众视野,受到舆情的广泛关注而演化为“公案”。分析这些“公案”,我们能够发现其共有的规律性特征：多为冤假错案、涉案被告人的身份呈现两极化、刑讯逼供问题广泛存在、网络成为主要媒介。“公案”的出现向涉检舆情应对工作提出了新的挑战,民意诉求、有罪推定、“命案必破”错误思想、公检法机关配合过度而制约不足等都是现阶段涉检舆情应对工作存在难题的深层次原因。本文通过分析“公案”及其成因,以期对建立有效的涉检舆情应对机制提供有益的思考。     

An attempt to objectify the condition of cervical spine distortion injury in traffic accident victims for court purposes

Introduction

According to morphological criteria, cervical spine injuries include, among others, contusion, distortion, luxation and fracture. Distortion of the intervertebral articulations occurs when the force of movement exceeds the physiological range, and the articular/joint capsule, cartilage and ligaments are damaged. While within the articulation a haematoma is formed, which produces clinical manifestations such as localised idiopathic pain, tenderness to palpation and analgesic limitation on both the passive and active joint mobility (i.e., a syndrome of subjective painfulness), as reported by the patient, the diagnostic imaging techniques (i.e., regular radiograph pictures) typically applied in such cases do not show any post-traumatic changes. Distortion of the cervical spine, resulting in a post-traumatic feeling of pain, usually occurs indirectly as a result of transmission of the force of injury onto the spine, as in the case of a traffic accident. Frequently, in cases of abuse, arriving at a hasty clinical diagnosis of post-traumatic cervical spine distortion apparently presents a serious problem in giving medical opinions for court purposes; thus encouraging the authors to attempt objectifying the condition of cervical spine distortion.

Methods

In a retrospective investigation, the authors analysed the medical opinions given by the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, for court purposes.

Results

Among nearly 5500 opinions in the past 5-year period, we analysed 167 cases related to cervical spine injury.

Conclusions

An attempt is made to either substantiate or negate the clinical diagnosis issued for court purposes by assessing the following: the findings of the physical examination of the person involved, the condition of the person involved in the accident from the period prior to accident (radiograph findings confirming the level of the already existing degenerative changes; age and sex of the person involved; positive or negative history of injuries sustained prior to accident), the course of treatment after the accident (character of symptoms reported and their evolution with time; co-existence of other bodily injuries; outpatient treatment instituted, including the application of Schantze collar, rehabilitation) and also the circumstances in which the accident occurred.     

网络民意需重视，更需甄别——以立法引入网络民意为例

网络已经成为民意表达的重要渠道,并深刻影响当代中国的社会生活。在立法中引入网络民意,既能有效引导网络舆论,又能充分扩展立法过程的公众参与。但网络民意是否能真实、客观地反映民意,其本身还需要建立有效的甄别机制。