论日本女训中的儒家女性观

受中国女训影响,随着儒家思想的兴盛以及封建家制度的确立和完善,日本女训在近世得到了广泛的发展和普及。对男尊女卑等儒家女性观的吸收和借鉴是日本女训最为鲜明的特色之一,但这种借鉴并不是全盘照搬,而是根据日本的社会现状,有选择地加以模仿。探讨其中所体现的儒家女性观,有利于我们把握当时日本女性的生存状况及其对当今日本女性社会地位的影响。     

以共享促共生:疫情冲击下全球治理转型的中国推进

新冠肺炎疫情作为当今世界面临的最严峻的全球性问题,其应对最有效的路径仍是全球治理。危机之下人类社会的存续需要超越私利实现国家间共生。相对于西方传统的全球治理理念,中国方案基于对疫情下全球化时代的共生性判读,明确了推动构建命运共同体的共生型全球治理目标,推动全球治理转型从消极共生向积极共生实现结构优化。然而,依靠共生自身升级的滞缓性与现实需求的迫切性之间存在矛盾,"共生"在资源分配、认同建构以及合作实现等方面并不具备必然性,无法为现实问题的解决提供普遍化的标杆与规范,需要借助"共享"的理念工具进行有效助推。具体来说,就是以共生关系的主体性、共生纽带以及共生底线为出发,从资源配置的优化、主体认同的强化以及和谐包容的价值引领三方面着手,将共享理念融入到人类命运共同体的建构中,并通过中国对全球治理转型的过程参与,有效实现共享从理念引领到现实助推的功能转换,为新型的共生型全球治理模式的良性运作提供助力。     

Economics and Law of Works of Art in the Single European Market

This paper is concerned with the economic analysis of the European rules on the circulation of works of art. After reviewing the relevant literature, an economic framework of the international circulation of works of art is provided (social goals, efficiency and distributive aspects, an economic rationale for a general free trade rule integrated by selective protectionism). Using this framework the European system of circulation of works of art—resulting from the combination of the Maastricht Treaty with Regulation 3911/92 and Directive 93/7—is analysed. The main results of the analysis are: 1) the general free trade principle ruling the Single European Market is strongly limited by rules protecting national artistic heritages of member states; 2) this protectionism—working towards countries both outside and inside the European Union—is applied according to the national laws of each member state, while, contrary to what the Maastricht Treaty would call for, an artistic heritage of European significance is not defined and no autonomous role is recognized in this field to European Institutions; 3) this system shows some inconsistencies with economic theory, as strict limits to trade are not provided when they should be required by the preservation of the physical or artistic integrity of works of art, while in other cases an unduly restrained trade may derive from highly protectionist national laws and export-licencing policies of member states. Enforcement provisions are also analysed and some proposals to improve the system are advanced.     

Jurisprudential Dilemmas of European Law

Making a first sketch of philosophical issues arising fromEuropean Community law I want to present a series ofmore or less obvious, and more or less interrelated dilemmas,or even double binds.(i) Deepening the community becomes incompatible withwidening membership. (ii) National states seem bothnecessary for and obstructive in articulating transnationalproblems. (iii) The more democracy is needed as a warrantfor the public exercise of political power in Europe, themore the very concept of democracy on a European scaleevades understanding. (iv) European unity presupposes aunifying rule of law, while member states have radicallydifferent conceptions of this principle. (v) Even the verycore of European integration, the common market, is subjectto two conflicting and, indeed, incompatible doctrines ofcompetition. In explaining the nature of each dilemma I willtry to take my cue from the Maastricht Treaty wherever thisseems suitable. Then I will elaborate on the jurisprudentialproblems involved in it. Finally, each section will be closedby an attempt to state the nature of these problems inphilosophical terms.     

坚持事实与价值的统一促进人与自然和谐发展

人类社会发展是人与自然、人与人和谐发展的过程,而在以往事实与价值冲突的机械发展观的指导下,人类陷入只关心自身利益、忽视客观规律的发展困境。这有着深刻的认识论根源。当前,我们要注意做到以下几点:合规律性与合目的性的统一;社会选择与个人选择的统一;生态效益与生态公平的统一,真正使事实与价值协调,促进人与自然、人与人的和谐发展。     

人心肌梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T脱失的免疫组化观察

目的 观察人梗死心肌中心肌肌钙蛋白T的脱失情况，探讨其在人心肌梗死死后诊断中的应用价值。方法 应用免疫组化LSAB法，对人心肌梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T的脱失情况观察。结果 人梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T有明显脱失，通过计算机图像分析显示，人梗死心肌肌钙蛋白T的脱失面积与正常人心肌之间存在显著性差异(P＜0.01)。结论 心肌肌钙蛋白T(CTnT)可能成为人心肌梗死的诊断指标之一。     

邓小平执政党建设思想与中国共产党执政合法性的维护

以邓小平同志为核心的党的第二代中央领导集体,结合世情国情党情的新变化,围绕着"建设一个什么样的执政党,怎样建设这个执政党"这一根本问题进行了有益探索,形成了适合中国国情的执政党建设思想,成为新时期维护中国共产党执政合法性的重要理论依据.     

对社会治安防控体系建设理论与实践的思考

构建社会治安防控体系是公安机关适应新形势下治安工作的战略性举措,对其理论与实践问题的研究方兴未艾。本文分析了社会治安防控体系的概念及属性和建设的基本要求,研究了现有的三类基本结构模式。     

从《韩非子》看先秦法家的治国思想

《韩非子》集中反映了韩非的政治观点。韩非对待民众、重农抑商、君主专制、以法治国、以术用人、思想控制等方面的言论,代表了先秦法家维护和加强君主专制的治国思想,具有阶级和时代的局限性。从韩非“不法常可”、“世异而事变”的人类历史进化发展的思想,可以总结出有益的借鉴和启示。     

Institutional Change in Swiss Cantons: A Contribution to Describing and Explaining Institutional Reforms

Most accounts of Swiss federal institutions are unable to explain institutional change. In this contribution the authors trace change in Cantonal reforms and then use multivariate explanation models to account for institutional reforms such as New Public Management reforms. The multivariate analyses used rely on an “event count model” to explain the frequency of institutional reforms and a “binary response model” to explain why Cantons adopt New Public Management reforms. This research demonstrates that policy research as well as innovation and diffusion theories can contribute to explaining institutional reform.