THE FIFTH WORLD CONGRESS ON FAMILY LAW AND THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH

Editor's note on the 5^th World Congress on Family Law and Children's Rights held in Halifax Nova Scotia, August 23–26, 2009     

The New Zealand Model of Family Group Conferencing

The Family Group Conference (FGC) originated in New Zealand where it is the foundation stone of the Youth Justice system introduced in 1989. A significant feature of that system is the way in which it enables restorative justice principles to be implemented in an integrated manner in a statutory framework supervised by the courts and applicable to all young offenders throughout New Zealand. FGCs are used both as a diversionary technique (pre-adjudication) and at a (post-adjudication) pre-sentencing stage. In addition this type of model is now being applied in a voluntary way but on a small scale with adults. A significant feature of the FGC model is its greater use of community-based solutions with a consequent reduction in the number of young persons in state institutions.     

农村已婚青年女性自杀现象研究——基于湖北省大冶市丰村的个案分析(1980-2000)

家庭结构及其变动和人们的死亡观念是理解农村已婚青年女性自杀的关键因素。婆媳关系和夫妻关系及两者变迁所呈现出来的双重失衡状态,使得处于劣势地位的已婚青年女性容易走上自杀之路。人们相信死后还有一个存在的世界,并认为在死后的这个世界中,能够看到对造成她们自杀死亡者的惩罚,因而,自杀成为已婚青年女性寻求救助的一种手段。在这两大因素背后,更为基础的社会实践推动了自杀的产生。社会实践现场中自杀后的一系列表达是构成农村已婚青年女性对自杀死亡后进行想象的现实基础。现实生活中这种社会实践的上演与习练,会通过女性意念的投射与模化映置到未来的自杀实践中。     

家庭小说视野中的《行人》

夏目漱石的十年创作生涯正值家庭小说发展、鼎盛的时代。家庭小说的女主人公多为贤妻良母的理想形象,体现了文学与国家意识形态的互动关系。《行人》中的阿直是处于贤妻良母和新女性之间的存在。前者将家庭矛盾的焦点设定于夫妻关系之外,丈夫多关注妻子肉体上的贞操。后者中的一郎则因不能把握阿直的内心和灵魂而苦恼,家族制度的重压酿成夫妻双方的悲剧。     

早期家庭教育应重视幼儿积极情绪的培养

积极情绪有利于幼儿身心的健康发展以及个人的成长,但是在目前的早期家庭教育中,幼儿积极情绪的培养并没有引起家长足够的重视.早期家庭教育应该重视对幼儿积极情绪的培养,早期的情绪教育应该是一种预防性和发展性的教育,而不是在孩子出现情绪问题和障碍之后采取的补偿性措施.     

对《神圣家族》理论重要性的当代性解读

《1844年经济学-哲学手稿》是重新解读《神圣家族》的理论出发点。作为《1844年经济学-哲学手稿》基本理论成果的“感性活动”原则是理解《神圣家族》的理论基点。在“感性活动”的理论境域中,《神圣家族》的真正的理论重要性即刻凸显出来。     

Redesigning the Family Law System to Promote Healthy Families

Family law professionals should be proactive in seeking and implementing constructive reforms. We identify some successful cutting‐edge reforms: (1) family resource centers, where all kinds of needs can be met; (2) informal family law trials, which streamline clogged calendars and provide an empowering and efficient forum; (3) licensed legal technicians, who increase public access to legal services; and (4) unbundled family law services. Second, we outline a protocol for implementation of reform developed by the Oregon Task Force on Family Law which is effective and replicable. Thoughtful reform of dispute resolution processes will serve family health and promote peace.

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• Evolving family constellations, private ordering through pre‐ and postmarital agreements, an increase in self‐represented litigants, and shrinking judicial resources are changing family law dramatically.
• Thoughtful, practical process reforms are needed in order to accommodate these changes.
• Practitioners should be proactive about seeking out and implementing such reforms.
• Some reforms already finding success include family relationship resource centers, informal domestic relations trials, licensed legal technicians, and unbundled legal services.
• We outline a protocol with a proven track record of success for implementing cutting‐edge family law reform.

     

从《南洋商报》讣告文本看战后转型期新马华人家庭形态与社会网络

文章以《南洋商报》(1951—1976)发布的讣告为研究对象,将其分为告知类、吊唁类、答谢类和周年纪念类四种,进而对讣告中所呈现的新马华人的家庭形态与社会网络进行考察分析。这些登载在华文报刊上的讣告,详实记录了20世纪50-70年代转型期新马华人社会文化各方面的情况,尤其对研究该时期新马华人家庭形态与社会网络提供了新的第一手文献资料。     

Vulnerability among paupers: Determinants of individuals receiving poor relief in nineteenth-century northern Sweden

This study combines computerized parish registers with parish meeting records that account for individuals who received poor relief in the nineteenth-century Sundsvall region, Sweden. The combination of sources especially helps to explore the recipients who are overlooked in the literature or difficult to trace in historical data. Their demographic characteristics in relation to relief allocation and experiences prior to it are analyzed and show that they did not only share the occurrence of entitlement. Vast but insufficient family networks failed to give the recipients support to manage their distressed situation. Deaths and births of relatives jeopardized their capability to guarantee subsistence for them or their family, and so did also their gender and phase in the lifecycle. The multi-dimensional concept of vulnerability is employed to comprehend the dynamic determinants of poverty represented by individuals granted poor relief. It is argued that this concept has to be further developed but nevertheless helps to identify and stratify some of the vulnerabilities that characterized paupers in the past.