Sectoral dimensions of Poland's investment development path revisited

The purpose of the present paper is to determine the changes of the sector and industry structure of FDI and to confront the observed patterns with the hypotheses or predictions derived from the IDP model. At the heart of the IDP model lies the concept of net outward investment (NOI). The NOI position (NOIP), broken down by the main sectors and component industries of the Polish economy, is analyzed for the period of 1996–2016. We develop a conceptual framework of the sectoral shifts in the composition of NOIP along its different stages. Subsequently, our panel regression analysis indicates that the relative share of a sector in inward and outward FDI stocks is positively related to its level of technological intensity and its level of service intensity.     

Foreign aid,democracy, and gender quota laws

Why do so many developing countries have gender quota policies? This article argues that foreign aid programmes influence developing countries to adopt policies aimed at fulfilling international norms regarding gender equality. This relationship is driven by two causal mechanisms. On the one hand, countries may use gender quotas as a signal to improve their standing in the international hierarchy, possibly as an end unto itself, but more likely as a means towards ensuring future aid flows. On the other, countries may adopt gender quotas as a result of successful foreign aid interventions specifically designed to promote women’s empowerment. I test these two causal mechanisms using data on foreign aid commitments to 173 non-OECD countries from 1974 to 2012. The results suggest that while programmes targeting women’s empowerment may have some influence on quota adoption, developing countries dependent on United States foreign aid are also likely to use gender quotas as signalling devices rather than as a result of ongoing liberalization efforts.     

Economic Policy,Political Constraints,and Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries

As foreign direct investment (FDI) has become increasingly important in the world economy, a large body of literature has emerged regarding the determinants of FDI flows. Some scholars argue that democracy attracts FDI through the mechanism of political constraints, which reduce the risk of negative policy changes. However, the value of policy stability should be conditional on the attractiveness of contemporary FDI-relevant policies. I therefore propose a theoretically more comprehensive argument: political constraints are attractive to investors when the host country policy environment is FDI-friendly, because these political constraints reduce the probability of negative policy changes in the future. When the policy environment is hostile to FDI, on the other hand, political constraints will have little positive effect, and, to the extent they indicate that FDI-relevant policies are unlikely to improve, may even deter FDI. This argument helps explain why the positive relationship between democracy and FDI seems to emerge after a global shift toward FDI-friendly polices. I find robust empirical support for the argument in tests covering more than 100 developing countries from 1970 to 2014, indicating significant effects using a variety of policy and political constraint measures.     

试论艾森豪威尔政府对大陆东南亚的援助政策

NSC5429/5、NSC5612/1与NSC6012等文件是艾森豪威尔政府对大陆东南亚援助政策的纲领性文件,它们包含了该政府对东南亚援助政策的主要原则.本文以上述文件为中心,参照相关美国外交档案,考察了艾森豪威尔政府对东南亚援助政策的形成背景和内容,并从不同的角度对艾森豪威尔政府对东南亚援助政策的特点、影响做一考察.     

Uzbekistan among the great powers

Under the authoritarian regime of Islam Karimov, Uzbekistan has achieved independence and stability by exploiting its natural resources through a strategy of “staple globalism” and by balancing the great powers against each other. Since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, the new regime first distanced itself from Russia and tried regional alliances, then accepted help from NATO, and most recently turned cautiously to Russia (and China). Throughout, Uzbekistan has managed to receive considerable assistance from international agencies and military aid from several outside powers, albeit relatively little private foreign investment, owing to its poor business climate. The country has also handled potential conflicts with neighbors without significant violence.     

国外警察教育模式的几点启示

发达国家的警察教育模式与我国公安院校的教育模式有很多差异,国外警察教育的训练层次化、课程设置、教师队伍建设、学生培养等方面的宝贵经验为我国公安院校探索符合时代需要的办学模式提供了成熟的样本。     

论构建我国刑事非法证据排除规则

非法证据指在刑事诉讼过程中,法律规定的享有调查取证权的主体违反法律规定的权限或者程序,以违法的方法取得的证据材料。在我国刑事诉讼过程中非法取得的证据,主要包括刑讯逼供和以威胁、引诱、欺骗的方法取得的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人口供、证人证言、被害人陈述、鉴定结论;非法收集的物证、书证,非法取得的勘验笔录、检查笔录、视听资料。美国、英国、德国、日本等国对非法方式获取的言词证据和物证的排除规则均有不同规定,这与各国的文化传统、社会犯罪状况、刑事政策以及刑事诉讼目的密切相关。我国刑事法律中严格意义上的非法证据排除规则尚未建立,必须建立我国的非法证据排除规则:绝对排除非法言词证据、原则排除非法取得的实物证据,但特殊情况下也可以采用。     

The Social Sciences and a New Administration

The policy issues confronting the new administration in 2009 can benefit greatly from the results of social, behavioral, and economic sciences research. Climate change, energy, human capital, social, capital, migration, public health, fairness, new technologies, and foreign and defense policy are all issues that the research has addressed. The participation of social scientists in the policy process will enhance the contributions of the research.

Returning to a Sane Foreign Policy

The next president of the USA will surely correct some of the Bush administration’s most egregious policy errors, particularly its gross insensitivity to the rest of the world’s opinions and its extreme bellicosity. To restore trust in American, and to strengthen national security, better diplomacy will be necessary. Strengthening a demoralized and nearly dysfunctional State Department by acknowledging the vital role foreign area experts must play will have to be a major part of the new administration’s policy.

论涉外夫妻财产制的法律适用

对于涉外夫妻财产制这个重要问题,我国相关立法存在重大的缺陷。涉外夫妻财产领域首先应肯定当事人的意思自治,在没有当事人意思自治的情况下,无论为动产或不动产,都应适用当事人的共同住所地法。涉外夫妻财产制应以变迁论为基本规则,在涉及第三人权益时,应适用财产所在地法律。