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571.
Norman Mukasa 《Development in Practice》2017,27(3):354-367
The protracted LRA war in northern Uganda was characterised by the abduction and abuse of an unknown but significant number of girls and women. These girls were forced to carry guns and become wives to rebels, among other roles during captivity. Based on thirteen child mothers’ interviews and eight key informant interviews, the study found that the lives of formerly abducted mothers are tainted with stigma, rejection, and discrimination by in-laws, relatives, and the community, which leads to identity problems and limited possibilities for their integration. Child mothers’ return to school, small business engagement, and social involvement reduced their plight. 相似文献
572.
Giselinde Kuipers Elise van der Laan Elisa A. G. Arfini 《Journal of Gender Studies》2017,26(6):632-648
This article presents a comparative content analysis of gender representation in fashion magazines in Italy and the Netherlands. Updating Goffman’s classic study of Gender Advertisements, we study the intersections of gender, professional role, country and time in media representation. Thus, we combine and confront quantitative content analysis with insights from critical gender studies on polysemy and intersectionality. Analyzing a sample of 5840 images from mainstream, commercial and high fashion magazines published in 1982, 1996 and 2011, we find that gender representation strongly intersects with time, place, and notably: professional role. Models, who represent the specific ‘aesthetic capital’ of the fashion field, are portrayed in highly specific ways. Over time, gender differences in representation become stronger in Italy, while in the Netherlands male and female representation converges towards conventionally ‘feminine’ styles. In both countries, we find increasing prominence of (North-American) Goffmanian gender conventions and a new ‘withdrawn’ gendered style emerging in the early 2000s. This new style employs new signs and conventions to denote gender and professional status: it separates men from women, and models from non-models. Our analysis shows, first, that gender representation does not directly reflect gender inequality. Second, it demonstrates the impact of globalization on gender representation. Third, it highlights the polysemy and cultural specificity of visual signs: gender difference can be ‘ritualized’ and ‘stylized’ in various ways. These diverse gendered conventions intersect with other characteristics, and may convey diverse, and changing messages about the relation between gender and sexuality, power, aesthetics and (visual) pleasure. 相似文献
573.
Gender quotas have shown themselves to be an effective means of getting more women into political office. Less clear is the broader effect of gender quotas on egalitarian attitudes. This article uses a cross-national dataset of 48 countries worldwide to examine the role of gender quotas in the generation of individual-level attitudes to women as political leaders. Firstly, gender quotas appear to improve perceptions of women’s ability as political leaders in countries where they are present, having controlled for a range of individual-level and contextual influences. Second, this effect differs by sex. For women, the presence of gender quotas alone increases their support for women’s political leadership, something theorised as a ‘vote of confidence’ effect. Thirdly, this effect is not dependent on the type of quota implemented and holds for quotas adopted voluntarily by political parties and those that are brought about via a broader legal change. 相似文献
574.
Early childhood education (ECE) has long been recognized as one of the most gendered professions. This paper aims to examine how far ECE can become a space to deliver ‘gender flexible pedagogy’, a concept that incorporates ideas about staff modelling of alternative forms of masculinities and femininities, the value of a mixed gender workforce, and explicit gender teaching within curricula. The theoretical underpinnings of this concept are discussed drawing on data collected in discussions with pre-school teachers in order to understand the potential of this principle and identify how it can be practiced. The paper is based on two different interview based studies, one conducted in an Indonesian kindergarten and the other with Swedish preschool pedagogues. The findings suggest that gendered practices in ECE are rooted in teachers’ implicit gender beliefs influenced by larger socio-political discourses. Early childhood educators must develop an explicit gender consciousness before they can deliver a gender conscious pedagogy. 相似文献
575.
Julia Jiwon Shin 《East Asia》2009,26(2):93-111
Based on the empirical analysis of migrant women employed in the catering sector, this paper examines the gendered and racialised
division in the Korean labour market. Given limited labour protection and the flexibilisation of the migrant workforce in
the labour market, South Korea has been able to reduce possible economic and social costs and, at the same time, enjoy the
benefits of the significant economic contribution of migrant workers. By looking at gender relations and racial discrimination
in the catering sector, and inconsistent government policies, this paper underlines that migrant women are marginalised in
the labour market owing to their ‘multiple vulnerability’ as women, migrants and undocumented workers.
Dr. Julia Jiwon Shin is a teaching fellow in Human Geography at Keele University. She holds a PhD in Sociology from the University of Warwick. Her principal research interests are in interdisciplinary and gender-sensitive approaches to the study of international migration and the transnational division of labour. Her doctoral research examined the social formation of the ‘gendered’ process of international migration by looking closely at different migratory stages of migrant women in Asia. Her research interests also cover the following areas: theories of migration; feminism; globalisation, migration and development; transnationalism; the feminisation of migration; the migrant labour market; gender, class, race and care work; social stratification and citizenship; nationalism and ethnicity; and multiculturalism. 相似文献
Julia Jiwon ShinEmail: |
Dr. Julia Jiwon Shin is a teaching fellow in Human Geography at Keele University. She holds a PhD in Sociology from the University of Warwick. Her principal research interests are in interdisciplinary and gender-sensitive approaches to the study of international migration and the transnational division of labour. Her doctoral research examined the social formation of the ‘gendered’ process of international migration by looking closely at different migratory stages of migrant women in Asia. Her research interests also cover the following areas: theories of migration; feminism; globalisation, migration and development; transnationalism; the feminisation of migration; the migrant labour market; gender, class, race and care work; social stratification and citizenship; nationalism and ethnicity; and multiculturalism. 相似文献
576.
Cady Berkel Velma McBride Murry Tera R. Hurt Yi-fu Chen Gene H. Brody Ronald L. Simons Carolyn Cutrona Frederick X. Gibbons 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(2):175-188
Prior research demonstrates negative consequences of racism, however, little is known about community, parenting, and intrapersonal
mechanisms that protect youth. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study illuminated linkages between positive and negative
contextual influences on rural African American adolescent outcomes. Quantitative results provide support for Structural Ecosystems
Theory, in that the influence of discrimination and collective socialization on adolescent outcomes was mediated by racial
socialization and positive parenting. Parenting and community influences contributed to adolescent racial identity and self
image, which protected against common negative responses to racism; including academic underachievement, succumbing to peer
pressure, and aggressive tendencies. Qualitative results indicate that current measures of discrimination may underestimate
adolescents’ experiences. Adolescents reported racist experiences in the domains of school, peers, and with the police (males
only). Moreover, qualitative findings echoed and expanded quantitative results with respect to the importance of the protective
nature of parents and communities.
相似文献
Cady BerkelEmail: |
577.
Marvin D. Krohn Gina Penly Hall Alan J. Lizotte 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(3):466-480
Changes in the family structure can be very disruptive to adolescents who live in those families. This article examines the
impact of the number of family transitions on delinquent and drug-using behavior. Specifically, the effect of family transitions
is hypothesized to be mediated by problems within the family, school, and peer settings. A sample of 646 boys (73%) and girls
(27%) taken from a longitudinal panel study of high-risk adolescents are used to examine these hypotheses. For girls, little
support is found for the direct or the indirect effect of family transitions on delinquent behavior or drug use. For boys,
however, both forms of problem behavior are influenced by family transitions directly and indirectly through changes in, and
problems with, peer associations. The findings suggest that during times of family turmoil, the friendship network of adolescent
male children is also disrupted, leading to an increase in associations with delinquent others and, in turn, an increase in
problematic behaviors.
相似文献
Gina Penly HallEmail: |
578.
How can parties improve the electoral prospects of traditionally under-represented women? We argue that if a party signals that a single female candidate is of high quality, other women appearing on the ballot with her will receive a boost in support. More specifically, if a female candidate heads a party's list in the district, other women from her party will be rewarded with more votes. We test our reasoning by examining the nomination and election of women in three Free-List Proportional Representation systems where voters can cast multiple preference votes for individual candidates. We find robust support for the finding that when voters receive a signal that women can be quality candidates, they tend to reward additional women with preference votes regardless of their rank on the ballot. 相似文献
579.
Jeff Kukucka Ph.D. Alexa Hiley M.A. Saul M. Kassin Ph.D 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(6):1978-1990
Knowledge of task-irrelevant information influences judgments of forensic science evidence and thereby undermines their probative value (i.e., forensic confirmation bias). The current studies tested whether laypeople discount the opinion of a forensic examiner who had a priori knowledge of biasing information (i.e., a defendant's confession) that could have influenced his opinion. In three experiments, laypeople (N = 765) read and evaluated a trial summary which, for some, included testimony from a forensic examiner who was either unaware or aware of the defendant's confession, and either denied or admitted that it could have impacted his opinion. When the examiner admitted that the confession could have influenced his opinion, laypeople generally discounted his testimony, as evidenced by their verdicts and other ratings. However, when the examiner denied being vulnerable to bias, laypeople tended to believe him—and they weighted his testimony as strongly as that of the confession-unaware examiner. In short, laypeople generally failed to recognize the superiority of forensic science judgments made by context-blind examiners, and they instead trusted examiners who claimed to be impervious to bias. As such, our findings highlight the value of implementing context management procedures in forensic laboratories so as not to mislead fact-finders. 相似文献
580.