安全不可分割：理论内涵与实现路径

安全不可分割是全球安全倡议的重要原则。这一概念经历了和平不可分割、欧洲安全不可分割、俄罗斯—大西洋安全不可分割以及全球安全不可分割四个发展阶段。其理论内核为主体间安全不可分割、安全风险复合体不可分割、全球安全社会不可分割;其实践主张包括自身安全与共同安全、传统安全与非传统安全、安全权利与安全义务以及安全与发展不可分割。全球安全倡议以“均衡、有效和可持续”为基本框架,通过威胁驱动、利益驱动和认同驱动促进全球安全不可分割,进而促进国际社会的普遍安全。安全不可分割原则体现了全球安全倡议的核心价值,是中国为世界和平、繁荣与稳定作出的重要贡献。     

The prosecution of “others”: presidential rhetoric and the interrelation of framing,legal prosecutions,and the Global War on Terror

ABSTRACT

In examining the Global War on Terror, the effects of presidential rhetoric on the framing of terrorism has been well documented. However, little previous work links terrorism and its status as an “othered” phenomenon to differential legal prosecution in a post-9/11 era. Using the Prosecution Project data set, we compared “othered” individuals, as defined by a Muslim, Arab/Middle Eastern, and/or foreign-born status, to “non-othered” individuals charged with terroristic felonies. Furthermore, we subdivided the dataset into three analytical time blocks: the George W. Bush administration immediately post-9/11, the latter half of the Bush administration, and the Obama administration. For the first and third time blocks, we found that “othered” individuals were prosecuted significantly more frequently than “non-othered” individuals. These findings call into question the effect of presidential rhetoric and the national framing of terrorism on the legal prosecution of “othered” individuals.     

The Council of Europe Data Protection Convention reform: Analysis of the new text and critical comment on its global ambition

The year 2010 set an important milestone in the development of data protection law in Europe: both Europe's basic regulatory texts, the EU Data Protection Directive and the Council's Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data (Convention 108), were placed at an amendment process, having served individual data protection for many years and witnessed in the meantime technological developments that threatened to make their provisions obsolete. After briefly presenting Convention 108, the analysis that follows will highlight the Council's data protection system currently in effect as well as developments relating to the Convention's amendment so far with the aim of identifying improvements and shortcomings. While doing this two separate points of view shall be adopted: at first a micro point of view will attempt to identify improvements and shortcomings through an ‘insider’ perspective, that is, judging only the merits and difficulties of the draft text at hand. Afterwards a macroscopic view will be adopted, whereby strategic issues will be discussed pertaining to the important issue of the relationship of the suggested draft with the EU data protection system, as well as, the same draft's potential to constitute the next global information privacy standard.     

Assessing Aid and Global Governance

This analysis argues for a system of global economic, social and political governance in which development aid is part of wider global redistributive mechanisms to foster social progress and development in the twenty-first century. The study provides two arguments in favour of setting up a new system of global governance, and the role of aid in such a new system. First, since in the current international economic system aid cannot cope with adverse external shocks, a new system of global governance is necessary in order to protect LDCs from the volatility of the international economic system. Second, it is argued that a new system of global governance is needed to improve redistribution at the global level to foster social progress and development.     

Global Capitalism and the Transformation of State Socialism

The article outlines the footprint of international economic interests under state socialism, and considers in more detail the economic integration of the postcommunist countries into the world system in the post-1989 period of the building of capitalism. The focus of the article is on the extent of economic globalization of countries and their economic corporations. It is contended that the globalization of capitalist companies and the direct role of global economic forces had little importance under state socialism. Since 1989, policy in the former state socialist countries has been geared to “joining” the world system, optimistically its core. Important differences have developed between the postsocialist states with respect to economic penetration and exposure to the world market. The outcomes have not fulfilled the expectations of early advocates of transformation and entry to the world economy. Although the new member states of the European Union have entered the world economy as formal members of the “core,” they are not economically equal to the dominant “old” members of the EU. In all the postcommunist countries, there is an absence of large scale global companies, of comparable levels of innovation, research and development. Russia is a resources rich country, a “hybrid” social formation containing elements of state economic control, national capitalism, and global capitalism. I conclude that the semi periphery is not a transient category in the world economy; it has potential for persistence and renewal.     

“地球村”能否抹平世界的中心-边缘结构--评麦克卢汉的“地球村”

在全球化、后工业化进程中,“地球村”是一个非常流行的词语,事实上,它已经成为一个用以理解当今世界的学术概念。这个概念是由麦克卢汉提出来的。由于麦克卢汉的作品主要是以文学的形式呈现出来的,没有对这个概念加以明确定义,以至于这个概念流行后,人们往往是在这个概念的表层含义上去加以理解和使用它。其实,这个概念包含着更多和更深的内涵。就现实而言,“地球村”的出现并没有改变世界的中心—边缘结构,反而使中心—边缘结构中的压迫力量得到了增强,而且作用形式也更加直接。应当看到,麦克卢汉所提出的“地球村”是一个比喻性的概念,它对于直观地描绘全球化是有着便于理解和把握的价值。但是,也正是这一优势,使麦克卢汉从“地球村”出发而回到了农业社会的村落那里去了,再一次在人类社会进步的转折点上塑造出一个空想主义的思想体系。     

加强和改进出入境边检工作的思考

经济全球化带来我国口岸人流的高速大幅增长,为更好地适应经济全球化趋势,为人口国际流动提供安全、快捷、便利的通关环境,促进重要机遇期国家发展战略目标的实现,我们要继续深化改革,建立集中、统一、高效的出入境边防检查体制,加强法制建设,整体规划落实,推进科技强警,切实提高边检科技应用水平。