世界粮食危机中泰国粮食政策研究

粮食是重要的农产品,事关人民基本生活和国家经济社会的稳定与发展.今年发生的世界粮食危机让许多国家陷入饥荒与混乱.泰国是世界上重要的粮食生产国和出口国,面对这场"无声的海啸",机遇与挑战并存,泰国政府从容不迫,从维护本国政府和人民的利益出发,着眼于粮食的可持续生产及农业的长远发展,制定出行之有效的粮食政策.这些政策主要涉及保护农民的种粮积极性、敦促利益分享机制的执行、整合农业发展、粮食生产的资金投入和增强国际协商与合作等方面.目前泰国的粮食政策运行良好,可资其他粮食生产国和出口国借鉴.     

Some Aspects of the Principle of " common="" butdifferentiated="" responsibilities""="

The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, one of the key concepts of sustainable development, has dual grounding; the pressures developed countries place on the global environment; and the technologies and financial resources they command. Though the developed countries are reluctant to admit the first grounding, the developing countries have a strong leverage to induce the former to accept differentiated treatment in their favor.Thus, this principle has become to be reflected in some conventions in the field of environment and development. The reflection of this principle takes two forms: one is "double standards" in environmental protection standards as well as their implementation in favor of developing countries; and the other is assistance by developed countries for sustainable development of developing countries. At present, "double standards" seem to be inevitable, but, they must be temporary measures in view of the integral and interdependent nature of global environment. And, in order to overcome these "double standards", the attainment by developing countries of their sustainable development seems to be indispensable. In a substantial number of environmental conventions, developed country parties assume obligations to assist development country parties. However, these obligations are confirmed to "incremental costs" necessary for implementation of the convention concerned, and do not extent to assistance for sustainable development in general. Changing consumption and production patterns seems to be one of the most important aspects of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, since this concept takes issue, for the first time, with the pattern of development pursued by developed countries. However, this concept has much difficulties in translating into international legal terms.Though it may be difficult at present to characterize the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities to be a customary norm of international law, it is surely a basic principle of international law, and as such, may operate as a guiding principle for law-making, as well as for the interpretation and application of conventions in the field of environment and development.     

马克思的“世界历史”理论与“世界历史”的形成及后果

马克思的"世界历史"指的是世界性历史,相对于区域、民族和国家历史而言."世界历史"理论主要是根据时代的发展和资本主义开始全球性扩张的现实而提出的.从实际过程看,"历史"向"世界历史"的转化不仅经过了历时性的进化,也经历了地域范围的扩展.它是一个充满苦难和血腥的过程,是东西方民族国家之间不平等交往的过程;但是它客观上让资本主义文明散布于世界各地.     

气候变化的事实、影响及我国的对策

近一百年以来全球气候以“变”为主要特征,气候变化给人类带来的影响很多是负面的、灾难性的和不可逆转的,我们应当采取适当措施,以减缓其对人类社会,也包括对中国建设小康社会的一些不利影响。气候变化不仅仅是个自然科学问题,它与经济和社会的可持续发展、环境外交、政治乃至战争密切相关。2012年《气候变化公约》的谈判将是我国继入世谈判以后的又一次棘手的谈判。     

哈萨克斯坦参与全球治理的举措、动力及前景

自1991年独立以来,哈萨克斯坦不但成功巩固了国家主权,在政治、经济、社会发展等领域取得了举世瞩目的成就,而且在外交领域赢得了国际社会的高度赞誉,使哈萨克斯坦成为全球治理舞台中最为活跃的中亚国家。在参与全球治理进程中,哈萨克斯坦将自己定位为“有实力的重要地区大国”,奉行以巩固主权独立和维护国家利益为中心的“全方位务实平衡”外交战略,通过建立睦邻友好信任带的“近邻外交”和以伙伴关系为基础的“远邻外交”,拉近与世界各大国及周边国家的外交关系,在国际和地区热点问题上扮演着“沟通者”和“调停者”角色,积极推动中亚地区内部的一体化进程,广泛参与全球与地区性国际组织,在核不扩散和文明对话等领域提出了各种有影响力的倡议,力图将本国的利益和世界的利益融为一体,为哈萨克斯坦的发展赢得了很大的机遇和空间,使哈萨克斯坦在国际社会中的能见度不断提升。作为中亚国家经济发展最为成功、外交最为活跃、国际影响力最为显著的国家,哈萨克斯坦参与全球治理的实践经验值得发展中国家学习借鉴。     

“全球治理”与“建设和谐世界”理念比较研究

本文通过比较分析"全球治理"与"建设和谐世界"理念的异同,研究探索两者之间的相互关系,认为:一、两者都是对全球化深入发展,以及当代国际体系发生深刻变化的反应,并且都否定强权政治;二、"建设和谐世界"是中国融入当代国际体系、参与全球化过程中,为应对全球性问题挑战而提出的,具有中国特色的处理国际事务新理念,同时也与"全球治理"有一定的契合;三、由于"建设和谐世界"的思想基础是马列主义的和平共处国际关系理论,又与建设有中国特色的社会主义紧密相关,且强调传统中华文化的"和为贵"的理念,因此不能简单地认为它是中国的"全球治理"理论;四、"建设和谐世界"比"全球治理"理念更具包容性,因此建设和谐世界不仅能参与"全球治理",而且能超越全球治理。     

俄罗斯在八国集团中的异质性评析

2002年饿罗斯艰难地加入八国集团,但是它与其他成员之间的矛盾重重,在八国集团中的异质性表现越来越突出.八国集团的目标是"自由贸易和民主",根据欧洲智库外交政策中心制定的评估体系进行考核可以发现:俄罗斯的经济规模不利于其加入G8;根据1975年G6成立宣言中列出的承诺与原则,俄罗斯在政治上和经济上都不算是民主和自由的;饿罗斯成为G8成员国是不符合常规的;其他的G8成员国也必须制定出具体的政策,以促使俄罗斯实现其承诺.     

From intergovernmental to global: UNESCO’s response to globalization

Whilst there is an ever-growing literature on the economic and political aspects of ‘globalization,’ at present there are few studies analyzing how intergovernmental organizations have reacted to this phenomenon. This article aims to fill this gap by analyzing the response to globalization of UNESCO, one of the least studied organizations of the UN constellation. Addressing the global orientation of some of the current programs, this article shows how a recent re-evaluation of scientific humanism—the main philosophical framework contributing to the creation of UNESCO—has influenced both UNESCO’s self-understanding and its understanding of globalization. Scientific humanism is a philosophical utopia that couples the advance of scientific knowledge with the diffusion of a common philosophical framework and promotes a universal system of education in order to establish a global community. Based on the philosophical appeal of a culture of peace based on science, humanism and human rights, UNESCO’s representation of globalization represents an intriguing example of how our global future may be conceived and, to some extent, realized.

全球治理的核心--公共精神的构建

全球治理理念的兴起给社会带来了巨大震动。全球治理的核心应该是公共精神,其内涵是“公共意识、公共关怀和公共参与”。鉴于中国在全球治理进程中缺失公共精神的现状,我们应积极构建公共精神,即通过教育培养公共精神,建立完善的法律体制,并在此基础上发展与其他国家间的互利合作,进而推动全球治理的长足发展。     

汽车产业升级研究综述

我国汽车产业的竞争力远远落后于传统汽车强国,将针对这方面的研究以及产业升级的相关理论进行梳理。明确汽车产业升级的概念,从产业集群成长阶段理论和全球商品链两个方面介绍汽车产业升级的理论基础,总结汽车产业升级的不同方式,并从本地化和全球化两个方面分析汽车产业的升级路径,得出汽车产业升级研究的结论与启示。