Accumulating Technology and Location Spillovers Among Firms in Taiwan's Electronics Industry

Using firm-level panel data from the Taiwanese Census of Manufactures for 1986 and 1991 in the context of a modified selection model, we focus on three activities that contribute to the productivity growth of firms in the electronics industry: research and development, direct foreign investment and exports. In particular we address the issue of whether, in addition to the direct benefits of these activities, there are spillovers to other firms within the same four-digit industry or within the same geographical county. Our empirical results indicate that while the survival and direct productivity growth effects of R&D, exports and DFI are positive and statistically significant, intra-industry and geographical spillover effects are consistently present only for the export activity. That is, a firm's expected future TFP is positively and significantly affected by being located in a county and industry with more export activity. In addition, there is some evidence that the indirect effects generated by DFI firms, in the form of location spillover benefits to other firms, are also positive and significant. Finally, the empirical results indicate that the above direct and indirect benefits of the technological activities under study accrue principally to Taiwan's small and medium enterprises, rather than its large firms.     

2011～2012年东南亚经济回顾与展望

2011年,东南亚国家经济保持复苏的态势.随着全球经济形势的动荡,世界经济增长趋于放缓,东南亚国家的经济增长也呈现出减缓的趋势.为应对国内经济的下滑,一些国家开始逐步调整宏观经济政策的方向,实施经济转型和结构调整.在新的国内外经济形势下,2012年东南亚经济发展前景不容乐观.     

财政转移支付对县域经济的影响——基于安徽省截面数据的实证分析

转移支付对县域经济的增长可能存在某种影响,但我国目前的分税制还处在过渡时期,对县级的转移支付制度还没有完全建立起来,理论和实际还存在相当大的差距。在目前情况下,其影响程度有多大,只有通过经验检验才能得出较为可靠的结论。本文选择安徽省截面数据作为研究样本,对安徽省的61个县及县级市的数据进行实证检验。检验结果发现,财政转移支付对县域经济的影响并不显著。转移支付制度不完善、转移支付力度不足和转移支付的去向等方面是其主要原因。     

Measuring Long Term Individual Trajectories of Offending Using Multiple Methods

Criminal career researchers and developmental criminologists have identified describing individual trajectories of offending over time as a key research question. In response, recently various statistical methods have been developed and used to describe individual offending patterns over the life-course. Two approaches that are prominent in the current literature are standard growth curve modeling (GCM) and group-based trajectory models (GTM). The goal of this paper is to explore ways in which these different models with different sets of assumptions, do in fact lead to different outcomes on individual trajectories. Using a particularly rich dataset, the criminal career and life-course study, we estimate a unique trajectory for each individual in the sample using the GCM and GTM. We also estimate separate trajectories for each individual directly using the long time series. We then compare these three separate trajectories for each individual. We find that the average trajectories obtained from the different approaches match each other. However, for any given individual, these approaches tell very different stories. For example, each method identifies a rather different set of individuals as desistors. This comparison highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, and more broadly, it reveals the uncertainty involved with measuring long term patterns of change in latent propensity to commit crimes.

Implications of Treating Family Violence for the Therapist: Secondary Traumatization,Vicarious Traumatization,and Growth

Our study dealt with the positive and negative implications of working with victims of family violence on therapists in terms of secondary traumatization, vicarious traumatization, and growth. In addition, we examined positive and negative changes that the therapists experienced in themselves, their lives, and their families as a result of their work. The research population consisted of 143 social workers employed in the field of family violence, and 71 social workers who were not employed in that field. Comparisons between the two groups were conducted for all of the research variables. The two groups did not differ significantly in levels of secondary traumatization. However, significant differences were found in levels of growth, as well as in levels of positive and negative changes that the participants experienced in themselves, their lives, and their families. Supported by the Schnitzer Foundation for Research on the Israeli Economy and Society.     

明清之际中越关系的演变与抉择

明清更替之际,安南王国作为中国传统的藩属国,面对新朝与旧朝残余分治的局面,其主政的中兴黎朝先是出于恢复"王爵"的要求,与南明政权频繁互动,互相支持。后因南明衰败无望,清朝实际控制了全国局势,加之在其国内对手武氏、莫氏割据政权先后归顺清朝,并获得了封号,中兴黎朝为了确保其于安南国内统治的正当性,无奈地归顺清朝。     

福建省新能源消费与经济增长关系的实证分析

随着城市化进程的不断推进，能源供求矛盾日益突出，发展新能源是缓解这个矛盾的突破口。通过实证分析发现，1978年以来，福建省经济增长对新能源的利用具有一定的依赖关系，并且对新能源消费的带动作用较好。但是新能源对经济增长带动作用的潜能没有充分挖掘出来，新能源的利用水平与经济增长的能源需求仍有较大缺口。因此，我们应在政策引导、资金支持、人才建设的同时，研发具有核心竞争力的新能源技术，为经济建设提供基本驱动力。     

德国经济协调储备金制度之内容与借鉴

德国的经济协调储备金制度由其《经济稳定与增长促进法》集中加以规定,这种储备金制度是克服经济衰退、实现宏观经济调控目标的有效工具,对德国的宏观调控实践及经济的发展发挥了巨大的作用。目前,我国还没有建立起像德国那样能为克服经济衰退随时提供宏观调控资金的“储备金”制度,而在通过财政收入、发行国债和贷款等方式提供资金存在现实困难的情况下,建立经济调节储备金制度非常必要。我国储备金制度的建构可以结合本国的国情并借鉴德国的一些做法,同时应该使之成为一项法律制度。     

从政治整肃到行政规训:新经济政策时期苏维埃政权的知识分子政策

十月革命既是伟大的政治革命,同时也是深刻的"思想革命"以及更为艰巨的"文化革命".新经济政策既是苏维埃政权在经济领域政策的重大调整,也是其在文化政策和意识形态上的重大变化.出于政权安全和国家安全的考虑,苏维埃政权对部分反共反苏知识分子采取了政治整肃、司法镇压乃至驱逐出境的手段,这在当时曾在相当大的程度发挥了积极作用,但同时也遗留下了历史隐患.     

Gender,quality of life,and growth in Asia 1970-90

This paper examines the gender distribution of the benefits of economic growth in several Asian economies from 1970–90. Using Borda rank ordering, we compare the progress made in these countries towards closing the gender gap in well-being. In addition to commonly-used indicators, trends in the ratio of females to males in the population are examined. We explore determinants of changes in this ratio, using regression analysis. The results indicate that gender equity in quality-of-life ratings is highest in those Asian economies that grew the slowest over the period in question. Further, the data indicate that economic growth does not have a significant effect on the female-to-male population ratios for this set of countries. Variables that affect women's bargaining power do, however, have a positive effect on relative female life chances, as does spending on public education.