H5N1亚型禽流感病毒血凝素单克隆抗体的制备及其应用

采用活病毒免疫,常规杂交瘤融合的方法,获得了4株针对H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)A/duck/Shandong/093/2004(A/D/SD/04)株血凝素(HA)的单克隆抗体A8E8、D2F8、A8C8和C3G4。其中A8E8可以与11株不同来源的H5N1AIV发生交叉免疫抑制性反应(HI),具有广谱性。采用间接免疫荧光试验(IFA),用A8E8单克隆抗体测定A/D/SD/04株对COS1和MDCK2种细胞的半数感染量(TCID50),结果显示,A/D/SD/04株在COS1上的TCID50为10-5.33/0.1mL,在MDCK上的为10-7.33/0.1mL。将编码A/D/SD/04株的HA基因质粒与PR8质粒共转染COS1细胞后,用A8E8进行IFA,能观察到特异性绿色荧光,这与鸡胚接种结果相符。表明,用此单克隆抗体能准确地检测到H5重组病毒。     

禽流感二价抗原油乳剂灭活疫苗的研制

以禽流感病毒(AIV)H5N4株、H7N3株为抗原研制了H5N4-H7N3二价油乳剂灭活疫苗,并对其物理性状、安全性、免疫效力、保存期及抗体消长规律进行了检测.结果表明,试验鸡疫苗在免疫后3周到9个月内对AIV-H5N4的攻击均获全部保护.疫苗4℃保存15个月,其免疫效力没有下降.     

Rethinking the Porter Hypothesis: The Underappreciated Importance of Value Appropriation and Pollution Intensity

The impact of environmental regulation on the competitiveness of firms and industries remains a hot topic. Since the formulation of the Porter hypothesis, scholars from different research areas have tried to confirm or deny it. However, despite a vast literature engaging this debate, it remains unclear whether and under what conditions the hypothesis could be considered valid. We believe that this is due to the need to consider some additional factors. The aim of this review is to propose additional and significant themes, namely value appropriation and pollution intensity, to be considered when examining the impact of environmental regulation on the innovation and profitability of firms. Results show that the validity of the Porter hypothesis cannot be proved in any condition, but at the same time, there are additional factors that have a relevant influence on that construct, which can lead to a validation or rejection of the hypothesis.     

Der Billigkeitsbegriff im nachehelichen Unterhaltsrecht

Im ?sterreichischen Ehegesetz stellt der Gesetzgeber zur Regelung des nachehelichen Unterhalts in den §§ 67 ff EheG auf den Begriff der Billigkeit ab, um bestm?gliche Einzelfallgerechtigkeit zu gew?hrleisten. Die inhaltliche Ausgestaltung dieses unbestimmten Gesetzesbegriffes ist aber durchaus unterschiedlich. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht in einer vergleichenden Gegenüberstellung unter Berücksichtigung des Schrifttums und der Judikatur die unterschiedlichen Bedeutungen des Billigkeitsbegriffs im nachehelichen Unterhaltsrecht aufzuzeigen.     

How Local Economic Conditions Affect School Finances,Teacher Quality,and Student Achievement: Evidence from the Texas Shale Boom

Whether improved local economic conditions lead to better student outcomes is theoretically ambiguous and will depend on how schools use additional revenues and how students and teachers respond to rising private sector wages. The Texas boom in shale oil and gas drilling, with its large and localized effects on wages and the tax base, provides a unique opportunity to address this question that spans the areas of education, labor markets, and public finance. An empirical approach using variation in shale geology across school districts shows that the boom reduced test scores and student attendance, despite tripling the local tax base and creating a revenue windfall. Schools spent additional revenue on capital projects and debt service, but not on teachers. As the gap between teacher wages and private sector wages grew, so did teacher turnover and the percentage of inexperienced teachers, which helps explain the decline in student achievement. Changes in student composition did not account for the achievement decline but instead helped to moderate it. The findings illustrate the potential value of using revenue growth to retain teachers in times of rising private sector wages.     

Are Reemployment Services Effective? Experimental Evidence from the Great Recession

We examine an experimental‐design reemployment program implemented in Nevada during the Great Recession that required Unemployment Insurance (UI) recipients to: (1) undergo an eligibility review to confirm they were qualified for benefits and actively searching for work and, if deemed eligible, (2) receive job‐counseling services. Our results show that the program expedited participant exit from UI, produced UI savings that exceeded program costs, and improved participant employment outcomes. Analyses of program effects on the UI exit likelihood show that the program's effects are partly associated with increased participant exit up through the time when program activities were scheduled, reflecting voluntary exit of participants from UI to avoid program activities and disqualifications of participants who failed to meet eligibility requirements. In addition, the program induced substantial participant exit from UI in the period after participants fulfilled requirements and their interactions with the program had ended, suggesting that the job‐counseling services offered by the program may have helped participants to conduct more effective job searches. Our findings provide evidence that reemployment programs that combine an eligibility review with mandatory participation in job‐search services can be effective during recessions.     

无线移动图像传输在应急通信中的应用

随着通信技术的日新月异,各种突发事件的处置难度不断增大,对突发事件现场图像信息的需求也越来越高。因此,无线移动图像传输系统在应急通信中发挥着越来越重要的作用。目前,无线移动图像传输的主要技术各有其特点,同时也有其局限性,因此,我们需要把这些先进的技术很好地结合、利用。     

甘肃棘豆抗肿瘤活性成分的筛选

用甘肃棘豆提取物中乙酸乙酯极性部位、水相部位以及生物碱和非生物碱部位,对荷S180和H22肿瘤小鼠进行了体内抗肿瘤试验。结果,试验4个样品中,非生物碱部位没有抗肿瘤活性,乙酸乙酯部位和水相部位对S180和H22均具有一定的抑制作用,但作用都不及生物碱部位强;各试验组小鼠胸腺、脾和体重变化都不明显。结果表明,各样品试验用剂量对小鼠均无毒性反应。     

H3亚型猪流感病毒血凝素基因在昆虫细胞中的表达及其间接ELISA检测方法的建立

根据GenBank上登录的H3亚型猪流感病毒HA基因序列设计了1对引物,经PCR扩增出HA基因目的片段,并将其克隆到pFastBacGP67C杆状病毒载体上,筛选阳性重组转座载体pFastBacGP67C-H3,转化至含有杆状病毒穿梭载体(bacmid)的DH10Bac感受态细胞,构建杆状病毒表达载体,获得重组转座子rBacmid-H3,在脂质体介导下转染处于对数生长期的sf9昆虫细胞,获得重组杆状病毒rBv-H3,将其感染sf9昆虫细胞,收获目的蛋白。经血凝试验、SDS-PAGE、Western-blot、免疫组织化学分析,结果表明,HA蛋白得到表达,且具有良好的免疫学活性。用表达的HA蛋白作为包被抗原,初步建立了H3亚型猪流感病毒的间接ELISA检测方法,通过对93份送检的疑似猪流感血清进行检测,结果显示,检出阳性率为46.24%。上述结果为建立快速、准确、简便的H3亚型猪流感鉴别诊断试剂盒奠定了基础。     

Only conservatives are voting in the rain: Evidence from German local and state elections

In this note, we use data from different elections in the German state of North-Rhine Westphalia between 1975 and 2010 to show that the Conservatives profit from lower voter turnout at the expense of the Social Democrats. We deal with the endogeneity of voter turnout by using election day rain as an instrumental variable. Our particular contribution is the comparison of municipal and state elections.