On the measurement of low self-control in Add Health and NLSY79

Limited attention has been devoted to the dimensionality of the low self-control scales commonly constructed in two nationally representative datasets routinely used to test self-control theory (SCT) – Add Health and NLSY79. We assess the measurement properties of the low self-control scales by comparing a series of exploratory and confirmatory models that are appropriate for the categorical nature of the observed items, including unidimensional, correlated factors, second-order factor, and bifactor models. Additionally, based on these results we explore the predictive validity of the respective scales on adolescents’ delinquent behavior. The results indicate that the low self-control scales in these data have acceptable levels of internal consistency but do not represent unidimensional latent factors. Rather, scales are best represented by a second-order factor structure. When measured this way, our Add Health scale is associated with delinquency in a cross-sectional context and our NLSY79 scale predicts delinquency longitudinally. This study reveals that low self-control is best conceptualized as a multidimensional construct within these data. The results of this study provide guidance to researchers measuring low self-control in either dataset (or other data sources) and inform the larger SCT measurement literature.     

The Issue of Ethics and Authority for Licensed Mental Health Professionals Involved in Parenting Coordination

We examine the ethics of licensed mental health professionals accepting the authority inherent in binding arbitration when acting as parenting coordinators (PCs). PCs execute their duties under the umbrella of their professional identity and standards of practice. Fundamental differences exist in how the law and the behavioral sciences conceive human behavior and authority, in particular, authority by role and authority by status. Ethical concerns arise when licensed mental health professionals accept the authority to render binding judgments and ask clients to surrender their autonomy through informed consent. We offer recommendations for PCs to avoid these ethical complications.     

Everyday health security practices as disaster resilience in rural Bangladesh

Health security is a relatively new concept in terms of how it is practised in disaster-prone locales. We observed 10 rural households in Bangladesh for four months using informal interviews, field diaries, and observation. The findings suggest that the everyday practises of health security involve the capabilities of “caring for themselves” in resource-constrained contexts. Understanding how households care for themselves prior to and during disasters presents an opportunity to examine how improved health might reduce the effects of disasters, ill health, and poverty. Some interventions are proposed to improve health security for poorer households in general and women in particular.     

卫生法学专业设置现状及人才培养模式探讨

本文对国内外卫生法学专业设置的现状进行了介绍和分析，并从适应医疗卫生事业发展、满足卫生执法实际需要的角度出发，对卫生执法人才的培养模式进行了探讨，提出了最佳的解决方案。     

北京市基层卫生监督机构人力资源配置公平性研究简

卫生监督机构是依法履行政府职能的卫生专业执法机构,其职能履行直接关系到人们的健康以及合法的卫生权益。卫生监督人力资源配置的公平性很大程度上决定了卫生监督执法工作的成效。本文通过描述分析2011年北京市基层卫生监督人力资源配置状况;运用基尼系数、集中指数测量、比较北京市基层卫生监督人力资源公平性,系统评价北京市基层卫生监督人力资源配置公平性,为政府科学、有效配置卫生监督人力资源提供决策参考。     

基于循证卫生决策的杨浦区卫生监督协管服务范围扩充研究简

本研究基于循证卫生决策,综合多种证据,通过咨询专家、管理者及相关人员意见,结合杨浦区现状,参考其他省市的经验,并对历年相关监管数据进行归纳、分析,将证据有机结合,探讨将卫生监督协管服务范围扩充至公共场所信息排摸等方面的必要性和可行性。     

公共卫生框架下的卫生监督及其法制工作内涵简

卫生监督工作是公共卫生事业的一个组成部分,在实现公共卫生目标的同时,应当具备＂自我进化＂的能力。这种能力是公共卫生事业不断向高水平发展的重要因素,其动力来源在很大程度上依赖于卫生监督法制工作在正确的方向上有效运转。传统视角下对卫生监督法制工作内涵的解读有其局限性,本文在把握卫生监督与公共卫生之间的关系,以及重述、分析卫生监督过程的基础上,从解读立法、审视立法、反馈立法三个新的视角尝试探讨卫生监督法制工作的内涵。     

卫生行政执法案卷评查制度的应用与效果(上)

基于从事卫生法制工作及案卷评查工作的多年经验,梳理有关卫生行政执法案卷评查的目的、意义、方式方法。以行政处罚案卷为例,简要介绍案卷评查的内容、标准及需要重点关注的问题,希望能为今后的卫生行政执法案卷评查工作提供参考。     

日本法上的劳动者人格保护—以劳动者健康隐私为中心

劳动者人格保护是现代劳动法上的重要内容。从以恢复劳动者之对等人格的集体劳动法律发展伊始,劳动者如何获得法律上"人"之对待,是促使劳动法发展演进的动力来源之一。我国劳动法上的劳动者人格研究甚少,基本停滞于"劳动者尊严"的保护原则宣誓上,其中,劳动者的健康隐私,在近年社会运动过程中获得了反歧视法上的保护。然而,无论是何种劳动者隐私,均属于劳动者人格权的范围,应当从劳动者人格权保护上予以正视。以日本劳动者人格保护中的健康隐私保护为例,其在实体法和判例法上的经验,可为我国劳动者人格保护问题的研究深入提供借鉴。     

维护失业女工的生育保险权益——各省市《失业保险条例》和《生育保险条例》研究

目前中国只有部分省市在其《失业保险条例》或《生育保险条例》中明确保证了失业女工的生育保险权益,大多数省市还不能明确保证,不利于维护失业女工的生育保险权益。国家颁布的《失业保险条例》或《生育保险条例》应该确保失业女工享受生育保险,各地在制定出台相关规定时,也应该主动关照失业女工的生育保险权益。