Comparison of a Multidimensional to a Unidimensional Measure of Public Service Motivation: Predicting Work Attitudes

Significant research has been conducted to understand public service motivation (PSM) in the past decades using either multidimensional or unidimensional measures. This creates uncertainty in the review process about whether findings using one approach hold when other measures are used. PSM research faces the challenge of developing a better understanding of different PSM measures and the relationships between them. This paper compares a multidimensional to a unidimensional measure of PSM, assessing the predictive validity of PSM on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and person–organization fit. The empirical test shows that there is no significant difference in the predictive capacities of PSM on the work attitudes within the data set when using the different PSM measures. It provides some evidence that unidimensional and multidimensional measures of PSM are of comparable utility, at least within the data set used.     

不动产登记申请的法理与规则

登记申请是不动产登记的主要启动机制。申请行为本质上为有相对人的表意行为,但不属于法律行为,具有程序法行为的特质。登记申请应当实行到达生效主义,不能撤销但可以撤回,撤回登记申请须在登记完成前进行。登记申请的主要效力在于对登记机关的形成力、对登记程序的启动力、对物权变动的彰显力、对登记顺位的预定力。因虚假的登记申请资料引致的登记错误,登记机关应当对受害人承担赔偿责任,尔后向登记申请人追偿。     

试论我国期货市场监管模式的选择

期货市场是所有金融市场中风险最大 ,最需要进行监管的市场。从期货市场发展看 ,它同监管是密不可分的 ,没有政府的监管 ,就没有当今世界健康的期货市场。我国期货市场起步晚发展快 ,因此 ,建立适合我国的期货市场监管体系是非常必要的。这一体系的目标模式应该是 :在政府集中统一监管下 ,充分发挥市场自律组织的作用 ,即把政府监管与市场自律监管结合起来。     

Livestock livelihoods compromised: the dilemma of the Fast Track Land Reform and Resettlement Programme in Matabeleland South,Zimbabwe

This article attempts to unravel the rubric of livestock rearing in Southern Matabeleland in the aftermath of the Fast Track Land Reform and Resettlement Programme (FTLRRP). It also shows how livestock rearing has been placed high in livelihood rankings in this region. The article is based on a detailed ethnographic study of the impact of the FTLRRP in the decade 2000 to 2010 in Gwanda and Umzingwane districts, and is an extract of my PHD thesis entitled ‘Visible hectares, Vanishing livelihoods’. The broad argument of the thesis is that the land reform programme has achieved change of commercial land ownership patterns from ‘white’ to ‘black’ Zimbabweans. The programme however has not coupled that with the support necessary to improve the livelihoods of the majority of people in the region. One of the impediments is that the state-crafted ‘one size fits all’ resettlement model failed to take cognisance of the socio-economic and ecological conditions of different provinces in the country. Hence the argument in this article is that the FTLRRP could have improved livelihoods of people in this region if livestock rearing was given priority and support by the state.     

短时交通流预测模型综述

交通流预测在智能交通系统中一直是一个热闹的研究领域，几十年来，专家和学者们用各种方法建立了许多相对而言精确的预测模型。本文在提出来交通流短期预测模型应具备的特性的基础上，讨论了几类主要模型的结果和精确度，并对交通流预测领域今后的发展趋势作出展望。     

Generation effects? Evolution of independence–unification views in Taiwan, 1996–2016

The landslide victory of the Democratic Progressive Party in Taiwan's 2016 presidential and legislative elections is often interpreted as a persistent swing in attitudes toward cross-strait relations and Taiwan independence. Popular as this interpretation may be, it still runs the risk of mistaking a short-term reaction to a lame duck president's policy performance for a long-term change in attitudes.This study analyzes the evolution of independence–unification (IU) views in the Taiwan population from 1996 to 2016. After reviewing the literature on political generations in Taiwan, I hypothesize that a long-term cohort succession replacing older prounification generations accounted for the evolution toward proindependence views. By pooling six independent face-to-face surveys into repeated cross-sectional data, this study applies a comprehensive multilevel cross-classified random-effect model of age–period–cohort analysis. Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation results confirm that, besides age and period effects, younger cohorts and the 1999 Taiwan-centered high school curriculum have had significant effects on the change in trends in IU views.     

构建社区社会工作“生态系统”--嵌入社区治理三种社工模式比较研究

作为欧美国家的一个专业职业,社会工作自引入我国以来,一直是嵌入在已有的本土行政化社会管理和服务体系中,并受其形塑。通过比较同一社区中三类社工嵌入模式及其在社区治理中的不同结果,发现这三类嵌入模式在自主性、专业性、社会性方面各有优劣,构成了社区社会工作的“生态系统”。如果三类社工能够通过合作“扬长避短”,则可以实现多元社区善治;然而目前之所以出现行政化依附等现象,恰是因为三类社工的地位不平等,以及无法在服务理念、工作方法以及工作目标等基本问题上达成共识。因此,可以从平衡社区社会工作“生态系统”的角度改善政策,以达到去行政化的效果。     

Debt crisis of the less developed countries and the transfer debate once again

In the perspective of substantial amount of net transfers from the debtor less developed countries (LDCs) to the creditor developed countries (DCs) in the recent debt crisis years, there is a renewed debate (that started in the context of German reparation payments after the First World War) on the question of transfer burden of debt. The present study assembles some evidence to show that the LDCs in general expanded their export‐volumes and faced losses in their export unit values in the process of their debt repayments. Many LDCs faced this transfer burden of debt irrespective of whether their export drive was in the field of primary products or manufactures. Thus the Keynesian analysis for German transfer problems seems to be relevant in the context of the present experience of the LDCs. For some debtor countries, the ‘insoluble’ transfer problem mentioned by Keynes exists as they are facing ‘Fisher's paradox’: The more the debtors pay, the more they owe.     

The UK's Prudential Borrowing Framework: Professional Discipline and Control

Since 2004, governance and accountability arrangements for UK local government borrowing under the new Prudential Borrowing Framework (PBF) have been based on the professional discipline and control model of governance. It supplements the earlier centralised discipline and control model whereby municipal borrowing had to be specifically approved by central government and provides an alternative to Private Finance Initiatives (PFIs) and Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) for capital procurement. Incorporating a case study of the use of PBF by Glasgow City Council, this paper considers the strengths and weaknesses of the PBF as a control mechanism for borrowing.     

Models of Public Service Provision—When Will Knights and Knaves Be Responsive to Pawns and Queens?

This article extends the framework of Le Grand (2003 Le Grand, J. 2003. Motivation, agency and public policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar], 2010 Le Grand, J. 2010. Knights and knaves return: Public service motivation and the delivery of public services. International Public Management Journal, 13(1): 56–71. [Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) to encompass responsiveness, and the main argument is that the combination of employee motivation, user capacity, and models of public service provision potentially has serious implications for responsiveness across service areas. Although research on employee motivation thrives, especially in the public service motivation (PSM) literature, few studies have investigated user capacity empirically, and we know little about the combination of PSM, user capacity and models of service provision. Analyzing four central service areas (day care, schools, hospitals, and universities), we find variations in both user capacity and PSM. Taking this variation as a point of departure we discuss what implications different combinations of employee motivation, user capacity, and models of public service provision may have for responsiveness.