Security culture,transnational challenges and the Economic Community of West African States

This special issue explores how one particular regional organisation, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), has defined certain transnational issues as security threats and how it has addressed them. In this introductory article, we begin by providing an overview and analysis of some of the most important transnational security challenges facing West Africa. Specifically, we discuss some of the problems raised by cross-border insurgencies, health challenges, organised criminal activities, terrorism and environmental degradation. We then examine the different levels at which actors have responded to these challenges. The section ‘Security culture: shaping the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) response?’ sets out our approach to thinking about the concept of security culture and asks whether it might be relevant to understanding how and why ECOWAS has focused on responding to certain transnational security challenges and not to others. The final section provides an overview of the other articles in this issue.     

Virtual regionalism,regional structures and regime security in Central Asia

The failures of regionalism and regional structures for cooperation between the five CIS Central Asian states are well studied. However, explanations so far do not convincingly account for the apparent enthusiasm of these states for the macro-regional frameworks of the Eurasian Economic Community, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. This article argues that, as with previous efforts at Central Asian regional self-organization, these broader organizations still largely represent a form of ‘virtual regionalism’. But for the Central Asian states they offer a new and increasingly important function, that of ‘protective integration’. This takes the form of collective political solidarity or ‘bandwagoning’ with Russia (and China in the SCO) against processes and pressures that are perceived as challenging incumbent leaders and their political entourage. A primary motivation for Central Asian leaders' engagement in the EAEC, CSTO and SCO, therefore, is the reinforcement of domestic regime security and the resistance of ‘external’ agendas of good governance or democracy promotion. These goals are concealed behind a discourse that denigrates the imposition of external ‘values’ and continues to give pride of place to national sovereignty. This offers little to overcome the underlying fractures between states in Central Asia.     

民族落后地区化解社会不和谐现象的对策探讨——以广西为例

在民族落后地区社会经济发展过程中,城乡差距与贫富差距仍在扩大、社会分配不公之矛盾比较突出、医疗卫生事业薄弱、扶贫开发任务艰巨、就业岗位供给不足和就业结构性矛盾突出、人民群众的内部矛盾日渐突出、社会稳定与公共安全形势依然严峻等方面问题仍在相当程度上不利于和谐社会的构建。鉴此,现阶段也就有必要加快经济发展和新农村建设步伐,不断夯实化解社会不和谐现象的物质基础;努力完善社会保障体系,积极构建起和谐社会建设所需要的社会安全网;畅通利益诉求渠道,广泛开展平安建设,以便形成化解不和谐现象的社会基础。     

试论治安秩序的特性

维护治安秩序的关键是要了解治安秩序的特性。治安秩序具有主观性和客观性、稳定性和协调性、目的性和持续性、变化性、具体性和抽象性等特性。认识和掌握这些特性对治安学学科发展和具体治安实践具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。     

加强领导干部作风建设推动公安教育健康发展——关于公安院校领导干部作风建设的几点思考

公安院校作为培养公安事业接班人的摇篮,领导干部的作风如何,直接关系到人才培养质量和公安事业的兴衰成败。认真学习领会中纪委第七次会议精神,充分认识新的历史条件下加强领导干部作风建设的重大现实意义和深远历史意义,以思想作风和学风建设为前提,以工作作风和领导作风建设为核心,以生活作风建设为重要内容,从教育、监督、制度三个关键环节入手,建立健全领导干部作风建设的长效机制,全面加强和改进领导干部作风建设,引领公安教育事业持续协调健康发展,既是一个重大的理论课题,更是一项严肃的政治任务。     

论我国刑法中公共安全的内涵及其认定标准

目前刑法学界关于公共安全的内涵界定的各种观点,都狭于我国刑法关于危害公共安全具体罪名的立法精神。我国刑法规定的公共安全的内涵应当是指"不特定或者多数人的生命、健康、财产安全,重大公私财产安全,重大生产安全,公共生活安宁以及重大公共利益的安全"。危害公共安全的认定标准是两个方面的有机结合:行为本身的高度危险性和行为危害结果"不特定"或者"多数"的客观可能性。这种判断标准是行为无价和结果无价的相互结合。     

教育设施重大安全事故罪的主体及其主观方面探讨

本文根据刑法第 1 38条规定的精神 ,从法理与司法实践相结合的角度 ,对教育设施重大安全事故罪的主体范围、“明知”要素的含义及罪过形式问题进行了比较细致、深入的分析 ,并提出了作者自己的一些见解。     

Economic Reform and Social Change in China: Past, Present, and Future of the Economic State

China's socioeconomic crisis before 1978 and its success over the past two decades can be viewed as a zigzag process of politicization and depoliticization of the economic state. By summarizing the Chinese experience, this article shows the importance of a specific pattern of general public policy (GPP) in determining the nature of a policy system. China's economic and serialized reforms since 1978 are reviewed in order to illuminate the current situation and future direction of the nation. The changes have undermined the economic state by creating a trend of de-economicization in the Chinese government. If economic reform and social change are to continue smoothly, another transfer of state emphasis to more balanced development is required.     

网络政工：公安思想政治教育工作的新视野

网络技术的发展与应用对公安思想政治教育工作而言是机遇与挑战并存。把握机遇,迎接挑战的最佳结合点是重视网络阵地建设,开展网络思想政治教育工作。推进公安机关网络思想政治教育工作,应该在确立网络阵地意识、构建网络平台、网上网下联动、造就网络思想政治教育行家里手四个方面下功夫。     

言息公开法中的国家安全例外浅议

国家安全例外是信息公开法公开例外的一种。国家安全例外可以细分为国家安全、国家防卫、国际关系和对外承担保密义务的信息。国家安全例外的保护机制有损害测试、公共利益测试、部长否决权制度、存在与否机制等。我国应在未来的信息公开法中对国家安全例外进行立法,通过严格界定国家安全,引入损害测试、公共利益测试和存在与否机制来对国家安全例外进行周到保护,并同时实现信息公开的最大化。