Experimental Evidence on the Impacts of Need-Based Financial Aid: Longitudinal Assessment of the Wisconsin Scholars Grant

We conduct the first long-term experimental evaluation of a need-based financial aid program, the privately funded Wisconsin Scholars Grant. Over multiple cohorts, the program failed to increase degree completion and graduate school enrollment up to 10 years after matriculation. The program did reduce time-to-degree for some students and modestly increased the number of STEM degrees earned. The lack of robust effects raises important questions about the conditions necessary for financial aid to benefit students.     

Dis-Assembly Lines: gestures,situations, and surveillances

In “Americanism and Fordism,” Antonio Gramsci offers a brief meditation on the gestural performances of assembly-line workers who, rather than become subordinate to the disciplinary flow of the machine, cultivate perfectly timed gestures that allow workers to hide in plain sight: or, in other words, to inhabit the scene of management otherwise. Rather than extend Gramsci's investment in virtuosic, masterful performances of gesture, this article considers the potentiality of gesture through Lucille Ball's and Tehching Hsieh's performances of bad timing. As different as these performances are in terms of genre and historical situation, each uses gesture as a technique to performatively divide the labor process, producing fleeting temporalities of waste within rhythms marshaled toward production and accumulation. While it tracks the effects of these itinerant gestures, this article reconsiders the oppositions between productive and reproductive work, rationality and emotionality, and work and home that sustain Gramsci's theory, as well as how the collapse of such oppositions introduces alternative historical and artistic trajectories into theories of precariousness.     

20世纪国际关系领域的基准时间:历史视角中的三次世界大战

基准时间是宏观历史过程中的临界点,标志着一连串的重大变革可能会在较长时间内延续。基准时间具有九条标准,可以分为一等基准时间、二等基准时间和三等基准时间。20世纪的基准时间主要包括三次世界大战(一战、二战和冷战),第二次世界大战前后发生的变革比第一次世界大战和冷战前后的变革都要来得更为深远。将20世纪的三个基准时间置于两个世纪的视角中加以审视,可以突出现代性革命,这种视角能够观察20世纪的三个基准时间在正在展开的"全球性变革"这一大的主题下是否会相互联接、是如何相互联接的。20世纪国际政治的关键事件,都应该被视为19世纪"全球性变革"所引发的发展态势和挑战的后期结果。     

Comparison of two methods for isolating DNA from human skeletal remains for STR analysis

Abstract: The quality and efficiency of a standard organic DNA isolation method and a silica‐based method using the QIAGEN Blood Maxi Kit were compared to obtain human DNA and short tandem repeats (STRs) profiles from 39 exhumed bone samples for paternity testing. DNA samples were quantified by real‐time PCR, and STR profiles were obtained using the AmpFlSTR^® Identifiler^® PCR amplification kit. Overall, the silica‐based method recovered less DNA ranging from 0 to 147.7 ng/g (average 7.57 ng/g, median = 1.3 ng/g) than did the organic method ranging from 0 to 605 ng/g (average 44.27 ng/g, median = 5.8 ng/g). Complete profiles (16/16 loci tested) were obtained from 37/39 samples (95%) using the organic method and from 9/39 samples (23%) with the silica‐based method. Compared with a standard organic DNA isolation method, our results indicate that the published silica‐based method does not improve neither the quality nor the quantity of DNA for STR profiling.     

“Editorials at a Glance”: Cultural Policy,Gender, and Modernity in the World War I Bureau of Cartoons

Cultural policy during the Great War, rather than radiating from the central government, evolved from contemporary culture—propaganda, movies, and mass media. The state was a player, but quasi‐public organizations such as propaganda agencies, non‐state actors like the YMCA, and “public opinion” played important roles. The Committee on Public Information (CPI)—the government's propaganda committee—influenced Americans through books, advertisements, posters, and cartoons. This essay examines two of the CPI's efforts: the Bureau of Cartoons and the Division of Pictorial Publicity. In these materials, we can see the intersection of class‐based notions of gendered idealism and a developing media state's use of a sentimental culture of the Victorian middle‐class to represent and motivate the nation. With staff drawn primarily from advertising agencies and newspapers, the Committee's work shows how the formulation of cultural policy is the result of complex negotiated processes involving state interests, cultural liaisons, and ideological assumptions.     

“罪与罚”主题价值内涵的变迁

“罪与罚”是欧洲学史的一个重要母题,作为欧洲学两大源头的希腊学和希伯莱学在表现这个母题时体现出鲜明的化差异性：希腊学中我们看到的是对“我在”的求证,而在希望伯莱学中我们看到的是对“他在”的求证。中世纪“罪与罚”作为一种宗教理念对人的思想和行为产生深刻的影响,理性的、有节制的生活成为人们的一种自觉选择。陀斯妥也夫斯基则通过对罪的虚化、弱化,强调对罚的自觉担当,强调人面对不合理的外部世界的一种自主选择。至此,罪与罚主题完成了一个循环,由哲学命题回归为哲学命题。     

“九一八”事变与山西民众抗日救亡运动

"九一八"事变使中日民族矛盾成为中国社会的主要矛盾,全国人民由此掀起了抗日救亡的浪潮.山西民众抗日救亡运动也蓬勃发展,直接推翻了国民党山西省党部,迫使阎锡山组织和利用群众运动,为中国共产党抗日民族统一战线政策的形成提供了有力的支持.     

大鼠急性心肌缺血再灌流损伤c-fos mRNA原位杂交实验研究

目的 探讨急性心肌缺血和/或再灌流早期不同时间不同区域心肌细胞内原癌基因c-fos mRNA表达变化,为心肌早期缺血死后诊断提供依据。方法 复制心肌早期缺血模型,大鼠分为正常、缺血及缺血再灌流组。采用原位杂交方法结合图像分析与统计学处理方法研究心肌细胞内c-fos mRNA表达情况。结果 缺血10min再灌流30min,部分大鼠再灌流区心肌细胞胞浆内c-fos mRNA弱阳性反应,散在分布。缺血60min再灌流30min时达高峰,120min开始减弱。正常和单纯缺血组中缺血少于60min组未见有阳性表达。HE染色无明显病理改变。结论 原位杂交法检测c-fos mRNA方法灵敏特异,有望成为一项急性心肌缺血/再灌流早期损伤的诊断指标。     

“苏丹红”给我国食品安全法律体系带来的启示

“苏丹红一号”事件再次将人们的目光锁定在食品安全问题之上。完善的法律制度体系是保障食品安全、维护人民生命健康的重要手段,透过本次“围剿苏丹红”行动中的种种现象,我们不难发现当前我国食品安全法律体系尚存在一些弊端,建立完善的食品安全法律体系是我们亟待解决的问题。     

Zurechnung des Verkäufers bei Einwendung gegen finanzierenden Leasinggeber

Beim mittelbaren Finanzierungsleasing ist der Vertreter einer Verk?uferfirma (= Lieferantin des Leasinggutes), der auch Vertragsformulare der Leasingfirma mit sich führt, auch Mann ihres Vertrauens im Hinblick auf die richtige übermittlung der Anbot- und Annahmeerkl?rungen den Leasingvertrag betreffend. Zur Gew?hrleistung und dem (Nicht-)Bestehen eines Einwendungsdurchgriffs beim mittelbaren Finanzierungsleasing.