Allele frequency distribution based on 17 STR markers in three major Dravidian linguistic populations of Andhra Pradesh, India

Allele frequencies for 15 tetranucleotides and 2 pentanucleotides repeat loci were determined in 317 unrelated, healthy individuals of Andhra Pradesh, India, belonging to three pre-dominant endogamous populations namely, Kappu Naidu, Kamma Chaudhary and Kapu Reddy. Adherence to the expectations of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was confirmed for all loci with few exceptions, which were not significant after applying Bonferroni's correction. Statistical parameters of forensic interest; observed heterozygosity, probability of homozygosity, probability of extact test, power of discrimination, match probability, polymorphism information content, power of exclusion and mean paternity index were determined for all loci. The present study reveals that Penta E and D2S1338 are the most informative loci in all the studied populations. The combined power of discrimination was greater than 0.976, whereas the cumulative power of exclusion gave an expected value of 0.9999 for all the tested microsatellite loci. No difference was observed in the discriminatory power of 15 loci in studied populations on comparison with other populations of India. Population differentiation tests revealed significant differences between the studied and neighboring populations at several loci. Analyzed parameters indicate the utility and efficacy of the studied 17 STR systems as a powerful tool in forensic human identification, paternity testing and human population genetic studies.     

Detection and Identification of Psilocybe cubensis DNA Using a Real‐Time Polymerase Chain Reaction High Resolution Melt Assay,

Psilocybe cubensis, or “magic mushroom,” is the most common species of fungus with psychedelic characteristics. Two primer sets were designed to target Psilocybe DNA using web‐based software and NBCI gene sequences. DNA was extracted from eighteen samples, including twelve mushroom species, using the Qiagen DNeasy^® Plant Mini Kit. The DNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers and a master mix containing either a SYBR^® Green I, Radiant? Green, or LCGreen Plus^® intercalating dye; amplicon size was determined using agarose gel electrophoresis. The PCR assays were tested for amplifiability, specificity, reproducibility, robustness, sensitivity, and multiplexing with primers that target marijuana. The observed high resolution melt (HRM) temperatures for primer sets 1 and 7 were 78.85 ± 0.31°C and 73.22 ± 0.61°C, respectively, using SYBR^® Green I dye and 81.67 ± 0.06°C and 76.04 ± 0.11°C, respectively, using Radiant? Green dye.     

全国外国法制史研究会第十八届年会综述

就2005年8月在西宁市召开的全国外国法制史研究会第十八届年会上与会学者就其中心议题“20世纪外国刑事法律的理论与实践”提交的一些重要论文及就此展开的学术讨论进行了概括性和综合性的介绍。     

A 26plex Autosomal STR Assay to Aid Human Identity Testing*†

Abstract: A short tandem repeat multiplex assay has been successfully developed with 25 autosomal loci plus the sex‐typing locus amelogenin for a total of 26 amplified products in a single reaction. Primers for the loci were designed so that all of the amplicons present were distributed from 65 base pairs (bp) to less than 400 bp within a five‐dye chemistry design with the fifth dye reserved for the sizing standard. A multiplex design strategy was developed to overcome challenges encountered in creating this assay. The limits of the multiplex were tested, resulting in the successful amplification of a wide range of genomic DNA sample concentrations from 2 ng to as low as 100 pg with 30 cycles of PCR. The 26plex has the potential to benefit the forensic community for reference sample testing and complex relationship evaluation.     

Dienstleistungsrichtlinie und Immobilienwirtschaft

Die Dienstleistungsrichtlinie (RL 2006/123/EG des Europ?ischen Parlaments und des Rates, vom 12. 12. 2006, über Dienstleistungen im Binnenmarkt, ABl L 376/36), die bis 28. 12. 2009 von den Mitgliedsstaaten der EU umzusetzen ist, hat neben ihrem arbeitsrechtlichen Schwerpunkt auch Auswirkungen auf die Immobilienwirtschaft sowie deren rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen. ?sterreich hat durch eine Novelle der GewO 1994 einen der wichtigsten Punkte der DL-RL, n?mlich die obligatorische Berufshaftpflichtversicherung der Immobilientreuh?nder – Nachweis dieser Versicherung bis sp?testens 27. 8. 2008 – bereits umgesetzt. Angesichts verschiedener Vorbehalte bleibt allerdings die Integrationswirkung der DL-RL hin zu einer Europ?isierung des gesamten Wohn- und Immobilienrechts in absehbarer Zeit beschr?nkt.     

The use of Hemastix® severely reduces DNA recovery using the BioRobot® EZ1

Abstract: The choice of reagents for presumptive tests for blood, and subsequent extraction methodologies, can significantly affect both the quantity and quality of purified DNA. Blood samples directly tested with Hemastix^® yielded <1% of the DNA recovered from untested samples when purified using the Qiagen BioRobot^® EZ1 and EZ1^® DNA Investigator kit. Full short tandem repeat profiles were obtained from both tested and untested samples, suggesting that the Hemastix^® reagent(s) affect DNA binding, rather than produce DNA damage. The Hemastix^® inhibition of DNA yield could be overcome by the addition of MTL buffer to the sample prior to extraction. Laboratories may wish to modify current procedures for extracting blood samples, utilize other extraction/purification methodologies, or inform their submitting agencies to avoid direct exposure of questioned bloodstains to Hemastix^® reagents.     

柔嫩艾美球虫地克珠利和马杜拉霉素抗药株与敏感株孢子化卵囊18 S rDNA基因的差异

为探讨抗球虫药物地克珠利和马杜拉霉素对柔嫩艾美球虫18 S rDNA的影响,分别对人工诱导的柔嫩艾美球虫地克珠利抗药株(ETAD)、马杜拉霉素抗药株(ETAM)和药物敏感株 (ETDS)孢子化卵囊的18 S rDNA基因进行了克隆测序,并通过生物信息软件进行对比差异分析。结果显示,ETAM株有3个碱基发生突变(T170突变为C,T646突变为C,G694突变为C); ETAD株有1个碱基发生突变(T646突变为C)。经进一步分析比较,发现ETAM株18 S rRNA 的二级结构与ETDS株的差异很大,而ETAD株18 S rRNA的二级结构则与ETDS株的完全相同。这些碱基的突变有可能是导致E．tenella产生抗药性的原因之一。     

党的十八大以来意识形态建设的伟大创新和基本经验研究

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央把建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态摆在全局工作的重要位置,作出一系列重大决策,实施一系列重大举措,既进行了彪炳史册的创新创造,取得了极其伟大的成就,也积累了丰富的宝贵的历史经验,在实践中不断深化对意识形态建设的规律性认识,为开启全面建设社会主义现代化强国新征程提供了坚强思想保证和强大精神力量。