确立沉默权对侦查工作的影响及应对方略

确立沉默权会带来取证难度加大、增加破案成本、破案率下降等负面影响,但确立沉默权是大势所趋。公安机关应提高对沉默权实施规则的认识,走科技强警之路,大力提高侦查人员的综合素质,积极探索新的侦查模式。     

论广东民系文化优势与民系文化资源开发

广东的三大民系构成了特有的民系文化优势及其正面效应,但民系的存在也形成一些负面效应。建立法制文明,保持民系文化特色,振兴民系经济,改善民系人文风貌,整合彼此关系等是开发利用广东民系文化、构建和谐广东的对策措施。     

检察机关查办农村基层组织人员职务犯罪的法律适用问题研究

社会主义新农村建设使农村经济生活发生巨变,经济利益的刺激加之立法滞后、监督乏力等原因而引发的农村基层组织人员职务犯罪案件呈现出主观恶性深、后果严重等特点。我们认为,在从源头上遏制和减少涉农职务犯罪中,对法律适用的难点和不统一处作系统的分析与评价是必要且紧迫的。本文正是以此为出发点,在对基层检察机关办案部门进行充分调研的基础上成文。以期对立法及实践有所裨益。     

多媒体语音实验室建立的必要性与科学管理

随着计算机技术和网络技术的飞速发展,语音实验室的建设逐渐从模拟化转化成数字化、网络化。文章分析了数字化多媒体语音实验室在外语教学中的作用,以及建立的必要性和科学管理方法,阐明了建立数字化、网络化的多媒体语音实验室是现代外语教学的新趋势。     

The incumbency advantage in second-order PR elections: Evidence from the Irish context, 1942–2019

Do candidates in local elections benefit from an incumbency advantage? And which factors moderate the strength of this incumbency bonus? Analyzing seven decades of Irish local elections (1942–2019) conducted under proportional representation through the single transferable vote, we reassess and extend the mixed evidence on the incumbency advantage under proportional representation and in second-order elections. By applying the Regression Discontinuity Design, we find that the incumbency advantage is at least as strong in Irish local as in general elections, which are conducted under the identical electoral system. We also show that marginally elected candidates in local elections have much higher reelection probabilities when they do not face a high-quality candidate in their local electoral area after getting elected. The findings point to the importance of name recognition as a major driver of the incumbency advantage in local elections.     

Young adults' under-representation in elections to the U.S. House of Representatives

The U.S. House of Representatives has one of the oldest pools of politicians in the world today: the average member of the House is 58 years at the time of their election, which is about 20 years older than the average American. But why are younger adults scarce among these representatives? Here we trace the relative absence of youth in both the primary and general elections of 2020 using a supply and demand framework. Our study finds that (1) the average candidate is much older than the average citizen and (2) young candidates perform less well than older candidates in both primaries and general elections. These results suggest that youth are disadvantaged because the two main parties do not nominate enough younger adults as candidates for winnable and safe seats. Young adults also seem to be disadvantaged indirectly at the electoral stage because they lack electoral capital (experience in running for and holding office) and tend to suffer strongly from the incumbency advantage of their opponents. We infer from these findings that barring reforms to rules governing minimum candidate ages and term limits, the under-representation of youth in U.S. national-level politics will continue for the foreseeable future.     

When do political parties benefit from incumbents’ personal votes? Comparative analysis across different electoral systems

Do political parties benefit electorally from the personal votes cultivated by their incumbent candidates? How do these benefits vary across electoral systems? This paper offers the first systematic, comparative analysis of parties' electoral gains from fielding incumbent candidates. The paper provides a theoretical argument on how the parties' gains from running incumbents vary across electoral systems and examines it empirically using district-level election data in eleven established democracies. The results suggest that the gains are largest in the multimember district systems that allow voters to determine the intra-party rank of candidates, but these gains decline as district magnitude grows. There are also gains in the single-member district systems, but no gains, or small gains if any, in the multimember district systems that don't allow voters to determine the candidates' rank or allow it only partially. The findings have implications for the cross-system variation in the balance between the collective and individual accountability in democratic elections.     

完善我国土地征用制度的法律思考

当前,随着我国经济建设的发展和城市化进程的加快,对农村集体土地征用的规模越来越大,在征地过程中因征地补偿费争议使得被征地农民和地方政府之间产生了许多矛盾,此外,由于我国对失地农民在制度方面未能建立起完善的安置和社会保障措施,使得许多失地农民往往成为社会的边缘人,从而带来不少社会隐患。应通过在立法上严格界定“公共利益”的范围、将征地补偿原则由“适当补偿”改为“公平补偿”、完善征地程序、建立失地农民就业和生活的社会保障机制等方法解决现行土地征用制度存在的问题。     

加快推进结构调整 实现长春经济跨越式发展

长春市经济结构主要问题是产业结构低度化、调整机制尚未形成、城镇化水平低。只有加快结构调整,才能实现跨越式发展。调整必须确定新的思路,用高技术特别是信息技术改造和提升传统产业,创造新的优势：用信息化和城镇化推动农村结构调整,创造独特优势;调整所有制结构,创造体制优势。长春市经济结构调整和跨越式发展的有利条件包括调整和发展面临难得的历史机遇,调整和发展的空间广阔,物质技术基础雄厚等。     

论大湄公河次区域开发的现状及广西参与合作的意义

澜沦江--湄公河次区域合作开发十余年来取得了较大的就成,次区域各国本着互惠互利的原则,在交通设施、能源与水力、投资与贸易等等方面开展了开发合作.广西以其独特的地缘区位优势,将在我国参与大湄公河流域的合作开发中,发挥越来越重要的作用.