The alternative incumbency effect: Electing women legislators in Indonesia

Between the 1999 and 2009 elections the proportion of national female legislators in Indonesia, the world's largest Muslim majority democracy, more than doubled. While this substantial increase may partly be explained by the recent imposition of a gender quota and placement mandate that have forced parties to increase the number of female candidates, quotas cannot fully explain the strong performance of women in the 2009 elections. First, many parties placed women higher on their lists than the laws required; second, voters appeared to over vote for women in some districts. Although incumbency's typical effect is to inhibit female electoral success by advantaging traditional (male) competitors, I argue that women benefited largely from an alternative effect: female incumbency can improve female candidate placement and electability by demonstrating female capacity and capability. Female newcomers benefited strongly from the presence of female incumbents in their own and bordering districts, thus suggesting a positive diffusion effect of female incumbency.     

我国大调解制度的问题及对策

大调解制度的建立,有利于分流人民法院的诉讼压力,从而使法院能够集中精力处理真正需要通过诉讼方式解决的争端。同时,针对我国大调解制度存在的问题,我们应当首先对大调解进行准确定位,即将其定位于替代性纠纷解决机制的一种,并从机构组织、效力确定等方面、完善我国的大调解制度。     

职务犯罪技术侦查法治程序构建

当前中国腐败现象较为严重,职务犯罪处于高发态势,犯罪手段不断升级,证据获取困难重重,这与检察机关缺乏有效的技术侦查措施有内在联系。可借鉴其他国家的合理做法,完善检察机关职务犯罪技术侦查权,并严格规定其适用范围、审批程序、执行程序和救济程序。相关程序的合理建构,有利于有效收集诉讼证据,落实刑事程序法治,顺应科技强检趋势,对接国际公约。     

我国能动司法若干问题的思考

在当今中国实行能动司法,面临着司法能动与司法克制两种不同司法理念的争论,这场争论直接关系到我国司法体制改革与司法制度建设的历史进程。历史要求我们在中国司法语境下,从法学理论与法律实践的结合上,客观分析能动司法的比较优势,科学做出能动司法的模式选择,深入研究适度能动司法的价值取向。在此基础上,积极探寻我国能动司法的合理途径和科学方式。     

儒家义利观及其当代价值

中国儒家关于义利之辨的话题已探讨了多年,在不同的时代,人们赋予它不同的内涵。随着我国市场经济的逐步深入发展,人们的义利观也出现了很大的变化。本着对儒家传统义利思想批判和继承的态度,结合当今的具体国情,本文试分析市场经济下义利的新关系及正确对待的措施。     

No sorting,no advantage: Regression discontinuity estimates of incumbency advantage in Japan

While the existing literature has identified a sizable incumbency advantage in single-member district (SMD) races in developed democracies, we argue that some political and institutional contexts of Japan's Lower House elections would undermine the incumbency advantage. Our regression discontinuity (RD) analysis indeed shows little advantage, and further examination suggests this as largely due to the “best-loser” provision in Japan's mixed-member system, which gives a loser of SMD competition a chance to be a “resurrected” incumbent. We also show no evidence of sorting – i.e., systematic difference between bare winners and bare losers – in close SMD races and thus add further evidence to support the methodological argument that the election RD analysis is a viable and promising research design.     

中、俄、蒙三国的油气合作

中国处于石油资源相对贫乏的东亚西太平洋区域,总体石油资源不足;俄罗斯东西伯利亚和远东地区的石油和天然气储量丰富,蒙古石油矿藏集中在中蒙两国边界地区,这为中、俄、蒙的油气合作提供了可能,并且从蒙古直接穿过进入中国的中俄石油管道是最近、最安全的线路。从未来发展的趋势看,中国可积极利用俄蒙的资源投资与合作,参与输气、输油管道的建设,拓宽和夯实中俄油气合作的经济基础。     

浅谈图书馆如何适应学院的发展

本文就图书馆如何适应学院的发展,顺应新的形势,为高职教学和科研服务,以及图书馆面临着的困难和“藏”与“用”的矛盾,从提高文献采购质量、强化图书馆内阅功能、调整和延长开放服务时间、改进读者服务工作、认真做好新生教育工作等几个方面联系实际,阐述了图书馆如何适应学院教学工作和科研的发展,紧紧地围绕学院的中心工作,更好地发挥图书馆功能的方法和措施。     

博弈视野下的职务犯罪侦查监督关系

最高人民检察院出台相关规定,确立了职务犯罪案件由上一级检察院决定逮捕的模式。从博弈论的角度看,职务犯罪案件决定逮捕权上提一级的模式实质上是确立了上级检察院侦监部门、下级检察院侦监部门和下级检察院自侦部门的侦查监督三角博弈关系。自职务犯罪案件决定逮捕权上提一级实施以来,司法实践中出现了一些问题,三角博弈关系在现实中处于失衡状态,究其原因在于博弈的前提规则的不完善。有必要重塑博弈规则,完善职务犯罪案件侦查监督的相关措施。     

职务犯罪黑数的解读与控制

职务犯罪黑数是指应当依法追究而未被追究刑事责任的职务犯罪行为数。职务犯罪黑数具有客观性、法定性、隐蔽性、动态性等特征。应当充分认识职务犯罪黑数产生的原因及危害,采取相应对策控制其增长。