威尼斯和法国专利特权与私权的演化机制及其启示

专利制度演化规律向来是专利制度研究的难点问题,而演化经济学中的制度演化理论对专利制度深层次演化动因的研究提供了很好的分析工具。威尼斯专利特权和法国专利私权制度的历史演变验证了这一模型的解释力和可行性。在不同历史阶段,由于技术、经济和文化的耦合程度不一样,专利制度观念可能呈现不同的形式,但专利制度变迁的主角永远是那些根植于制度框架作出反应的、具有权势优势的行为体。他们基于各自的利益目的构造和形塑了具体制度的内容和制度变迁的方向。     

Boundary-spanning strategies for aligning institutional logics: a typology

This article critically examines strategies used by boundary spanners to align the institutional logics of bureaucracy, management and networks in citizen-state interactions. In-depth interviews conducted within the Dutch municipality of Rotterdam reveal that boundary spanners use entrepreneurial, mediation, and hierarchical strategies to align institutional logics. By providing insight into the strategic toolbox of boundary spanners and the perceived effectiveness of these tools, this article enhances empirical understanding of how the interplay between older and newer institutional logics within public organisations takes shape and how boundary spanners make strategic use of hierarchy to overcome institutional barriers.     

简论职务犯罪的演变趋势

职务犯罪已成为影响社会稳定的重要因素之一,因而必须从战略的高度设计预防策略,对其进行综合治理。为此,摆在我们面前的首要任务是了解职务犯罪的发展趋势。总体而言,职务犯罪在一段时期内将呈波浪式上升趋势。但随着公共权力的限制和转移,其上升势头将会逐渐得到遏制。同时,职务犯罪将呈现涉案领域继续泛化,方式更加复杂、多样化等特点。     

Logics of action and models of capitalism: Explaining bottom‐up non‐liberal change

Recent institutionalist scholarship has theorized the liberalization or “disorganization” of capitalism as the result of shifts in economic actors' “logic of action” towards opportunism. Little attention has been given to the reverse possibility that shifts in economic actors' “logic of action” away from opportunism might contribute to “embedding” or “organizing” capitalism. This paper builds on recent scholarship to theorize this scenario and then demonstrate its empirical validity with an historical institutionalist study of the emergence of such a “non‐liberal” institution in Switzerland in 1961. The theoretical framework links three “logics of action” – opportunism, enlightened self‐interest and strong solidarity – to Höpner's typology of capitalist institutions – organized, coordinated, and liberal. It theorizes the interactions between these logics and the social mechanism – goal signaling – that can explain a shift from one logic of action to another, potentially leading to change from one type of institution to another.     

Reforming Sticky Institutions: Persistence and Change in Turkish Agriculture

The recent revival of interest in institutions in development studies favors the analysis of macroinstitutions and questions of institutional origination and change. But a strong emphasis on mid-range, sectoral arrangements, and a refined notion of continuity, can also improve our understanding of institutions in late developers—one by facilitating a thick view of institutions while offering a sharp perspective on the current institutional reform agenda, and the other by casting new light on instances of irregular change and failed or partial reform. The trajectory of Turkey’s agricultural support regime is used as a case to substantiate this argument. Building on an analytic distinction between resilience and persistence, the article explains the dynamic continuity of populist-corporatist forms of market governance in Turkish agriculture, despite the neoliberalism of the 1980s and 1990s and radical institutional reform efforts of the 2000s.

Beyond Boom and Bust: External Rents,Durable Authoritarianism,and Institutional Adaptation in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Drawing on recent critiques and advances in theories of the rentier state, this paper uses an in-depth case study of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to posit a new “supply and demand” approach to the study of external rents and authoritarian durability. The Jordanian rentier state is not exclusively a product of external rents, particularly foreign aid, but also of the demands of a coalition encompassing groups with highly disparate economic policy preferences. The breadth of the Hashemite coalition requires that the regime dispense rent-fueled side payments to coalition members through constructing distributive institutions. Yet neither rent supply nor coalition demands are static. Assisted by geopolitically motivated donors, the Hashemites have adapted institutions over time to tap a diverse supply of rents that range from economic and military aid to protocol trade, allowing them to retain power through periods of late development, domestic political crisis, and neoliberal conditionality.

论国土系统职务犯罪的形势及应对策略——以贵州省为视角

近年来,贵州省国土系统职务犯罪案件的发案率迭创新高,这不仅影响贵州省土地要素市场的健康发展,且有损贵州省的对外形象,对吸引外商、保持社会的稳定与和谐产生影响。于此,通过对其犯罪行为成因进行分析,进而结合贵州省实际,提出行之有效的预防措施委实意义深远。     

交通肇事罪的主体要件新探

交通肇事罪的主体范围自从1997年刑法颁布后,已经从特殊主体扩大到一般主体,从业务过失犯罪转变为非业务过失犯罪。行人、乘客作为交通运输中的弱势人群,对交通运输的破坏力不强,但是在交通运输中同样负有注意义务。如果未能尽到相应的注意义务也可以构成交通肇事罪。单位不直接从事交通工具的驾驶,依照我国刑法的规定,若符合交通肇事罪的要件同样构成交通肇事罪。     

从抗击新冠肺炎疫情看中国特色社会主义制度的显著优势

当前在中国发生的新冠肺炎疫情,是新中国成立以来在我国发生的传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的一次重大突发公共卫生事件。在党中央的坚强领导下,目前防控形势积极向好的态势正在拓展,充分彰显出中国特色社会主义制度的显著优势,并从高度、力度、速度和强度四个维度得到体现。打赢这场战役的力量来源是党的坚强领导和人民立场以及中国特色社会主义文化。中国特色社会主义的制度优势是我们应对新冠肺炎疫情的有利条件和可靠保障,我们必将打赢这场疫情防控人民战争、总体战、阻击战。     

竞争性地区主义与亚洲合作的现状及未来

2008年世界金融危机之后,竞争性地区主义的兴起成为亚洲合作中的一个非常值得注意的现象。不过,竞争性地区主义对于亚洲来说并非一个新事物,而是长期孕育在本地区合作的历史进程中。伴随着特朗普的上台和中美竞争的加剧,亚洲竞争性地区主义出现了新的变化趋向:以经济为出发点的合作导向逐渐让位于安全,国际制度日益成为大国权力博弈的工具,制度竞争的内容也从表面的规范之争迈向背后的理念价值之争。这种变化对中美关系发展、地区中小国家的战略选择、东盟在地区合作中的主导地位以及亚洲合作的前景都造成了不小的冲击。为了防止亚洲竞争性地区主义的发展滑向恶性竞争,包括中美在内的泛亚各国,应努力促使"印太战略"和"一带一路"倡议两大机制之间形成某种程度的兼容共存,避免两者成为完全对抗的国际机制,并在部分特定领域共同为亚洲各国提供必要的公共产品。