应当重申马克思已经实现的方法论超越——以马克思对国家问题的观察为案例的分析

应当重申马克思已经实现的方法论超越。这是因为,一些论者按自己的解释框架“捏塑”马克思的方法论;亦或有在“捏塑”之后宣布对马克思的“超越”,其实是重回马克思已经超越了的旧方法论立场。本文以马克思对国家问题的观察为案例,通过对马克思思想历程的重温,厘清马克思逐个超越旧方法论立场的历史唯物主义方法论生成线索,消解对马克思方法论的种种“捏塑”,澄清在“捏塑”后声称超越马克思的各色方法论立场其实只是已被马克思超越了的旧方法论立场的重新翻版。     

Grounds for self-government? Changes in land ownership and democratic participation in Chinese communities

Do variations in land ownership affect people’s democratic participation? Quantitative, cross-country research on this topic suffers from the non-comparability of regulatory systems and cultures, and the use of crude indicators to identify participation. This study attempts to overcome these methodological problems, by employing indicators of procedural and substantive participation in a structured, diachronic comparison of qualitative data from five sites in China – an authoritarian state, which, however, requires residents of urban communities and villages to participate in ‘self-government’. It examines whether and why changing land from collective ownership to state ownership, and residents’ compensated acquisition of cash and secure, fungible assets, strengthens or weakens participation in self-government. In the research sites, collective land ownership is found to stimulate participation in self-government. Transformation of the land to state ownership and people’s acquisition of private property weakens participation. The robust results of the study support the direction of a causal argument that collective land ownership is conducive to democratic participation. These findings imply that scholars and policymakers should consider the potentially adverse political consequences of changing land ownership. A further implication is that, absent substantial political reform, an urbanized China might be less rather than more democratic at the community level.     

由一起案例引发的关于中国船舶扣押拍卖制度的思考

从审判实践中一起典型案例着手,针对《中华人民共和国海事诉讼特别程序法》关于"死扣押"、"活扣押"、拍卖后船舶所有权登记三方面的规定,分析和论述了现行规定导致"死扣押"存在弊端、"活扣押"操作混乱、法院拍卖船舶所有权登记面临窘境等问题,提出"死扣押"时"应当"通知船舶登记机关、"活扣押"不应限定适用范围、完善拍卖后船舶所有权登记的法律规定的建议,以期对中国船舶扣押与拍卖制度的完善有所裨益。     

Issues of local ownership in Kosovo’s security sector

Local ownership represents an overarching concept in international development. However, its core principles have been occasionally neglected in the practice of state-building such as in the case of Kosovo. This paper explores relations between the international community and local actors in the process of Kosovo security sector development after 2008, when the country declared its independence. This article finds that externally-driven models were imposed in some phases of security sector development. The actions of the international community disregarded the local context and created distrust by the local actors. The study relies on extensive face-to-face interviews with relevant national and international stakeholders, a public opinion survey with a sample of 1102 respondents, focus group and personal observation.     

西北干旱地区农村集蓄雨水的所有权困境及路径分析

西北干旱地区缺乏地下水和地表水资源,降水资源不丰富并且年分布不均,所以把有限的降水集蓄起来加以有效利用就成为解决当地农民生产和生活用水的重要途径和手段。实践中通过集蓄利用雨水已取得了显著成效。现实中已经出现了集蓄雨水的买卖问题,尽快明确这部分水的所有权性质已经成为当务之急。然而,对集蓄雨水所有权主体归属及集蓄雨水工程的所有权主体界定等一系列问题在学术界和法律实务中却较少关注,如果不能很好地解决这些问题,将会影响甚至阻碍西部干旱地区农村集蓄雨水工作的进一步发展。     

Owning the issue agenda: Party strategies and vote choices in British elections

Explanations of party competition and vote choice are commonly based on the Downsian view of politics: parties maximise votes by adopting positions on policy dimensions. However, recent research suggests that British voters choose parties based on evaluations of competence rather than on ideological position. This paper proposes a theoretical account which combines elements of the spatial model with the ‘issue ownership’ approach. Whereas the issue ownership theory has focused mainly on party competition, this paper examines the validity of the model from the perspective of both parties and voters, by testing its application to recent British general elections. Our findings suggest that as parties have converged ideologically, competence considerations have become more important than ideological position in British elections.     

西南水电资源开发中少数民族移民问题与对策

无论从水电资源的分布还是从开发程度看,大西南都是我国水电资源开发的重点区域。移民问题在水电资源开发中从来就占有极其重要的地位。旧的计划经济体制下的西南水电资源开发在总体上形成了广大移民尤其是少数民族移民“念开发愈穷”的严重问题,必须通过等价赔偿、资源入股的市场化制度改革,以及对少数民族移民的特殊关注,方能理顺国家、水电企业与少数民族移民的经济关系,使水电资源开发摆脱传统的计划经济体制的羁绊,成为国家、企业和当地少数民族移民共同发展、稳定、富裕的源泉。     

西安非公有制经济参与西部大发展的思路

西部大开发、西安大发展应有新的思路。大力发展非公有制经济是推动西部大开发、西安大发展的一支非常重要的力量,它对国有经济的战略性调整有着十分重要的作用。放手并支持非公有制经济参与国有企业的改革,为其创造宽松的发展环境,无疑会极大地促进西安经济的良性发展。     

大力推进经济结构的战略性调整

经济结构调整是经济发展的重要基础.社会主义市场经济体系的不断完善和经济全球化的趋势,要求我们加快经济结构调整步伐.我们要调整农业的种植品种结构,推进农业产业化进程.加快工业的改组改造,发展高新技术产业.加快城市化建设步伐,努力实施西部大开发战略,继续调整和完善所有制结构.     

论西部大开发战略和甘肃非公有制经济的发展

西部大开发战略为甘肃非公有制经济的发展提供了良好的机遇。甘肃非公有制经济的发展又会进一步促进西部大开发。通过对西部大开发与甘肃非公有制经济辨证关系的分析 ,认为非公有制经济在甘肃经济大开发中具有重要作用 ,藉此提出甘肃借西部大开发推动非公有制经济快速发展的对策建议