日本侵权行为法的三次转折

日本律令制的法体系中存在侵权行为法的最初形态,具有明确的赔偿意义。明治维新后,日本引入近代侵权行为法而发生历史上第一次转折;二战后的20世纪50—60年代,日本侵权法制发生第二次转折;20世纪90年代以来,面对侵权法危机和新保护法益的出现,侵权法法制正发生第三次转折,日本学者也以新自由主义权利论为基础,提出诸多理论对策,对策既是从现实角度对侵权行为制度目的和机能的根本性追问,又是开创日本侵权法新时代的大胆尝试。     

论毛泽东哲学思想的成熟及其影响

毛泽东抗日战争时期哲学思想的成熟过程大致可以分为四个阶段：为抗日战争的胜利提供科学的世界观和方法论阶段,对抗日战争进行理性分析、为抗日战争指明胜利前景阶段,总结抗日战争的历史经验、确定抗日战争胜利后的奋斗目标阶段,全面实现马克思主义哲学中国化阶段。其成熟的主要标志是关于“实事求是”的论述。毛泽东哲学思想的成熟,直接推动了抗日战争的胜利进程、构成了毛泽东思想体系的基础和精髓、开辟了马克思主义哲学中国化的新理路。     

论中国共产党对阎锡山集团的统战策略

中国共产党与阎锡山集团的抗日民族统一战线,在全国抗日民族统一战线中成立时间最早、存续时间最长、影响最大、成果最丰硕。这个统一战线之所以会取得如此大的成绩,原因固然是多方面的,但其根本原因就在于中国共产党运用了正确合理、灵活多样的统战策略：一是“内方外圆”的统战策略、二是“旧瓶装新酒”的统战策略、三是公开工作与秘密工作相结合的统战策略。本文就这三个策略作一较全面、深入、科学的分析和研究,使人们从中充分领略到中国共产党在统战工作中的高度智慧和卓越艺术。     

Between self-promotion and cultural politics: Murakami Haruki's travelogues

Through a close reading of contemporary Japanese novelist Murakami Haruki's accounts of his travels in Southern Europe, the United States, and Australia, this article analyses the ways in which this author uses travel writing to promote his self-image as a cosmopolitan and culturally sensitive writer. At the same time, examining the complex dynamics of identification and differentiation at play in the narratives, it highlights the texts’ potential to generate critical reflections on both Japanese and global cultural and social formations. By looking at Murakami's distinctive combination of self-promotion and cultural critique, the article's overarching goal is to complicate the current understanding of the genre travel writing and its colonial legacy.     

The Welcome Asians: the Japanese in Mexico, 1897–1910

This article focuses on the development of diplomatic relations between Japan and Mexico in the second half of the nineteenth century, culminating in the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the two nations in 1888, and the subsequent effect the positive relationship between the two nations had on Japanese immigration to Mexico. Based on a spirit of reciprocity and equal status, the treaty resulted in a favourable opinion regarding Japan and the Japanese in Mexico that had a direct influence on the way in which Japanese immigrants to Mexico were viewed and treated, which stands in sharp contrast to the experiences of other Japanese migrant communities in the Americas. Viewed as agents of modernization, Japanese immigrants were welcomed or viewed neutrally by Mexican government officials and average citizens. The article also explains why, despite this positive relationship, Mexico never became a large-scale destination for Japanese immigration.     

近代日本文人与中国文化——以大正文人的上海体验为中心

在日本近代化发展过程中,大正时期出现了“中国情趣”的热潮。由于日本的近代化是在旧物破坏、照搬西洋的前提下进行的,使得人们面对不伦不类的日本发出传统消失殆尽而西洋模仿又流于肤浅的不满。另外,由于明治维新的不彻底性,资产阶级民主主义运动失败,日本国内盛行国家主义、民族主义至上的风气,使近代知识分子追求自由、平等和近代生活方式的梦想破灭。在这种闭塞的时代背景下,面对东西文化和思想的冲突,近代日本知识分子陷入苦闷彷徨中,于是到中国上海旅行成为他们追求梦想、宣泄感情的手段。     

从封闭走向开放——日本中小企业创新模式的转变

20世纪90年代以来,日本中小企业创新模式由封闭模式向开放模式转变。这种创新模式的转变在模糊企业边界的同时使企业内外部资源被共同应用于创新活动之中,其转变的根源在于分工的深化和专业化水平的提高,具体而言就是企业克服交易费用后对创新过程的分解和优化。日本中小企业创新模式的转变为企业带来了效率、成本和利润上的积极效应,也促进了整个市场的良性发展,对于中国中小企业创新活动的开展具有借鉴意义。     

乙型脑炎病毒E蛋白基因的原核表达及ELISA抗体检测方法的建立

通过PCR方法扩增流行性乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)E基因,全长1 500 bp,将其连入经双酶切的pET-28a(+)载体,构建了重组原核表达质粒pET28a-E.将pET28a-E转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)后,经IPTG诱导,进行SDS-PAGE分析.结果显示,E基因在大肠杆菌BL21中获得高效表达,表达的蛋白分子质量约53 ku.Western-blot分析表明,该表达产物具有良好的抗原性.在此基础上,利用该蛋白初步建立了检测猪JEV抗体的间接ELISA方法,并用武汉科前生物制品公司生产的猪JEV ELISA抗体检测试剂盒同时对250份临床采集的猪血清样品进行了检测,结果这两种方法的符合率达到92%,表明建立的ELISA方法具有较高的灵敏性和特异性.     

日本人权意识的过去、现在和将来

明治维新前夕就传入日本的天赋人权思想,并没有在明治宪法中得到体现。其后,日本的人权意识又经历了大正民主运动的脉动和法西斯主义的蹂躏,直到新宪法公布后,才真正开始“基本人权”的构建。但是由于社会转型的不彻底等原因,它并没有能够形成系统的思想,也没能得到全面的发展。进入20世纪60年代后,它虽然仍然受到保守的社会体制的压制,但在市民运动的推动下,终于出现了改善的契机以及追求“新的人权”的诉讼。     

Bending conventions: agency and self-portrayals in Japanese translator commentary

Abstract: The recent surge of interest in the figure of the translator has brought translator-authored writing into the spotlight in Translation Studies. Investigations into translator commentaries (in-book paratexts such as prefaces and afterwords) have generally mined them for data about translation history and procedures. Yet translator commentary also offers a potential space where translators can stake positions as cultural agents through first-person writing. This article investigates how translators present themselves in such texts, using Japanese literary translators as an example. It takes a random sample of Japanese translator commentaries from books in various literary genres, establishes their textual conventions, and then performs close readings of five commentaries to explore how translators write themselves into their text. The translators show themselves to be concerned with how their writing is received. Some use devices such as pastiches and anecdotes to entertain and inform readers, asserting their voice as writers. Others frame their identity as members of literary communities or socially conscious individuals. In so doing, they project identities as cultural agents. Consequently, this study argues that translator commentary should be re-examined in translation studies as a potential site of subjective expression and positioning in the literary field.