黄遵宪《日本国志》中的宪政思想及其影响

黄遵宪是近代中国第一个对日本明治维新进行实地考察研究的思想家。其撰写的《日本国志》是“中国近代第一部系统而深入地研究日本的百科全书式著作”。在《日本国志》中,黄遵宪对日本明治维新后宪政制度现状的客观评介,为近代中国输入了全新宪政思想,也为清末宪政改革提供了重要的借鉴。     

中国大学生的美国观与日本观比较

中国大学生既有反美情绪也有反日情绪,但是二者的内容、程度、性质及指向的主体有很大不同。另一方面,大多数大学生认为,美国和日本也有许多值得肯定和学习借鉴的地方,如美国国内的社会环境、价值观念等。此外,中国大学生的美国观与日本观都存在三个问题:态度上的情绪化、认识上的片面性和思维方式上的单向性。     

Japanese Network Capital: The Impact of Social Networks on Japanese Political Participation

Recent scholarship shows that social capital has a large influence on political behavior. Social capital’s definition includes trust, norms of reciprocity, and social networks. Most studies, however, ignore the networking component. Here, we test the influence of social networks on political participation using new Japanese survey data. We separately test the effects of involvement in formally organized voluntary associations and informal social networks. We also examine whether hierarchical networks have a different impact on participation than equal relationships. To determine if networks with bridging or bonding social capital affect participation differently, we also measure the openness to outsiders of these networks. Negative binomial regression models indicate a strong positive relationship between formal and informal social networking—including network hierarchy and some forms of openness—and political participation.     

MiniSTR multiplex systems based on non-CODIS loci for analysis of degraded DNA samples

We describe two short amplicon autosomal short tandem repeat (miniSTR) quadruplex systems for eight loci D1S1171, D2S1242, D3S1545, D4S2366, D12S391, D16S3253, D20S161, and D21S1437, unlinked from the combined DNA index system (non-CODIS) loci, using newly designed primer sets. The results of an assay of 411 Japanese individuals showed that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products within the eight loci were less than 150bp in size, without the seven additional bases for adenylation. The frequency distributions in the loci showed no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations. The accumulated power of discrimination and power of exclusion for the eight loci were 0.9999999991 and 0.998, respectively. For assay of highly degraded DNA, including artificially degraded samples and the degraded forensic casework samples assessed with the present miniSTR quadruplex systems, the systems proved quite effective in analyzing degraded DNA.     

客观性的探索与主体性的确立——“日本的哲学”课题

真正的"哲学",应该说并不是在一个背离"生命"的、抽象思辨的过程中被捏造出来的学问。倒不如说,它的本质就在于我们的"存在经验的精炼化"。日本一直以来都是站在具体事象的立场,以自身的存在经验所凝练出来的精神活动为核心,由此来展开自身的学术研究。"日本的哲学"这一研究本身应该说带有了双重内涵:第一,应该是一个学术探索,即如今要站在"哲学的"基础上来认真地、客观地重新探索日本人的"人生观.世界观"的历史传承;第二,应该说是一个哲学研究,即不局限于第一个立场,而是要在"现代"这一科学技术极度发达、文明冲突与异文化摩擦频繁发生、充满了冲突与争执的全球化人类社会之中,我们日本人面对世界必须形成一种主体性的自觉,必须提出并树立起一种新的"哲学性"的"人生观·世界观"。     

对谈:日本哲学的成立、意义与展望

前近代日本究竟有无哲学,日本哲学的合法性依据究竟何在?关于日本有无哲学的讨论意义何在?这是中日哲学研究者近年来热议的课题。本文作者认为,关于日本是否有哲学的判断基准在于如何理解"何谓哲学"的问题。无论从狭义的哲学,还是广义的哲学理解来看,日本都有哲学。概而言之,它大体包含以下3个层面的内容:其一,自古以来日本人的价值观、自然观、宇宙观、人生观等,即日本人关于自然与人的深层性思考;其二,引进西方哲学后关于西方哲学的研究成果;其三,在与西方哲学对决(对话)的过程中,日本学者独自的哲学创造。但是,在思考日本哲学问题时要注意"思想"与"哲学"的区别,以免泛哲学化。思想只是"臆见"、主观的、想当然的,但不是哲学思维;哲学必须是建立在"逻格斯(Logos)"基础之上,努力追求抵达客观性依据的学说。     

战败前后日本的社会世相和知识人的心路历程——对作家高见顺《战败日记》的考察

《战败日记》的价值,在于真实地记录了战败前后日本社会的众生诸相的同时,如实地记录了在这样一个非常时期中一个有着前述思想背景的日本知识人内心的苦涩、酸楚、愤懑和挣扎的心路历程,表现出了对自己以及日本民族和日本国家的反思和批判,展示了这一时期日本人精神史的重要一页。     

日本传统韵文学的光点:俳句影响下的庞德意象诗文艺理论

美国诗人庞德谙悉古今,善于旁征博引,撷取各民族文化之长为己所用。他的诗歌理论在很多方面得益于东方文化,其中借鉴吸收了日本俳句诗写作的结构特点。20世纪初,在日本热风靡西方的背景下,庞德开始和日本文化结缘,而后,他创作出一些类俳句诗,并以此为启发创建了"叠合理论"的新文艺理论,而这也正是庞德实用主义思想和日本俳句结合衍生发展变化的结果。虽然庞德对日本俳句的了解并不透彻,但是他以日本俳句为启发而开创的意象派新诗运动给东西方文化交流带来的深远影响却不容忽视。     

Defamation in cyberspace: A Japanese perspective

The aim of this paper is two-fold: first, to introduce how Japanese law and its jurisprudence have dealt with the case of on-line defamation, which is arguably one of the most acute problems in modern society, and second, to critically examine the efficacy of such an approach. The recent decision of the Supreme Court in on-line defamation (as oppose to off-line defamation) will be introduced as an exemplar of the way Japanese law and its jurisprudence have dealt with such an acute problem. A first step will be to provide, by way of background, a brief overview of how defamation in a conventional sense has been treated by the Japanese legal system. The second step will be to outline how the Japanese jurisdiction has dealt with on-line defamation, that is to say, to what extent the Japanese court regulates on-line defamatory comments made by the ordinary people. A third step will be to examine the efficacy of such an approach, and the final step will be to examine whether the UK court can learn a lesson from the Japanese jurisdiction. The author will draw upon Japanese jurisprudence, in order to consider whether a valuable lesson might be offered to the UK jurisdiction.     

Returning to the Original Point of Normalization of China-Japan Relations and Renewing Peaceful and Friendly Relations between Governments

正Japan and China are neighbors that cannot move away from each other.Thus,it’s quite natural that there are quarrels between them because we are so close to each other.There is no other option between Japan and China except peace and friendship.On the occasion of the 3rd Anniversary of the normalization of Japan-China diplomatic relations on September 29,1975,in order to solidify the