简论现代刑事司法理念

现代司法理念是最深刻,作用和影响最重要的法律意识,其内涵十分丰富,最为重要的是人权保护、正义与效率、自由与秩序理念。刑事司法工作人员必须具有刑事理性和程序理性的现代刑事司法理念,才能更好地保障人权和社会。     

《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》评述及其法医临床学应用价值

有关功能、残疾和健康评定的概念及应用是法医临床学实践的核心内容。无论从法医临床学鉴定的目的、程序,还是鉴定结论的客观性、公正性角度出发,规范功能、残疾和健康的概念及它们之间的联系,对完善法医临床鉴定和全面理解法医临床学多学科属性均具有重要意义,对上述概念的准确理解和客观应用无疑将有助于完善法医临床学实践,并提高法医临床学的鉴定质量。本文将参照国际卫生组织的相关标准,探讨残疾、健康和功能评定的概念,所涉及的专业术语和它们之间的联系,并对这些概念的历史发展进程与当代研究现状进行回顾和比较研究。本文将综述有关功能、残疾和健康概念的定义解读,依照国际卫生组织相关标准对功能、残疾和健康进行解释说明,分析它们内在的理论框架结构,并对《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》在法医临床学鉴定中的应用进行初步展望。     

论高校自治规则的司法审查

高校自治规则接受司法审查,不仅符合《行政诉讼法》的明文规定,也是司法终极性原则的必然要求,更是司法介入高校内部治理的应有之义。同时,为保证高校应有的自治空间,法院对高校自治规则的审查必须遵循附带审查原则、尊重高校首先判断权原则、"不探索决策者的思维过程"原则以及间接审查原则,以保持必要的抑制与谦让。     

从苏格拉底到李昌奎的不变与变——基于法律接受者命运的当代中国司法反思

在通往法治驿站的道路上,整个社会期待值得信赖的司法.独立的司法秩序与司法的独立判断是根本基础.当代中国司法场域,法律为什么不能被信仰,司法场域为什么必须拒绝民主,道德评断为什么能够在司法场域发力并促使司法机关作出改判等三个命题值得人们深思.从苏格拉底之死到李昌奎案件所透视的法律接受者的命运值得当代中国司法反思.     

犯罪故意认定的证据法学解读

实体法上广为讨论的犯罪故意认定问题,最终要在司法证明过程中进行.在罪过难辨的疑案中,裁判者应坚持无罪推定原则,作为区分故意与过失的最后一道屏障.对于故意这种“无法定义只能描述”的复杂心理现象,以实体法上的抽象概念去界定不如以证据法上直观的类型化判断来把握.故意“概念的类型化”,是以认识程度和意志程度之强度互补的弹性组合...     

Coalition type and voter support for parties: Grand coalitions in German elections

While scholars have generally acknowledged that coalition governments are less accountable to voters than single party majorities, surprisingly little differentiation is made among different types of coalition governments. In this paper, we examine voter support for two very different types of coalition governments: those with a single large party and a junior partner and grand coalitions—governing coalitions between two large but ideologically dissimilar parties. We argue that grand coalitions differ from the more typical senior–junior partners in terms of the ability of individual parties to respond to their constituencies. We test this argument using survey data from four German Election Studies (GES), before and after each of the two German grand coalitions (1965, 1969, 2005, and 2009), which provide a unique opportunity to compare voter support for grand coalitions to those of the more typical senior–junior party model. We find evidence that voters responded to grand coalitions by moving away from their traditional voting patterns, and increasing their support for parties outside of the grand coalition, although this effect varies by the number of alternative parties.     

Key actors in UN environmental governance: influence,reform and leadership

In the introductory article it was concluded that the effectiveness of the UN environmental institutions studied was quite low. Key actors, especially the US and the EU, play a considerable role in explaining the course of development in these institutions. However, this does not mean that these processes are mainly state-driven as a number of other factors matter. The potential for reform and increased effectiveness is limited as the main actors, the US the EU and G-77/China have very different interests and perceptions as to the future directions of these institutions.

加强企事业单位内部安全保卫工作有效促进和谐社会构建

企事业单位的内部安全保卫工作是构建和谐社会的重要组成部分,而当前我国这项工作正面临着严峻的形势.为此,企事业单位的公安内保部门必须创新观念、创新体制、创新机制,以有效保障企事业单位的内部安全.     

普通法的早期治理

英格兰普通法的形成不是任何单一权力意志的安排,而是多元选择的产物。郡法院最初可以被当作国王用以平衡地方权势的制度装置。缺少有效的地方代理人制度,国王不得不依赖于一支巡游的司法大军来实现王国的治理,普通法的司法治理模式由此形成。作为一项司法设置,陪审制度不仅为中央司法权威的扩张提供了公信力的保障,而且也是后者得以稳健运行的制度平台。随着越来越多的社会主体通过组成陪审团参与到法律事务之中,不经意间,普通法的大厦便被如此牢固地坐落在了民间普遍认同的基石之上。     

推而行之存乎人——谈法官行为与司法独立机制的实施效果

司法独立机制的实现受多方面因素的影响,缜密的司法制度,合理的权力配置体制,完善的法律法规等,都对司法独立起着不容忽视的作用.其中起着决定性作用的一环应为人的因素,在假设其他影响因素都达到完善的情况下,法官在执法工作中的法律信仰、专业素质等各种行为都对司法独立机制的实施效果产生着一定的影响.