判决书中的法官形象

全面看待法官是公民的权利和公民责任,全面展示法官形象则是法官的本分。于法官或公民而言,全面的法官形象应该在判决书中。在一份全面、充分说理的严格意义的判决书中,法官是法律信用的督察者、法律解释中的立法者、道德与普法教育中的教师、法律服务中的售货员、合议博弈中的商人以及学者。     

The legal effect of EU Regulations

The EU institutions are increasingly addressing harmonisation by means of regulation rather than the traditional use of directives. This is particularly impacting areas such as data protection, financial services regulation and European standardisation in Information and Communications Technology. More broadly, using directly applicable regulations which may have horizontal and vertical direct effect rather than directives has important administrative and constitutional implications for their application in national law and impacts on Member States' discretion to implement supplementary legislation which falls within the remit of the regulation in question. This is of particular concern where governments implement policies which might be in contravention of these rules. This may be the case in relation to the UK government's public procurement policy which mandates royalty free standards rather than royalty bearing standards with the option for the licence holder to licence royalty free.     

Illiberal Democrats versus Undemocratic Liberals: The Struggle Over the Future of Thailand's Fragile Democracy

Abstract

This article examines the inter-related factors that underpin the fragility of Thailand's democracy. Uneven economic development, the high levels of income inequality, and unequal access to power and resources are significant drivers of Thailand's ongoing political conflict. Social divides across classes and regions, and populist exploitation of the rural poor's sense of alienation from the traditional ruling elites, provide a volatile backdrop to national politics. In addition, Thailand's unstable political history and the weakness of liberal institutions present risks to its democracy. The army, the revered monarch and the judiciary comprise elites whose periodic interventions in politics and reservations about electoral democracy further render the Thai polity fragile. Thailand's political situation represents a ‘slow-burning’ crisis of democracy: a long-term historical confrontation developing slowly, with the fundamental issues unresolved. It is undergoing a period of social turmoil fuelled by a power struggle between competing material interests and by an ideational contest to determine the country's constitutive political rules. This can be conceptualised as a struggle for control of Thailand's future between a heterogeneous populist-capitalist movement of illiberal democracy and conservative forces of undemocratic liberalism.     

Constructing courts after communism: Reevaluating the effect of electoral uncertainty

A prominent view in political science is that electoral uncertainty leads institutional designers to prefer independent and powerful courts. Yet few scholars have examined the design of constitutional courts systematically across Eastern Europe and those who have employed the results of elections held after constitutions were adopted to estimate the actors' perceptions of the balance of power prior to the court's design. This work reevaluates the effects of electoral uncertainty in post-communist Europe using more appropriate data and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to outline the different causal configurations linking electoral uncertainty to the initial judicial empowerment.     

论行政法原则的司法适用——以诚实信用和信赖保护原则为例

行政法原则在行政法中具有重要的地位,司法也应对此加以保障。行政法原则的表现各不相同,效力各异,司法在适用这些原则时应遵循不同的规则,采取不同的技术加以阐释和推理。这既是司法权的法律执行性的要求,也是与法院的宪法地位相适应的要求,更是立法对司法裁量权的一种合理的限制。     

影响司法公正的几个因素

影响司法公正的几个因素 :1、主权者与立法者对司法的工具论认识。隐藏于司法体制背后的原因才是影响司法公正的更深刻、更重要的内因 ,这个原因就是主权者、立法者对司法的工具论认识。 2、法官法律信仰的缺陷。老百姓将司法腐败的原因归咎于法官道德低下。主权者却认为是没有注重法官的政治思想教育。而法官政治素质、道德品质背后的法官法律信仰缺乏更让人担扰。 3、缺乏对法官的保护措施。法官最容易成为各种攻击和报复的对象 ,在我国 ,对法官的保护是极其薄弱的     

论“大民事”

我国法院系统关于取消经济审判庭的“大民事”改革 ,实际上是向公、私法严格分野的“小民事”的倒退。司法真要改革 ,就要确立官民合作、“民行 (政 )”相容、实事求是、公平和诚信的理念。适应市场经济及其法治要求的理念确立了 ,相应的法和司法制度设计问题也就迎刃而解了。     

试析刑事司法腐败的当事人因素——以诉讼文化、诉讼心理为视角

引发司法腐败的因素是多方面而且是复杂的,而当事人因素往往是容易被人忽视的一个因素.文章从诉讼文化和诉讼心理两个方面探寻了当事人与司法腐败存在的关联因素及其作用机制,并对此类因素的解决途径进行了探讨.     

国际贸易行政诉讼审查标准刍议——以WTO体制约束为宏观背景

我国对国际贸易行政行为中的事实问题和法律问题均进行全面深入的审查,审查标准严格。应按照WTO规则要求并借鉴其他国家相关经验,遵循法治发展的一般规律和刮益平衡理念,对我国国际贸易行政诉讼的审查标准进行如下改革:区分国际贸易行政行为中的事实问题和法律问题,确立灵活的审查标准,并将正当程序原则确立为行政诉讼审查标准。     

关于二审程序中诉之追加问题的思考

原告于第二审程序中为诉之追加不仅关涉被告防御权之行使,更关系到审级利益之维护.故立法关于二审中诉之追加应有特别要件之设定以求原、被告利益之衡平.本文在剖析现行立法与司法解释失范的基础上阐释了二审程序中原告追加新诉应具备之特别条件.