Constitution of the Chinese Associa tion for Interna tiona l Understa nding(Approved by the Plenary Session of the Eleventh Executive Council on April 2, 2014)

正Chapter I General Rules Article 1 The Chinese Association for International Understanding is a national non-governmental organization(NGO)in the People’s Republic of China.Article 2 The official name of the Association is"Zhong Guo Guo Ji Jiao Liu Xie Hui"in Chinese,or"Jiao Liu Xie Hui"for short.Its English translation is"Chinese Association for International Understanding",and abbreviated as"CAFIU".     

An asymmetric partisanship effect: House price fluctuations and party positions

Political economy arguments on party behaviour usually address parties of the left and the right. This article introduces a novel argument that portrays house price changes as an economic signal that right-wing parties disproportionately respond to in their programmatic positioning. This asymmetric partisanship effect is driven by homeowners’ importance for right-wing parties as a core voter group. Increasing house prices improve homeowners’ economic prospects. Right-wing parties thus have some flexibility to reach out to undecided voters by targeting the centre of the political spectrum. Falling house prices, however, signal worsening economic outlooks for homeowners. Right-wing parties thus have a strong incentive to send out signals of reassurance and prioritise their core voters. For a sample of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries from 1970 to 2014, the findings support this argument. Right-wing parties move programmatically leftwards with booming house prices and rightwards when house prices fall, while parties of the left do not respond systematically.     

民事诉讼中的举证责任

本文考察了举证责任的基础概念、一般理论及目前我国民事诉讼制度对这些概念理论的接受状况或程度，在此基础上展示举证责任倒置和减轻在我国民事立法上及司法实务运作中的种种形态。本文不强调定义的精确和理论的新颖，而着力于尽可能紧扣我国民事审判实务的具体场境，去尝试系统地整理相关的基础知识。     

An empirical test of presidentialism's effect on party competition

This article argues that party competition in legislative elections is partly a function of presidential elections. Previous research on spatial competition has assumed that parties are competing in parliamentary regimes, where the only election of concern for parties and voters is the legislative election. However, in presidential regimes, presidential elections lead to relatively centrist positioning of candidates, and coattail effects from the presidential elections help shape the legislative elections. Using data from the Comparative Manifestos Project, I show that the major parties of the left and right in legislative elections are ideologically closer to each other in presidential regimes than major parties in parliamentary regimes.     

构建中拉整体合作机制:机遇、挑战及思路(英文)

With all-round cooperation between China and Latin America ready to take off, and with a promising China-Latin America and the Caribbean Cooperation Forum becoming a high-level dialogue mechanism. China-Latin America relations are poised to be further deepened and elevated,which will lay a solid foundation for the development of ties between China and other developing countries.     

中国特色社会主义参政党建设的几个问题

"中国特色社会主义参政党"准确地表述了民主党派的中国特色社会主义政党性质;把马克思主义民主理论和中国特色社会主义民主理论作为参政党建设的理论基础,符合客观实际,为参政党思想建设奠定理论基础;参政党组织发展取决于其社会基础和多党合作的需要,在坚持组织发展基本原则、分工和相关规定的前提下,加强参政党组织建设。     

The 2019 Swiss federal elections: the rise of the green tide

Abstract

The Greens made spectacular gains in the 2019 Swiss federal elections. In a campaign that was dominated by the climate change issue, the party outperformed the Christian Democrats to become the fourth largest party in the lower house. This status enabled the Greens to legitimately request a seat in government (the Federal Council). However, their attempt to unseat a member of the Liberals failed due to the resistance of the right-wing parties. It thus turned out that the Green wave was not strong enough to change the composition of the federal government.     

民事诉讼代表人制度中诉讼当事人制度论

我国现有的民事诉讼代表人制度中,将人数众多一方中的每个成员均视作诉讼当事人,但只将诉讼权利义务赋予代表人,被代表的当事人却无进行诉讼的权利和义务。这样的制度安排看似符合群体诉讼的特性要求,但却与民事诉讼制度原理相悖。考察相关国家的制度安排,发现我国现有代表人制度中的诉讼当事人确定既阻碍了诉讼当事人平等原则的贯彻,又不能使代表人充分进行诉讼,从而成为该制度不能被广泛适用的先天缺陷之一。因此,作为解决群体纠纷的诉讼机制,代表人制度中诉讼当事人的选择,既要满足群体诉讼的特殊要求,又应契合民事诉讼当事人制度原理的运行机制。     

The End of the Rhetorical Line? The ‘Partygate’ Investigation into former UK Prime Minister,Boris Johnson

In dramatic and unprecedented circumstances, a former British Prime Minister has been investigated by the House of Commons Privileges Committee for breaking laws set by his own government by socialising and partying whilst the rest of the country toiled during the Covid lockdowns. The lockdown laws were clear, saying we ‘must stay at home, protect the NHS, and save lives’. Socialising of any kind was outlawed, with high fines imposed. Yet, for Boris Johnson, it was unclear whether such restrictions applied to his administration. After the submission of evidence from witnesses in Number Ten and testimony from the defendant himself, a ground-breaking verdict that will reverberate around Westminster and the Conservative Party for months and years to come was delivered—namely, that Boris Johnson knowingly misled Parliament on multiple occasions about the social activities and that he should be held in contempt of Parliament. The fallout of this verdict will cause division within the Conservative Party and will remind voters of a lengthy period most would rather forget. This article reviews the circumstances of the committee proceedings, the evidence presented, the outcome and how this impacts negatively upon trust in politics which, prior to these proceedings, was already at a low point.     

抗日战争时期中共游击队扎根基层社会的路径

全面抗战爆发后,中共深入基层社会,并以游击战发展壮大。问题是,当时各种势力蜂拥而起,为什么最后只有中共立下足、扎下根?应该说,良好的纪律是重要原因,它培养起民众对革命的最初情感。但只有纪律是不够的,如何把情感转变为政治意识,是中共的持续努力。总体观之,中共游击队进入基层社会,经历了一个从情感到组织的演变过程,最终赢得民众拥护。