法律方法论体系的“逻辑”问题

法律方法论体系属于实用法学中的基础理论问题。对其进行研究是建构法律方法论学科的逻辑基础。从司法的视角看，法律发现、法律解释、法律论证、价值衡量、法律推理以及支持这些方法的诸多法学原理构成了法律方法论体系。这一体系与过去建构在法律原理分析基础的法律运用有很多的区别，是一种开放性的法律方法体系，更能体现法律方法的艺术性。     

Do a Law’s Policy Implications Affect Beliefs About Its Constitutionality? An Experimental Test

Although a substantial empirical literature has found associations between judges' political orientation and their judicial decisions, the nature of the relationship between policy preferences and constitutional reasoning remains unclear. In this experimental study, law students were asked to determine the constitutionality of a hypothetical law, where the policy implications of the law were manipulated while holding all legal evidence constant. The data indicate that, even with an incentive to select the ruling best supported by the legal evidence, liberal participants were more likely to overturn laws that decreased taxes than laws that increased taxes. The opposite pattern held for conservatives. The experimental manipulation significantly affected even those participants who believed their policy preferences had no influence on their constitutional decisions.     

论法律推理的缺陷及其克服

在法律推理的过程中,大前提的形成具有论题学的或然性、可论辩性。大前提的论题学性质相对于判决的正确性、合理性来讲是一种缺陷,法律论证可在一定程度上克服法律推理的这种缺陷,消解推理前提的论题学性质,防止法官的任意裁判,进而能够在较深层次上起到维护法治的作用。     

行政处罚告知内容若干问题探讨

行政处罚告知的内容,在实践中存在着告知事项不全、权利告知模糊、义务告知没有法定化、说理性不足等问题。本文结合行政法学理论分析以上问题存在的危害,并建设性地提出了解决的方案及完善告知内容的设想,力求使告知内容法定化、合理化。     

科学证据可采性标准的认识论反思与重构

科学证据的可采性是指是采纳某一科学证据作为证明某一事实的标准或条件。目前我国还没有建立明确的科学证据可采性标准,而在科学证据研究最发达的英美国家,科学证据可采性标准中的一些基本要素也是纠缠不清的。通过对科学证据可采性标准的历史考察和认识论反思,并根据科学证据在真相发现中的功能,可以尝试从内在属性和外在属性两个方面来审视科学证据可采性的结构。科学证据可采性的标准主要包括：科学证据本身的科学有效性、可靠性、科学相关性以及科学专家的可信性等。     

民事裁判文书的理性探析

裁判文书是司法公正的载体 ,理由是裁判文书的灵魂。而如何增强裁判文书的说理性 ,是我国目前裁判文书改革的重点。本文从三个方面 :理性展现的对象、理性展理的必要性、理性展现的路径 ,论证我国民事裁判文书加大说理力度的重要意义及改革思路。     

The Contribution of Organized Youth Sport to Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior in Adolescent Athletes

In this study, we investigated the contribution of organized youth sport to antisocial and prosocial behavior in adolescent athletes. The sample consisted of N=260 male and female soccer players and competitive swimmers, 12 to 18 years of age. Multilevel regression analysis revealed that 8% of the variance in antisocial behavior and 7% of the variance in prosocial behavior could be attributed to characteristics of the sporting environment. Results suggested that coaches who maintain good relationships with their athletes reduce antisocial behavior, and that exposure to relatively high levels of sociomoral reasoning within the immediate context of sporting activities promotes prosocial behavior. These results point to specific aspects of adolescents’ participation in sport that can be used to realize the educational potential of organized youth sport. She is currently writing her Ph.D. thesis on sports and education. Interests include moral development, behavioral adaptation, and delinquency. Associate Professor of Special Education at the University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. His research interests include socio-emotional development and moral education. Professor of Educational Theory in the School of Education and life long learning, University of Exeter, UK. His research focuses on the role of communication in education. Professor of Special Education at the Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. His research interests concern socio-emotional development and developmental psychopathology, especially within the framework of attachment theory. She is working on a Ph.D. thesis on dyslexia. Her interests include socio-emotional development and learning problems. Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Assistant Professor at the Department of Developmental Psychology of Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Interests include methods of developmental research and multilevel modeling. University of Amsterdam, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Education     

法律推理在司法领域的应用与研究

本文以法律逻辑为研究对象,从法律逻辑引出法律推理,介绍目前法律推理的研究状况,从法律推理中探究实质推理的作用和应用。笔者认为,形式推理和实质推理两者不可偏废,只有两者相结合才能构建完善科学的司法体系。     

讯问材料的逻辑漏洞——从法庭的视角看

关于侦查讯问的逻辑思考非常多,从讯问问题的逻辑研究、笔录的制作到各种逻辑推理、逻辑规律在讯问中的应用都有学者论及,但作为整个讯问材料的逻辑性要求却很少有人论及。讯问材料要求证据确凿,事实清楚,也就是要确实、充分,而从法庭的视角看,材料很容易出现逻辑漏洞。     

刑事证明法律推理客观性分析

刑事证明中法律推理的客观性不仅应体现在事实领域内,也应体现在价值领域内。它对于练就司法人员的理性思维、培养尊重程序意识、实现法治等有重要作用。刑事证明中法律推理的客观性的建构依赖于刑事证明法律推理自身的客观性、遵循逻辑基本规律及推理主体正确的价值观。而“天然逻辑学”对我国刑事诉讼中法律推理的客观性具有指导及释明作用,可为其科学建构提供逻辑理论基础。