实现“新农村法治化”的若干问题浅析

建设社会主义新农村,是我国社会主义现代化进程中的重大历史任务。社会主义新农村建设涵盖了农村经济、民主政治、文化和社会生活的各个方面,要实现社会主义新农村全面、协调、可持续发展,法治是支撑和保障。没有法治的支撑和保障,我们进行的社会主义新农村建设会出现“跛脚”现象。农村法治化为社会主义新农村建设保驾护航。本文阐述了新农村建设中加强农村法治建设的重要意义,推进农村法治化进程的制约因素以及实现农村法治化的路径选择。     

The lost 1990s? Personal reflections on a history of participatory technology development

This article traces a history of agricultural participatory research, largely from the author's personal experience. Participatory research in the 1970s was mostly led by disciplinary scientists, and characterised by innovative activities and open academic debate, with some recognition that policy and development practice was a political process. The 1980s saw a shift to learning from past experience, and a participatory mainstream developed, seeking methods for scaling up. Meanwhile, others sought to understand and influence policy and institutional change in their political and cultural contexts, and to keep open the academic debates. The author considers the 1990s as ‘lost years’, during which mainstream participatory practitioners became inward-looking development generalists, not so interested in learning from others outside their paradigm. The late 2000s provide a chance to re-recognise the political and cultural embeddedness of science and technology; re-introduce strong, widely based disciplines; and learn from past activities that resulted in positive development outcomes (planned or unplanned).     

思想道德教学新方法初探

改革开放以来社会发生的重大变化,强有力地冲击着当代大学生传统的思想道德观念,影响其行为选择。作为整个思想道德教育体系的核心和主干的高校“两课”教师,必须研究这些新变化,探讨教学新方法。     

反侦查行为导论

我国传统的侦查学和侦查实践对反侦查行为没有给予应有的重视。目前侦查学界对此有所反思和矫正,涌现了侦查新视角的思潮。该视角直接指向反侦查行为,并在此基础上,深入研究侦查实践中的有效防范、识别与利用。     

Operationalising participatory research and farmer-to-farmer extension: the Kamayoq in Peru

While rural poverty is endemic in the Andean region, structural adjustment programmes have led to a dismemberment of agricultural research and extension services so that they are unable to serve the needs of smallholder farmers. The NGO Practical Action has been working in the Andes to address farmers' veterinary and agriculture needs. The work has included the training of farmer-to-farmer extension agents, known locally as Kamayoq. The Kamayoq have encouraged farmer participatory research, and local farmers pay them for their veterinary and crop advisory services in cash or in kind. The Kamayoq model is largely an unsubsidised approach to the provision of appropriate technical services and encouragement of farmer participation. The model also illustrates that, in the context of encouraging farmer participation and innovation, NGOs have advantages over research organisations because of their long-term presence, ability to establish trust with local farmers, and their emphasis on social and community processes.     

Operationalising participatory research and gender analysis: new research and assessment approaches

Participatory research approaches are increasingly popular with scientists working for poverty alleviation, sustainable rural development, and social change. This introduction offers an overview of the special issue of Development in Practice on the theme of ‘operationalising participatory research and gender analysis’. The purpose of this special issue is to add value to the discussion of methodological, practical, philosophical, political, and institutional issues involved in using gender-sensitive participatory methods. Drawing on 16 articles, we place some of the main issues, empirical experiences, and debates in participatory research and participatory technology development in the context of implementation, evaluation, and institutionalisation of participatory research and evaluation approaches.     

浅析新形势下领导干部新闻执政能力的提升

新形势呼唤新能力，切实做到善待媒体、善用媒体、善管媒体，努力提高新闻执政能力，已经成为新形势下中央对各级领导干部能力提出的新要求。提升领导干部新闻执政能力，是党和政府适应新形势新变化新挑战的必然要求，也是转型时期妥善处置群体性事件，维护社会稳定的客观需要。通过调查显示，新形势下我国领导干部在善待媒体、善用媒体和善管媒体方面还存在诸多不足，制约了党的执政水平的提高。因此，如何提升领导干部新闻执政能力，已经成为摆在党和政府面前的新时代课题。     

依法执政：中国共产党执政方式的新发展

依法执政是现代国家政党政治发展的一条普遍规律。党的领导方式和执政方式必须随着时代的发展、社会的进步、经济活动方式的变迁而改进。依法执政就成为中国共产党党执政的一个基本方式。党要坚持依法执政,不断提高依法执政的能力,就必须强化党的依法执政意识,学会用宪法思维执政;要求党的执政活动本身制度化、法律化;要求党在依法执政的实践中逐步强化执政责任制度。中国共产党必须坚持依法执政方针的提出,标志着中国的治国方略开始逐步纳入宪政轨道。要依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家,执政党依法执政就是题中应有之义。     

浅谈我国农村工业化面临的困境

仅靠农业产业不足以担负起社会主义新农村建设所要求的发展经济、富裕农民的使命。推进农村工业化是强化新农村建设的产业支撑、促进农村经济大发展的必不可少的途径。然而我国农村工业化有其迟发展效果，例如农村工业先天不足，后天发育不良；公共基础设施落后，发展成本增大；投入产出效益低下，缺乏融资渠道；买方市场形成，企业竞争压力加大；人才匮乏，人力资本短缺；不得不承担环境污染的恶果，发展成本增加等。     

瑞典劳动法中的解雇制度研究

瑞典劳动法在世界劳动法中独树一帜，解雇制度是其劳动法的重要组成部分。在解雇制度中所规定的解雇条件、解雇程序、违法解雇的救济措施及劳动法院对解雇案件的审理都有独到之处，值得借鉴。