A ‘class of no political weight’? Interracial Marriage,Mixed Race Children and Land Rights in Southern New Zealand, 1840s-1880s

ABSTRACT

Interracial marriage was a defining feature of interaction between local Ngāi Tahu and newcomers in southern New Zealand from the early nineteenth century. Scholarship has explored the importance of such relationships to development of New Zealand’s early resource-based economies and to colonial assimilation policies. However, the experiences of cross-cultural households and families in colonial New Zealand are less well documented.

Using a body of writing produced by fathers and their mixed-race children in response to land claims investigations in the mid-nineteenth century, this article explores the political, economic and social world of interracial families in southern New Zealand. The correspondence over land rights reveals the ongoing importance of kinship ties through generations as colonial expansion impinged on these communities. Through petitioning and letter writing, fathers and children contested what marriage and family meant and strategically asserted their individual and collective identity in the face of increasing land dispossession and economic hardship.     

路径、策略与制度优势--新中国减贫历程的回顾与前瞻

改革开放前30年中国在减贫方面的成就必须重新认识并充分肯定。在整体经济社会发展极其落后的基础上,国家建立了不同类型的救助制度和扶贫举措,农村人口的收入和消费水平都有相应提升;农村基础设施与农田水利建设和社会事业的发展,极大地降低了前30年的社会贫困,并为后40年农村地区的经济腾飞创造了良好基础。改革开放后,制度优势进一步凸显,以救助式扶贫开始,逐渐过渡到精准扶贫,绝对贫困人口从期初的7亿多人(国际标准)减至目前的1600多万人,脱贫人口总量对全球减贫的贡献率高达73%。新中国减贫事业的巨大成就,与自身的制度优势密不可分。后小康社会,应全面总结新中国70年的治贫成就和经验教训,对标国际扶贫标准,重点关注最脆弱人群(包括城市贫困人群),真正实现“共同富裕”。     

The United Kingdom’s Economic Relations with New Zealand and Australia after Brexit

This article examines the current state of economic relations that the United Kingdom has with New Zealand and Australia, in light of the former’s decision to leave the European Union. Although there are prospects for future trade between these countries post-Brexit based on the three countries’ current comparative advantages, perhaps the greatest scope is for greater trade in services along with greater investment flows. Trade in food produce would be affected by changes in trade policy post-Brexit but other goods such as forestry, mineral and manufacturing products would be more affected by changes in general economic conditions and the relative competiveness of the industries in international markets. Already these aspects of trade are important and are expected to grow and develop over time. Much of the future negotiations between the three countries will take up a range of issues associated with investment and the trade in services and much of the future prospects for growth in trade might depend on the success of these negotiations.     

A Comparative Analysis of Social Impact Bond and Conventional Financing Approaches to Health Service Commissioning in England: The Case of Social Prescribing

Abstract

The article compares two social prescribing interventions in Northern England. One was financed through a Social Impact Bond (SIB) and the other was financed in a more conventional way. It utilises a comparative approach to understand the extent to which different methods of financing social prescribing conform to key features of the New Public Management (NPM) or New Public Governance (NPG) in their design and implementation. It finds that a SIB approach tends towards NPM during programme design and implementation and that this creates challenges for social prescribing programmes, the complexity of which appear better suited to an NPG-based relational approach.     

新时代中国基层民主发展的复合动力

基层民主是我国社会主义民主的重要组成部分。人民、执政党、社会和制度成为影响中国基层民主的最重要变量,其主体性作用的发挥及其制度性关系构成了推动基层民主发展的结构性动力。基层民主同马克思主义的民主观和人本主义密切相连,人民性是基层民主推进的基本价值遵循和根本力量;基层民主发展的政党推动蕴含于国家构建的历史过程之中,其形成具有一定的历史、理论和现实的规定性;基层民主的内生性昭示着其发展的强大社会推动力;中国民主政治发展的制度化战略,构成了中国基层民主发展的制度性动力。人民推动、政党推动、社会推动和制度推动构成了新时代中国基层民主发展的复合动力。     

厚植新时代少数民族大学生的家国情怀

少数民族大学生对国家、对集体、对社会主义的认同一直受到高校思想政治教育工作的高度重视。中国特色社会主义步入新时代,厚植少数民族大学生的家国情怀在增强少数民族大学生的国家认同与文化认同、激发少数民族大学生的社会责任感与历史使命感、铸牢少数民族大学生的中华民族共同体意识方面更加凸显出时代意义。高校应当坚持立德树人、以文化人,在遵循"三个统一"原则的基础上,从提升家国情怀素养、完善内容方法、优化校园环境等方面探索厚植少数民族大学生家国情怀的实践路径,培养具有国家和民族担当的新时代少数民族人才,维护民族团结,促进社会和谐稳定。     

Switching on,switching off: reflections of a practitioner researcher examining the operational behaviour of police officers

ABSTRACT

Evidence-based policing is rapidly becoming adopted by policing agencies among policing jurisdictions. Many academic programmes have been established in higher education to train police managers in applied criminology. However, there is a lack of literature for police officer practitioner researchers (POPR) who might undertake qualitative research, especially research projects that examine police behaviour. This paper reflects on the changing role of the practitioner-researcher and suggests that police officers undertaking qualitative research need to learn to ‘switch off their police role’ and ‘switch on their researcher role’. The author’s insights are drawn from his own experience of qualitative fieldwork working with police officers from New Zealand Police and South Australian Police.     

‘Better in kung fu movies than in political parties’: Labour’s Factionalism and a Reappraisal of Eric Hobsbawm’s Political Thought

Eric Hobsbawm will forever be a giant intellectual figure. Yet, an aspect of his work is underappreciated—the case for a more pluralistic, dynamic and intellectually inquiring Labour Party. As such, his political thought is particularly relevant given the recent election of Keir Starmer, and the avowed quest for ‘unity’ in bringing Labour back to power. Hobsbawm came to believe that political strategies which sought to exploit social and political stratification and conflict—such as vilifying reformist political movements and those of moderate persuasion—doomed Labour to permanent opposition. A broad-based people’s party, uniting objectives of solidarity and aspiration, was the only viable class politics. Although from the Marxist tradition, Hobsbawm believed Labour’s purpose was to make liberal democracy function more effectively, rather than creating an alternative economic and political system. Suggesting conflict was more suited to kung fu movies, Hobsbawm’s predominant theme of ‘anti-factionalism with a purpose’ remains apposite today.     

新时代新疆少数民族大学生国家认同教育探析

随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,新疆少数民族大学生国家认同教育更具有紧迫性和时代性。国家认同是国家统一和社会稳定的基础,而新疆是境内外敌对势力利用民族、宗教、文化对我国进行渗透和分裂的前沿,大学生是祖国的未来,也是敌对势力争取的对象。对新疆高校少数民族大学生国家认同教育进行研究和分析,提出新疆少数民族大学生国家认同教育的有效路径,推行国学教育,充分发挥课堂教学的主导作用;以校园文化为载体,积极开展国家认同教育;大力发展国家通用语言教育等,为新时代中华民族多元一体融合奠定更加坚实的基础。     

Improving smallholder livestock farmers’ incomes through value chain financing in South Africa

Separating the commercialisation of agriculture from other programmes to improve access to formal credit for smallholder farmers is a source of dramatic failures of most programmes. Despite the popularity of value chain financing, livestock agriculture remains marginalised. This paper analyses the MAFISA-NERPO Livestock Credit Scheme, a scheme which provides value chain financial products in order to improve the cash incomes of smallholder farmers in South Africa. Evidence shows that more than 80% of participating farmers receive average annual incomes of US$30,000. This implies that this scheme has addressed those factors hindering effectiveness and efficiency of smallholder credit institutions, using value chain finance.