我国灾难新闻报道模式的转变与突破——以汶川地震报道为例

汶川地震报道表现出中国灾难新闻报道模式的转变与突破。新中国60年来的灾难新闻经历了三种报道模式,即"党本位"的单向度闭合模式、"事本位"的多向度客观报道模式、"人本位"的全息化开放报道模式,后者标志着灾难报道的新突破:"全息化的开放报道框架"突破"单向度的闭合报道框架";人性化报道突破模式化报道,"集体呈现"向"个体呈现"转变;平民化视角凸显,展现多元人物的生存状态,避免"英雄神化"与"领袖宣传"。当然,汶川地震报道在转变与突破中也存在值得反思的问题。     

The Aporia of Collective Violence

From the theoretical perspective of René Girard, Walter Benjamin and Jacques Derrida the Rwanda genocide of 1994 may be interpreted as an instance of foundational violence. Given the constant reference in the Rwanda genocide discourse to the failed revolution of 1959, it is perhaps rather a case of deferred foundational violence. Useful as this notion of ‘foundational violence’ may be, as theoretical category it is also hugely challenging because the implicit claim is not just historical (‘states are routinely founded on violence’) but analytical (‘founding moments are per definition violent’). The result is a profound tension between, on the one hand, the need to understand the event as somehow unexceptional or typical of the founding of new socio-political orders and, on the other hand, the need to judge it as exceptional, an ‘outrage’, a crime against humanity. This paper treats the tension between the unexceptional and exceptional as aporetic, that is, as a profound puzzle consisting of two equally valid imperatives which are nonetheless mutually exclusive. It is also an attempt to find a way beyond the impasse.

风雨60年:从文学抗日到抗日文学

从文学的意义上讲,战后的抗日文学才是真正的抗日文学。前30年的抗日文学虽涌现出一批较优秀的文学作品,但整体发展并不尽如人意。新时期的抗日文学不仅完成了从“文学抗日”到“抗日文学”的历史性转变,也开创了中国抗日文学的新时代。变化得以实现的主要原因,在于文学走出了以民族的最高利益为单一立场的国家化叙事模式,也走出了战后30年以意识形态为主要立场的集体言说方式,开始了立足于民间视野和个人话语基础之上的抗日历史的文学重构与叙述。     

语言词与话语词

语言词和话语词有区别 ,应该加以区别 ,其重要区别是语言词意义的一般性和语话词意义的具体性或特指性、语言词意义的多重性和话语词意义的确定性、语言词意义的规约性和话语词意义的开放性等。区分语言词和话语词主要在词汇学、词典学、语法学以及修辞学领域有现实意义。     

论检察权的构造

检察机关是国家的法律监督机关,检察机关的职权配置应紧紧围绕法律监督的内在需要来进行,以保障检察机关有足够的能力充分行使法律监督职责.从法律监督的内在需要出发,检察权应当具有四个方面的具体权能:调查权、追诉权、建议权和法律话语权.在检察权中,这四项权能居于不同位置,但又具有内在的逻辑关系和密切的联系,共同服务于法律监督的目的.     

新形势下对公安宣传工作的新认识

公安宣传工作是公安工作的重要组成部分,关系到公安工作和队伍建设的全局。根据当前公安宣传工作面临的新形势,分析公安宣传工作存在的问题,探寻公安宣传工作新思路和对策,以树立良好的警察形象。     

“非虚构写作”在网络舆情事件中的情感动员功能与表达逻辑

社交媒体时代,舆论生态的“后真相时代”特征日益鲜明,情感与信念成为网络舆情事件的主要动力。“非虚构写作”作为将纪实报道与文学创作结合起来的写作手法,在网络舆情事件中发挥着强大的情感动员功能。通过将悲情叙事、身份标签、戏谑表达等传统的网络情感动员表达逻辑与“文史合一”、忧患意识等“非虚构写作”本土概念巧妙嫁接,“非虚构写作”引发了一系列重大网络舆情事件,呈现出社会学观察、原型叙事、文化冲突三种表达逻辑。“非虚构写作”在舆情表达、舆论监督、社会观察等方面发挥着积极作用。同时,带有深刻情感色彩的“非虚构写作”也蕴含着网络民粹主义、网络暴力、网络虚假信息等诸多风险因素。如何实现“非虚构写作”批判与建设、解构与建构、破与立等方面的平衡,这为互联网生态建设提出了新的内容和新的问题。     

意识形态安全视域下社会思潮的新发展态势及其批判

在新中国70多年的社会发展变革中,多样化社会思潮不断涌现,并与马克思主义意识形态产生了激烈的论争,呈现出新的发展态势:在理论演进上,从注重抽象的学术争辩转向注重现实政治诉求;在现实关切上,从宏观的社会发展道路转向微观的利益分配;在国际交互态势上,从国外思潮不断向国内思潮转化;在话语辐散上,从知识分子话语扩展到大众话语;在传播方式上,从传统媒体时代的单向度传播转向全媒体时代的多向度传播。新时代马克思主义意识形态建设要科学把握社会思潮新的发展态势,切实增强马克思主义意识形态对当代中国多样化社会思潮的凝聚力与引领力,从而保障国家意识形态安全,提升国家治理效能。     

(In)civility and online deliberation: readers’ reactions to race-related news stories

Reacting to an increase in gratuitous racist and sexist comments made by readers in response to online articles, media outlets in South Africa have begun closing down their comments sections, an action that has been repeated many times over across the globe. After a particularly abusive tirade against a young women who wrote an article about being black in Cape Town, Independent Media established an advisory panel in 2014 to investigate the nature of user-generated content (UGC) on their news site, Independent Online (IOL). One of the panel’s recommendations was that what is meant by “uncivil” discourse on online news sites be delineated more accurately and narrowly. Employing computer-mediated discourse analysis, we explore the nature of civility and incivility generated by readers of online news. We look at readers’ posts in response to race-based topics and uncover the complexities inherent in describing both (in)civility and deliberative discourse precisely. Our sample is drawn from the South African newspaper Mail & Guardian Online, one of the few national media establishments that permitted user comments during our data collection phase.     

Contributing to Global Growt

正The highlight of this year’s Group of 20(G20)Summit in Brisbane,Australia,was the formulation of a comprehensive growth strategy raising the collective GDP of all the 20 nations by 2 percent within five years.This is the first time that the G20 has set concrete goals for economic growth.In the time since the financial crisis,the global economy has grown at a slower pace than usual.Amid the influence of