推拿干预颈动脉粥样硬化动物模型安全性的系统评价和Meta分析

目的 系统评价推拿干预颈动脉粥样硬化动物模型的风险及安全性。方法 检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库以及PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science自建库以来至2022年9月30日收录的所有相关文献。2名研究者独立进行文献检索、数据提取、质量评价,采用软件Review Manager 5.4及Stata 12.0进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入12篇文献,共计兔183只,猴24只。Meta分析结果显示：推拿对血流动力学指标、血管最大载荷值、拉曼光谱脂质特征峰值以及血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2的影响无统计学意义,但会增加血管的最大应力［SMD=0.63,95% CI（0.14,1.12）,P=0.01］、弹性模量［SMD=0.94,95% CI（0.49,1.40）,P<0.000 01］、巨噬细胞平均光密度［MD=2.39,95% CI（1.84,2.94）,P<0.000 01］及平均微血管密度［MD=10.46,95% CI（2.50,18.42）, P=0.01］、血清hs-CRP水平［MD=1.00,95% CI（0.14,1.86）,P=0.02］,降低血管最大应变［SMD=－0.56,95% CI（－0.99,－0.12）,P=0.01］、斑块内胶原纤维含量［MD=－20.05,95% CI（－37.37,－2.73）,P=0.02］。但根据敏感性分析,最大载荷值的结果需谨慎对待。结论 推拿不会降低颈动脉血流速度,也不会增加血管外周阻力和斑块内脂质核心含量,但可能会使血管弹性以及胶原纤维比例降低,斑块内巨噬细胞和新生血管增多。受纳入文献数量以及质量的限制,上述结论还需要更多高质量的研究进一步验证。     

Exploring differences in affective polarization between the Nordic countries

After a period in which affective polarization—defined here as the difference between positive feelings toward in-parties and negative out-party animus—has mostly focused on the single US case, there has recently been an increase in large-N comparative analyses and single case studies in other countries, including in the Nordic region. This study adds to this by studying and comparing affective polarization in the Nordic countries. In line with what previous comparative and single case studies have already indicated, the results show that affective polarization has tended to be higher in Sweden and Denmark than in Norway, Iceland, and Finland. The article also tracks time trends for the association between ideological distance from parties and affective party evaluations. As expected, placing parties further from oneself on the left-right scale has been more strongly associated with party affect in Denmark and Sweden. Furthermore, the results show that there are some variations between the countries in terms of how distance from parties on other ideological dimensions than left-right placement is associated with out-party affect.     

荣耀之源：20 世纪 50 年代劳动模范制度化及其效用

20世纪50年代的劳动模范制度是国家在政治运动转向生产运动的过程中,在学习苏联历史经验的基础上逐渐建立起来的。劳动模范制度化的主要效用体现在这一制度承载着传播先进生产技术和推广科学生产管理方法的功能,从而实现带动整个行业生产效率的提升和促进生产运动持续推进的效果。     

Parties’ issue strategies on the drawing board: the 2017 Austrian case

Abstract

Parties may rely on different issue agendas when tailoring their electoral campaigns in an attempt to win elections. This paper compares two key party issue strategies to examine which one the victorious Austrian Peoples’ Party (ÖVP) relied on the most during the 2017 Austrian election campaign vis-à-vis its main competitors. These two key party strategies are the ‘riding-the-wave’ model, which posits that parties focus on issues that currently concern voters the most and the recent ‘issue-yield model’, which instead suggests that parties adopt strategic behaviour targeting all those issues with genuine opportunities for electoral expansion. It is found that, compared to the other main parties in the 2017 Austrian election campaign, the ÖVP was the one most clearly relying on the issue-yield approach. These results have important implications for our understanding of electoral campaigns, party’s exploitation of issue strategies, and voter representation beyond the Austrian case.     

警察在职培训中体能训练问题及训练模式构建研究

警察在职培训中体能训练存在系列问题,该项训练应遵循＂面广、简易、从实战出发＂总原则。警察在职培训中应构建体能训练模式,体能训练模式构建类型可分为基础化训练模式、实战化训练模式、强化式训练模式三种类型。     

经济活动规律的模型研究

经济活动的规律性体现于制度完善的经济社会中,并表现出从资源经济到资本经济再到制度经济的规律性。该文通过数学模型的演绎指出：所谓的制度完善,表现为制度的数值大于1,先在此之前的经济活动则受到制度的＂主动干预＂而不呈现客观性;所谓的规律性,体现为经济活动的资源模式、资本模式和制度模式对经济活动的贡献率,随着劳动数值增加的时序,呈现出依次最大的变化规律。     

城市消费舒适物的产业结构升级效应研究——基于人才集聚的中介作用

消费舒适物不只是城市经济活动的附属物，更是吸引人力资本集聚、驱动产业结构升级的重要因素。本文利用中国282个城市面板数据，研究了城市消费舒适物对产业结构升级的影响及其作用机制。结果显示：从总体上看，城市消费舒适物对产业结构升级具有促进作用。从中介效应看，人才集聚是考察城市消费舒适物对当地产业结构升级影响的重要渠道。从空间效应看，存在空间溢出效应，也即是周边地区消费舒适度提高，也有利于本地区产业结构升级。在新的发展格局下，注重城市消费舒适物建设，发挥其区域联动性，使之成为创新高地建设和产业结构升级的重要支撑。     

Negative voting and party polarization: A classic tragedy

Elections around the globe attest to the persistence of polarization in democratic politics. Popular support for antagonistic elite strategies defies standard predictions of ideological convergence. This paper develops a new solution to the theoretical puzzle: The centrifugal drive in representative democracy is a byproduct of voters’ disposition to evaluate policy platforms on the basis of issue positions that they dislike—to wit, negative voting. While reasonable individually, this behavior backfires collectively as elections dominated by negativity produce more polarized legislatures. Quite tragically, party polarization ultimately reflects an uncoordinated struggle of the electorate to avoid the worst rather than to pursue the best. Support for these claims comes from a theoretical model and a large comparative analysis of vote choice and party platforms. The evidence also favors the negativity model over earlier spatial models of elections. In light of negativity, normative concerns about polarization and democratic representation stand to be reconsidered.     

Estimating postmortem interval for human cadavers in a sub‐tropical climate using UV‐Vis‐near‐infrared Spectroscopy

Estimating postmortem interval (PMI) of surface found skeletal remains is challenging. This novel study used UV‐Vis‐NIR spectroscopy to scan soil collected from cadaver decomposition islands (CDIs) ranging from 15‐ to 963‐d postmortem and control soils. A decomposition product spectra model (DPS model) was constructed by deducting the control soil spectra from the CDI soil spectra for the estimation of postmortem indices: PMI (d), ADD₄, ADD₁₀, and ADD₂₀. The DPS model (n = 55) was calibrated and subjected to a full cross‐validation. Calibration R² and RPD for the DPS model ranged from 0.97 to 0.99 and from 6.1 to 9.9, respectively, for the four postmortem interval indices. Validation R² and RPD for the DPS model ranged from 0.73 to 0.80 and from 1.9 to 2.2, respectively. The DPS model estimated postmortem intervals for three test CDIs in a clay soil under perennial grassland (test set 1; n = 3) and six CDIs in a sandy soil under a loblolly pine forest (test set 2; n = 6). Test set 1 had PMI prediction ranges from ?69 to ?117 days, ?796 to +832 ADD₄, +552 to +2672 ADD₁₀, and ?478 to ?20 ADD₂₀ of observed PMI. Test set 2 PMI prediction ranged from ?198 to ?65 days, ?9923 to +2629 ADD₄, ?6724 to +1321 ADD₁₀, and ?2850 to +540 ADD₂₀ of observed PMI. Test set 2 had poor predictions for two CDIs, for all measures of postmortem indices resulting in discussion of sampling depth, effect of body mass index (BMI), and scavenging.     

安源精神：中国工人运动革命精神的典范

长期以来，安源精神未引起社会足够的重视，其历史地位也未得到全面的揭示。研究从中国共 产党早期工人运动、近代工业文明遗产和中国共产党精神谱系的维度对安源精神进行解读。研究认为，安源工 人运动，是中国工人运动的代表作，其所形成的安源精神，是中国共产党早期工人运动一面光辉的旗帜，是中 国近代工业文明的一份宝贵红色遗产，也是中国共产党精神谱系演进中的一个重要枢纽，堪称中国工人运动革 命精神的典范。它是整个中国革命和国家工业化共同的历史记忆和宝贵的精神财富。