美国人力资源战略的实施策略及对我国的启示

美国人力资源战略的成功实施使其在世界人才竞争中一直保持竞争优势,这与其选择合理的实施策略是分不开的。本文通过梳理美国国家层面人力资源战略的相关政策和措施,归纳了美国实施人力资源战略的主要策略选择,提出对我国实施人力资源战略实施的一些启示。     

Latin American ‘free-trade unionism’ and the cold War: an analysis based on educational policies

The political education of workers and their leaders was viewed as a strategic concern in the cold war period’s bipolar world. This article discusses how this issue was dealt with by Latin American reformist trade unions grouped together in the Inter-American Regional Organization of Workers (ORIT, for its Spanish acronym), analyzing the educational policies promoted by its Inter-American Institute for Labor Studies (IIES), focusing specifically on its educational program for trade union instructors. We argue that the nature of the education provided changed, shifting from a rationale based on explicit ideological confrontation to a more focalized technical type of training. We claim that this shift started in the early 1960s, when the Alliance for Progress was launched.     

The resurgence of populism in Latin America

Contemporary manifestations of “neopopulism” are situated in an analysis of the role of political institutions in capitalist societies, and the idea of structural and institutional crisis. It is argued that “populist” and “neopopulist” discourse alike must be understood in terms of their relationship to specific conjunctural projects for the reorientation of capitalist reproduction. This approach directs attention back to the contrasting conjunctures in which classical populist and contemporary neopopulist political projects were launched. It also provides a basis on which contemporary projects which adopt elements of populist strategy and discourse can be compared and evaluated.     

欧美志愿服务与现代公民教育

在很多欧美国家,伴随着个人主义在20世纪带来的许许多多社会问题,越来越重视公民教育。志愿服务是实现公民教育的一个重要渠道.志愿服务的本质是一种公民精神,具有普遍的社会意义,是人类精神文明的一个重要内容。志愿服务可以提高公民意识,帮助公民实现人生价值;同时它还可以激发公民的爱国热情,提高公民参与社会的能力,为公民教育提供了一个很好的实践机会。     

Using ‘Public Health Crossings’ to Create Community‐Based Rural Healthcare in Mexico: The Case of Two Health Centres in Xochimilco

Health centres established in Xochimilco, Mexico during the 1930s and 1940s represent a larger shift in the national health agenda from training medical students in rural health to addressing the specific health challenges of rural communities. While the 1935 centre offered urban students practical experience in rural environments, it did not adequately address the area's health problems. In contrast, the 1947 centre utilised improved community exchanges to enhance the region's health and sanitation. This decade of transformation resulted from a network of politicians, international organisations, and health professionals who helped to establish broader community‐based public health programmes in rural Mexico.     

Public Opinion Surveys and USA Foreign Policy Towards Latin America in the Second World War

In this paper, the roles of public opinion polls and agency in foreign policymaking are examined. Based on documents uncovered from the National Archives and Rockefeller Archive Center, this paper presents a more comprehensive picture of the history of public opinion surveys and the shaping of US bureaucracy in their relation to foreign affairs. Further, the paper contends that policymakers are interested in public views pertaining to foreign policy issues, but that private interests (serving their own interpretations of national interest) shape public views, using new techniques as guiding tools.     

Regulatory reforms,normative changes,and performance: Evidence from the electricity sector in Latin America

Over the past three decades the Latin American region has experienced various regulatory reforms, and distinctive normative changes have been introduced in the framework, instruments, or procedures adopted by independent regulatory agencies (IRAs). While there is evidence that the establishment of an IRA positively affects regulated sector performance, little is known about the effects of these additional legal dispositions when incorporated in primary or secondary legislation. However, normative changes may shape IRAs' actual regulatory activities and the signals they send to their stakeholders, potentially influencing sectoral performance. This research traces the evolution of several instruments and procedures legally adopted by IRAs located in Latin America and comprehensively assesses the influence of these normative changes on the performance dimensions of the electricity sector. We built indexes that describe the adoption of specific legal dispositions in the region. These indexes reveal that the evolution of the normative dispositions varies in terms of extent, context, and timing of adoption. In addition, the changes are not equally or even positively associated with specific performance dimensions. While economic regulatory instruments shape many performance dimensions, “soft” procedural dispositions also play an important role in perceptions of quality in the electricity sector.     

共产党领导的桂北游击队的发展壮大

1947年7月,中国共产党在桂北领导了农民武装起义,打击了国民党桂系的县、区乡政权。桂北游击队和游击队党组织的诞生,威慑和打击了国民党桂系的反动统治,在广西特别在桂北一带产生了极大的政治影响。游击队壮大后,在桂北建立了纵横百里的游击区,牵制了国民党桂系的正规军,协助四野解放了桂北各县,成为建设人民政权的主干力量。     

British Trade with the Spanish Colonies, 1788–1795

British trade with colonial Spanish America was largely contraband, and detailed statistical data describing its value and character are notoriously scarce. This article presents what is very probably the only detailed survey of a major branch of the trade which exists for any period, describing the trade of the British colonies in the Caribbean and North America in the years 1788–1795. Data are given both for tonnage of shipping and for type and value of commodities traded, with particular focus on the import trade. The work is based on a unique statistical series recently discovered in the Public Record Office, London.     

Video Games and Violence: Legislating on the ‘Politics of Confusion’

This article explores the way that politicians and legislators have responded to concerns over the link between videogames and violence in the UK, particularly in terms of ensuring that inappropriate content remains inaccessible to minors. It explores the recent changes to the regulatory framework centred on videogames, arguing that the move to a universal statutory framework has implications that are more symbolic than real‐policy is still underpinned by the ‘precautionary principle’ and the framework remains equally likely to be undermined by the actions of parents who ignore ratings and purchase age‐inappropriate games for their children. Perhaps predictably, the political establishment has been unwilling to engage with this parental neglect, attributing it to ‘ignorance’ and ‘the need for a simplification of the ratings system’. This paper argues that such responses are essentially a smokescreen used by governments which are understandably unwilling to take prosecutions into the home and retail space.