Strategy of Chinese policy entrepreneurs in the third sector: challenges of “Technical Infeasibility”

Studies of policy entrepreneurs have become a staple of public policy research. Very few such studies deal with the circumstances of China. This paper aims to remedy this oversight by exploring the mechanisms of policy change in China. Using John Kingdon’s Multiple Streams (MS) Model, the author develops the “Technical Infeasibility Model.” The paper tests the MS model’s applicability to China by examining strategies put forth by Chinese policy entrepreneurs in the third sector. It considers how they may successfully promote change by using a strategy of proposing a relatively radical policy concept that is politically acceptable and technically infeasible to policy makers. To illustrate such a strategy, this paper considers a case of policy change involving Chinese urban vagrants. The policy on “Detention and Repatriation,” which was first implemented in 1982, was challenged following the Sun Zhigang Incident in March 2003. Shortly thereafter law scholars filed two suggestion letters to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee calling for a constitutionality review of the Detention and Repatriation System. Though it was “technically infeasible” to air such a proposal in China at that time, the State Council initiated action to abolish certain provisions of the Detention and Repatriation System. However, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee did not conduct a constitutionality review.

The use and non-use of policy appraisal tools in public policy making: an analysis of three European countries and the European Union

The increasing complexity of policy problems, coupled with the political desire to base new policies on the foundation of firm evidence, has accelerated the development of policy assessment tools. These range from complex computer models and cost benefit analysis through simple checklists and decision trees. In the last decade, many governments have established formal policy assessment systems to harness these tools in order to facilitate more evidence-based policy making. These tools are potentially widely available, but to what extent are they used by policy makers and what becomes of the evidence that they generate? This paper addresses these questions by studying the empirical patterns of tool use across 37 cases in three European countries and the European Commission. It uses a simple classification of tools into advanced, formal and simple types. It finds that even when tools are embedded in policy assessment systems, their use is differentiated and on the whole very limited, in particular when it comes to more advanced tools. It then explores these patterns from contrasting theoretical perspectives to shed light on why, when and how different policy assessment tools are used in the policy process.     

从教育模式转变看高等学校教育改革

高等教育由应试教育向素质教育转变是知识经济背景下的必然选择,目前高校教育改革包括教育观念、教学内容、教师考核等诸多方面,制度创新是高等教育改革的关键.     

中国共产党人认识真理、改造世界的新成就——江泽民“七一”讲话提出的十大创新问题

江泽民“七·一”讲话是新时代的中国共产党宣言。它从概括党的历史经验、揭示“三个代表”重要思想、解放思想实事求是的科学内涵、研究和把握基本规律的新观念等十个方面阐述了我党在一系列重大理论和实践问题上形成的新认识。     

浙江省不同组织类型私营企业发展的比较研究

近几年来,浙江私营经济出现了从初级的传统市场经济向高级的现代市场经济演变的生动画面,企业制度的发展呈现出从个体作坊、家庭工商业逐步向现代公司制企业发展的鲜明特点;企业的产权结构从比较封闭单一逐步走向开放和多元化;企业领导层构成逐步社会化、职业化;家庭成员居多的现象逐步减少,管理人员与技术人员开始较多地参与企业高层决策;企业开始注重建立自己的销售网络,建立独立或合作的研究开发机构。     

美国国会对中美关系的影响

中美关系是一对重要的大国关系,但是中美关系的发展一直跌宕起伏,不太顺利.究其原因,美国国会在对华政策方面的作用是重要的,在阻碍中美关系发展的诸多问题上起了推波助澜的作用.其间,两党间的斗争、国会与总统的权力较量、利益集团的活动,以及意识形态上的分歧,都是影响国会立场的重要因素.布什政府的对华政策尚处在调整阶段,除不可避免地继续受到来自国会方面的牵制外,还有其他多种因素的制约.因此虽然总体表现较为强硬,但不会与克林顿政府的对华政策轨迹有质的偏离.     

论新经济组织团建工作中的创新意识

在改革开放形势下 ,新经济组织如雨后春笋般的蓬勃发展 ,新经济组织的团建工作也必须跟随形势有创新意识 :在观念上应充分认识其重要性和紧迫性 ;在组织上要适应组织的发展趋势和劳动组合方式 ;在活动内容和方式上要贴近企业 ,突出质量和效益 ;在管理机制上要灵活多样、高效创新     

在全面深化改革中更充分地 发挥工会组织的作用 一基于辽宁省工会创新工作模式的调查

辽宁省各级工会不断努力探索,构建工会创新工作新棋式,包括基层工会活力建设“3+×”工作模式 区域性与行业性叠加式工资集体协商模式、普遍推行基层工会主席直接民主选举模式。这些创新模式中的很多探索性 做法,比如设立自选项目、以职工满意度为标准、提高规范化程度以及建设量化评估体系等,都取得了很好的成效, 为全国工会创新工作的开展积累了大量经验。但工会创新工作的进一步推进还面临着诸如制度落地困难、代表性组织 缺失、劳动关系主体双方认识不够和相关制度衔接等制约性因素。对辽宁省工会创新工作模式的经验和制约性因素的 解析能够给全国工会创新工作的开展以启示。     

《毒品识别与检验》实验教学体系创新性探索

目前公安教育普遍面临着实验教学体系薄弱的现状,在教学中为培养具有综合能力和创新能力的禁毒警察,改变现阶段禁毒民警业务知识薄弱的现状,我院禁毒学专业对“毒品识别与检验”实验教学体系进行改革,进行创新性教育的探索。     

治安管理创新引论

创新是治安管理实践的需要。面对不断变化的社会治安形势,根据管理创新的理论成果,治安管理应从理论创新、观念创新、组织创新和职能创新四个层面着手。治安管理创新对推动治安管理工作具有重要的现实意义。