论高校学位纠纷的司法审查边界

高校学位纠纷中的司法审查是促进学位立法完善的重要推动力。在司法审查中,程序违法对实体问题认定的影响范围、对校规中学术标准的审查力度以及判决类型的选择适用标准都需要进一步明确,以统一裁判尺度,衔接司法与立法,促进学术评价走向真正的学术自治。在司法审查路径上,为实现权利保护,应建立程序与实体全面审查路径,将程序正当性和程序对实体的影响度纳入司法审查范围,并对学位授予的品行要件和学术要件确立不同的审查原则与例外。在司法审查深度上,为实质化解争议,应将高校对于学位争议事项是否尚存实际的裁量余地作为选择适用行政判决类型的标准,区分有裁量余地的学术标准和外观化的学术标准。     

Climate Change and UK Politics: From Brynle Williams to Sir Nicholas Stern

In 2000 the UK Labour government abandoned annual real fuel duty increases - a policy it had inherited from the preceding Conservative administration - in the face of direct action by farmers and hauliers. A short-term Conservative lead in the polls opened up. In 2006, the same Chancellor, Gordon Brown, announced an increase in air passenger duty from February 2007 in the light of the newly published Stern Review. The opposition parties denounced this as too feeble.
As Stern points out, all citizens in the world are in a global N-person prisoners' dilemma. Everybody knows that a world without global warming is better than a world with it; but each actor is unconditionally better off from continuing to pollute than from restraining her polluting.
Everybody expects somebody else to drive less. Now, however, all parties have committed themselves to tax and/or emission trading policies to mitigate global warming. The paper examines this transition.     

The embarrassment of riches? A meta-analysis of individual-level research on voter turnout

Voter turnout has puzzled political scientists ever since Anthony Downs postulated the paradox of voting. Despite decades of research aiming to understand what drives citizens to the polls, the jury is still out on what the foundations of micro-level turnout are. This paper aims to provide a modest yet important contribution by taking a step back and summarizing where we stand and what we know. To this end, we review 90 empirical studies of individual level voter turnout in national elections published in ten top-journals during the past decade (2000–2010). Through a meta-analysis of the results reported in these studies, this paper identifies those factors that are consistently linked to individual level turnout.     

The Europeanisation of conflict: Reflections from a social movement perspective

If Europe is becoming a polity, then regular patterns of social and political conflict ‐ both institutional and non‐institutional ‐ will emerge between citizen groups and decision‐making authorities. Although we are beginning to have a substantial body of research on institutionalised interest group interaction at the European level, we know much less about non‐institutionalised forms of contentious collective action that have European policies as their targets. Using social movement theory, several varieties of such collective action can be identified. Based on the theory of political opportunity structure, it is shown why one of these forms ‐ actions intended to bring national states’ power to bear against European policies — appears to have a rich and turbulent future.     

近年来总体国家安全观研究述评

总体国家安全观是适应新时代历史方位的新型国家安全观,自提出以来就受到学术界广泛关注。文章从总体国家安全观的内容构成、主要特征以及实践路径三个角度着手,对已有研究成果进行了系统梳理和分析,探索既有研究的特征和优势,同时也指出存在的薄弱环节和不足之处。未来的研究应完整梳理总体国家安全观理论体系、深挖科学内涵,着眼中国特色、细化主要特征、关注制度建构、探索协同实践,从而为国家总体安全工作的进一步发展提供更有力的理论支持。     

Books received

The Economy of Bangladesh. By Azizur Rahman Khan. London : Macmillan and New York: St. Martins Press, 1972. Pp. xviii + 196; £4.95.

Matching Employment Opportunities and Expectations: A Programme of Action for Ceylon. Report by the International Labour Office. Geneva, 1971. Pp. xvii + 251; £1.60 and U.S.$4.

Price Consistency in Development Planning. By Peter A. Cornelisse. Rotterdam University Press, 1973. Pp. xiv + 154 n.p.

The Mexican Economy: Twentieth‐Century Structure and Growth. By Clark W. Reynolds. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970. Pp. xxiv, 468; £6.05.

Nutrition, National Development and Planning. Edited by A. Berg, N. S. Scrimshaw and D. L. Call. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T., 1973. Pp. 400. £4–50.

The Nutrition Factor: its Role in National Development. By Alan Berg, Portions with Robert J. Muscat. Washington: The Brookings Institution, 1973. Pp. xii 4‐ 290, Tables, Figures. $8.95.

The Ecology of Malnutrition in Mexico and Central America. By Jacques M. May and Donna L. McLellan. New York: Hafner, 1972. Pp. xiii + 397, tables, maps; £7.50.

The Ecology of Malnutrition in the Caribbean. By Jacques M. May and Donna L. McLellan. New York: Hafner, 1973. Pp. viii + 490, tables, maps; £9.95.     

马克思主义学习型政党研究述评

党的十七届四中全会以来,学界对建设马克思主义学习型政党进行了广泛的研究,主要围绕建设马克思主义学习型政党的背景和目标、马克思主义学习型政党的含义和特征、我们党建设马克思主义学习型政党的历史进程以及建设马克思主义学习型政党的对策与建议等四个方面进行了探讨。今后应进一步深化理论研究,建立科学有效的评估机制,建设学习型政党的可持续发展机制。     

看守所制度的规则系统检视与建构

看守所制度的规则系统具有形式上零散、内容上发展不平衡、演变滞后、规则内容和形式均相对封闭、演变方向明确的特征。产生前述状态的原因是看守所的地位不明确、基于犯罪是"邪恶的"的传统文化而产生的被羁押人员是"邪恶的"的认识、看守所制度规则的零散化和相对秘密化。看守所制度规则系统应当附属于刑事诉讼法的母系统,包括调整看守所和被羁押人员的关系、看守所与司法机关之间的关系、看守所和辩护人及诉讼代理人的关系以及保障看守所秩序的规范。这些规范在形式上表现为全国立法机构制定的法律、为保障法律实施的各种解释、看守所的内部管理规则和外部秩序保障规范的三级规范。     

死刑核准权归位后的程序正当性分析

死刑核准权归位是解决死刑核准权异化,根除下放所造成的立法矛盾和实务问题的惟一选择。死刑复核程序的诉讼化改造要求贯彻书面审和开庭审相结合,事实审与法律审相结合,书面审则实行阅卷与提审被告人相结合;立法应当明确赋予死刑复核程序中被告人的律师辩护权和当面陈述权;死刑复核程序仍然应当明确时限规定;检察机关有权对死刑复核程序实行法律监督,监督的方式是抗诉和检察建议;我国死刑复核程序不宜实行三审终审制改造,也不宜只实行法律审。     

国内学界的网格化管理研究:回顾、反思与展望

近年来,网格化管理不仅是地方实践热点,也是我国学术研究热点之一。基于对既有文献的回顾可以发现:网格化管理实践逐渐走上了管理与服务并重的发展轨道,并已成为国家治理基层社会的重要政策工具;随着实践的发展,网格化管理研究主题不断被扩展与细化,研究话语逐渐从管理话语体系转向了治理话语体系,研究议题的设置深受地方实践与国家政策话语的影响;作为一种行政主导下的社会管理创新实践,网格化管理虽然在权力下沉、资源整合、清晰化治理、精准化服务等方面具有优势,但其强烈的技术化与行政化属性,不仅不利于社区自治力量的成长,而且还暗含着基层治理的"内卷化"风险;网格化治理与网络化治理是当前学界重点讨论的议题。在未来的研究中,应综合运用规范与实证、定性与定量等研究方法,从理论与经验层面进行全方位学理分析,以期能够用丰富的经验材料与事实证据讲好中国基层治理故事,最终生产出能够指导社会发展的新知识。