国家间公共政策的转移——概念、研究态势和理论

公共政策的制定者在决策过程中往往通过某种方式来参考其它国家的决策者在相似情况下的做法,包括正面经验和负面教训。这种政策转移(Policy Transfer)现象是公共政策制定和制度创新在现实中的一种主要途径和方式。论述分三个部分:首先,简述了政策转移的概念化过程,辨别了和其它相近概念的异同;其次,勾勒了本课题研究的多学科、多方法和多层次的态势,列举和介绍了一些代表性的研究实例;最后,探讨了相关的理论生成的问题。通过对有关政策转移问题研究的回顾、分析和总结,强调了我国政策转移中大量转移实践和理论研究缺失之间的矛盾现象;提出了开展我国政策转移研究的必要性和关注点;旨在引起我国公共政策的制定者和学者对这一课题的重视,为公共政策有关的决策实践和理论研究提供一个观察、分析和决策的角度。     

From CNOOC to Huawei: securitization,the China threat,and critical infrastructure

ABSTRACT

This article uses critical discourse analysis to examine how China has been constructed as an existential threat by the United States. Specifically, it explores how US reactions to the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) in 2005 created precedent for similar reactions to Huawei a decade later. It uses these case studies to demonstrate how the interplay between the China threat and security discourses of critical infrastructure has worked to successfully securitize China within broader American discourse. These examinations demonstrate a deliberate and protracted securitization of China by US elites, and they support more critical approaches to securitization theory that emphasize cumulative and incremental aspects over a securitized/de-securitized binary. Discourse analysis of key texts allows the reader to uncover how security issues are socially constructed, and discursive examinations of CNOOC and Huawei illustrate how concerns about national security are now employed in everyday American political discourse so that the China Threat Discourse has become the primary reading of China by US observers.     

高职商务英语专业学生语言综合能力提升途径——基于ESP需求分析理论的视角

ESP需求分析理论要求,ESP课程的教学应该以目标岗位的能力要求为依托。商务英语作为ESP的重要分支,其教学过程也应该遵循这一原则。因此,在商务英语专业的语言教学过程中,通过对本专业目标岗位群进行统计分析,再依据这些岗位对语言方面的能力要求形成本专业语言综合能力的内涵,以此为总体要求来厘清专业能力的培养目标,指导语言教学,提升学生的语言综合能力。     

特大城市社会风险恢复机制之法制优化研究——以行政法为视角

特大城市社会风险恢复机制应包括善后恢复机制、调查评估机制、救助补偿机制、规划重建机制等多方面内容,然而当前我国特大城市在社会风险恢复环节并没有完全契合法治发展要求,在其运行机制中存在诸多合法性危机。通过梳理、总结和借鉴美国、日本的特大城市社会风险恢复机制的建构及其法治化之成功经验,可从行政法视角提出健全和优化我国特大城市社会风险恢复机制相关法律制度应当遵循的基本原则、总体思路和具体方案设计。     

中国后扶贫时代中的返贫风险控制策略——基于风险源分析与人力资源开发视角

党的十九届五中全会明确将“巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果”作为“民生福祉达到新水平”的重要任务。巩固扶贫成果的关键在于防止返贫,而防止返贫的关键在于控制返贫风险。基于新中国农村扶贫的实践与政策分析,当前中国存在救济型扶贫、保障型扶贫、易地搬迁型扶贫、开发型扶贫和参与型扶贫五种扶贫模式,可以分析比较出不同扶贫模式下返贫的直接风险源和根本风险源。借助人力资源开发理论与方法,可以从自我开发、培训开发、岗位开发、干部开发、组织开发等方面实现风险控制,为地方政府与领导干部防止返贫风险与实现乡村振兴提供了有效参考。     

审计风险的成因

随着我国市场经济的发展,审计作为重要的经济监督部门发挥着越来越重要的作用,但随之而来的就是审计风险也越来越大。如何防范和控制审计风险成了审计的一项重要工作。     

An Economic Analysis of a Swedish Environmental Liability Case

A High Court case illustrates Swedish legal reasoning. The case extends the use of strict liability, although the main liability rule is negligence. The aim of the paper is to show the usefulness of the economic analysis in a practical case. The case concerns liability for damages caused by a leaky, hot-water pipe. The defendant maintained that it should not be held liable because it had not acted negligently, and the district court and the court of appeals supported the defence. Nevertheless, the High Court decided on strict liability. The High Court used a line of argumentation that, partly and implicitly, may have been economically correct. However, the precedence was most limited and unclear. Given an explicit goal of economic efficiency, the precedence would, in this simple and straightforward case, be that strict liability should prevail where the cause is unilateral and the injurer is able to cover and/or insure the loss.     

律师刑事豁免权研究

律师在刑事诉讼中担任辩护人、诉讼代理人 ,为实现司法公正 ,保障人权作出重要贡献 ,同时也承担了巨大的风险。律师刑事豁免权是律师在刑事诉讼过程中维护委托人合法权益和降低律师执业风险的有力保障     

吉林省民营经济症结分析与发展路径研究

吉林省民营经济发展起步晚、规模小、效益不高、结构不合理,与发达地区相比还明显处于落后状态。而市场的约束、融资瓶颈的制约、发展环境差、缺少优秀企业家队伍等都是吉林省民营经济发展落后的症结;从振兴东北老工业基地出发,民营经济的发展对吉林省经济社会的发展将起到不可或缺的作用。因此,全社会应达成共识,积极营造民营经济健康、公平、快速、持续发展的社会环境,使之获得更大的发展。     

Affect Regulation and the Cycle of Violence Against Women: New Directions for Understanding the Process

The process of the intergenerational transmission of violence is not well understood. A risk and resilience model of criminal violence against women was investigated using secondary data. The sample was composed of adolescent male juvenile delinquents who had been physically abused by their parents, and who were followed up at ages 25 and 31. A series of structural equation models were fit to investigate whether dysregulated affect mediated the effects of attachment and family chaos on the adult perpetration of violence against women. These models support the hypothesis that affect dysregulation may act as a mediator. Results raise new ideas about the mechanisms by which violence may be transmitted across generations.