No room at the inn: American responses to Australian immigration policies, 1946–54

ABSTRACT

After the Second World War, Australia introduced a new immigration policy based on the concept of ‘populate or perish’. Through the International Refugee Organization (IRO), 170,000 DPs migrated to Australia between 1947 and 1950, funded by the United Nations and the Australian government. Jews were largely excluded from this programme and the Minister for Immigration even prohibited the IRO from continuing to support the migration to Australia, based on family reunion, of individual Jewish survivors. In addition, the Australian government introduced other discriminatory policies that ensured that Jews remained only 0.5 per cent of the overall population. Based on archival research in the files of the Hebrew Immigration Aid Society and the American Joint Distribution Committee, Rutland and Encel analyse the entrenched racism in Australian society that contributed to these policies, and the reactions of the American Jewish leadership to them.     

协商民主在中国生长的土壤——从传统社会的价值观念角度分析

协商民主是西方社会为修补选举民主而提出的民主的一种形式,又叫慎议民主。但是就协商民主的实践来看,中国政治体制已经走在这种民主模式的前列。本文以传统中国社会的价值观念予以阐述剖析,协商的传统根生于中国社会。     

The impact of organisational attributes on political participation: results of a multi‐level survey from Switzerland

Abstract: The notion of civil society associations as schools of democracy has resulted in models of political participation that place an emphasis on membership in civic associations as a means of developing personal skills that are conducive to political participation. These suppositions seem well established. It is still contested, however, to what extent the particular characteristics of the associations that offer such membership have an impact on civic engagement. Expanding recent research that mainly builds on group characteristics aggregated from the characteristics of the associations’ members, we apply the Swiss part of a unique multi‐level data set, the CID‐data, which provides information about approx. 1000 activists from about 400 associations. This data allows us to measure group characteristics, such as the function of an association and its connection to the local elite, directly and thus provides us with a special opportunity for a multi‐level analysis of activists nested in organisations.     

风险最糟糕情景认知模式及行政法制之改革

以行为决策学关于风险认知的两种模式及其相互关系的理论,阐述了政府官员（公众）对风险最糟糕情景的判断过程,从个体情感角度揭示其过度反应或反应不足的原因;运用社会心理学中的易（非易）得性启示及概率忽视的原理,进一步分析了政府官员（公众）过度反应或反应不足的机理。从行政法角度而言,政府对风险的最糟糕情景反应不足或过度反应都是不具有合法性的行政行为。为确保政府科学管理风险最糟糕情景,行政法需要进行制度变革。这些改革措施包括：组建风险最糟糕情景模拟实验室,定期公布模拟结果;建立并更新风险最糟糕情景信息超级数据库,以及确定相应的预警标准;成立超级风险规制机构以及设计更为精致和灵敏的分析性工具。     

坚持严打整治斗争方针 构建社会主义和谐社会

2007年全国政法工作会议提出:推进和谐社会建设,必须坚定不移地推进严打整治斗争,努力保持社会的平安、稳定、有序。因此,提出深化严打整治斗争的六项措施,才能确保构建社会主义和谐社会。     

Mediators or partners? Practitioner perspectives on partnership

Partnership has become a key word in the jargon of international development. This article presents the results of research into the perspectives of Cambodian and Filipino NGO workers on their funding relationships. Largely confirming the negative literature about partnership, practitioners generally expressed a view that their relationships with funders are not consistent with the rhetoric of power sharing and collaboration that often accompanies discussions of the subject. In spite of this, practitioners articulated a desire for collaborative relationships with Northern organisations, ideally with a greater focus on the local context and personal relationships. Practitioners believe that an important part of their role is mediating development in order to make it more relevant and responsive.     

被治理者政治的建构——评帕萨·查特杰的政治社会理论

印度"底层研究"(subaltem studies)的著名学者帕萨·查特杰(Partha Chattelilee)对目前盛行的公民社会理论提出了质疑.查特杰认为规范性的公民社会理论无法解释印度的现实情况,故提出"政治社会"的概念和理论,以弥补公民社会理论的短处,维护印度底层社会成员的权益.查特杰对印度社会底层的民主参与做出了具有新意的论证,但其政治社会理论尚有不足之处.     

Blurring the dimensions of privacy? Law enforcement and trusted traveler programs

Risk has become a ubiquitous tool for security governance. This paper analyzes the ongoing shift in airport/aviation security from rule-based to risk-based screening. Seeking to explore the effects of data based passenger risk assessment on privacy through the collection and processing of personal data, it is argued that risk is likely to enroll passengers into a partly voluntary, partly enforced membership in trusted traveler schemes in order to enhance the database, thus enabling a more precise assessment of risk levels. In a disciplinary spatial setting, the once distinct privacy dimensions of citizen-state and consumer-market become increasingly blurred, as law enforcement authorities seek to exploit data that was originally obtained for commercial purposes to improve risk calculations.     

新时期化解社会矛盾的新型机制研究

我国正处于社会矛盾的凸显期，防范和化解社会矛盾，已成为维护社会稳定的首要任务。针对现阶段我国社会矛盾的范围、形态、程度呈现出的新格局与主体多元化、成因复杂化、处理关联化、形态对抗化等新型特点，从改革和完善决策机制层面加强对政府公共机制、整合机制、利益诉求表达机制、调处机制与权益保障机制等社会矛盾化解机制的研究，既是构建社会主义和谐社会需要解决的重大理论问题，也是从根本上预防与化解日益复杂的社会矛盾的重大实践。     

Staatseingriffe im Markt fuer Versicherung gegen Naturkatastrophen

Wir fassen kurz die wichtigsten Ergebnisse unserer Länderstudien im Gebäudeversicherungsmarkt zusammen. Wir versuchen aus unseren Beobachtungen Schlüsse zu ziehen, wie die Versicherung gegen Naturkatastrophen institutionell organisiert werden sollte. Wir kommen zum Ergebnis, dass aus Gründen der Effizienz (niedrigere Verwaltungs‐ und Vertriebskosten) und um Probleme der Risikoselektion zu vermeiden, öffentlichen Monopolen auf diesem Markt eine wichtige Rolle zukommen sollte. Ein weiterer gewichtiger Vorteil der Monopollösung ist die Tatsache, dass diese Institutionen starke Anreize haben, sich für eine effiziente Prävention einzusetzen.