Does Federalism Matter for Biopolicies? Switzerland in Comparative Perspective

This article analyses how federalism matters for the policy‐designing process and the resulting policies in the field of Assisted Reproductive Technology through the comparison of four countries, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium and Canada. It reconstructs from an actor‐centred perspective how federalism interacts with other country and policy‐field specific characteristics and empirically assesses how this interaction influenced the final policies. By focusing on Assisted Reproductive Technology, the article examines the potential influence of federalism on public policies beyond the standard discussion of the comparative political economy of federalism.     

从收继婚风俗看明代的律例

明代的律例严格禁止收继婚，可是，严厉的法律不但没有根除收继婚，收继婚反而作为社会一种风俗习惯而普遍存在。为什么法律严格禁止却根除不了收继婚?为什么收继婚普遍存在而法律却显得苍白无力?这其中有政府对法律推行不力的原因，也有传统风俗习惯沉积的原因，更有伦理道德方面的因素。用法律去禁止近乎人情和社会基本认同的事情，固然有移风易俗方面的功效，但法律的公正性和严肃性必然要受到挑战，而有禁不止所带来的副作用，更合使法律的尊严受到破坏。     

Mapping the production of political communications: a model to assist in understanding the relationships between the production and consumption of political messages

High public interest today in political communications such as ‘spin’ and in political participation such as electoral turnout suggests that there may be value in exploring the processes by which political messages are produced and consumed, and their inter‐relationship with participation. It may be that what citizen‐voters think of message production influences how they consume political news and publicity (through observing and evaluating), and that the propensity to political participation is subsequently affected. This paper offers a model which traces the production of political communications, starting at their origins in the political class, and flowing via traditional political journalism or controlled media and new media to citizen‐voters who both observe and evaluate them (ie consume them) before, during and after making any political choices. It is hypothesised that the observation and evaluation of message production and content by political consumers influences both their types and levels of participation. Research of this nature into political organisations is relatively rare. Similarly, there is little evidence of investigations into other aspects highlighted in the model: attitudes of the political class towards political communications, the production of political communications before they reach the media and how they are received by the media, and their consumption by citizen‐voters in relation to the propensity to participate in politics. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications     

性别意识与中国现代女作家的创作追求

现代女性的性别觉醒及其性别重塑,是对女性自我历史命运的一次深刻的性别自救。这种新女性形象的塑造,体现了现代女作家以解构男权性爱霸权,建构女性情爱主体为旨归的创作追求。     

Social networks and non‐market strategy

To date, the field of non‐market strategy has little to offer in the way of an integrated perspective on the simultaneous management of strategic issues and corporate stakeholders. This paper employs social network analysis to make a number of theoretically grounded conjectures about the delicate relationships between stakeholder behaviour and issue evolution. It is found that social network analysis has the potential to enrich and integrate theoretical perspectives in the field of non‐market strategy, offering solutions to a set of previously unresolved puzzles. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications     

Of change,training and public affairs in Europe

European public affairs practitioners need to be increasingly professional in their reactions to an EU undergoing transformational change. The paper offers a comprehensive summary of the subtleties of institutional change in Commission, Parliament and Council in 2004. In particular, the author argues that expansion from 15 member states to 25 has fundamentally changed the nature of the Union's politics and the skills required to influence it. This new EU requires more of practitioners than experience and amateur instinct: to achieve results and avoid restrictive regulation, the public affairs community must adopt effective training strategies, challenging competence targets and regular self‐assessment of its performance and ethics. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications     

对城市失业下岗女性、女大学生和女性知识分子自我创业的比较分析

本研究选择了三类典型的女性群体,包括女性知识分子、女大学生和失业下岗女性,对其创业意愿、创业条件、创业能力、创业方向、创业预期等进行比较分析。研究针对女性创业的共性问题和困难提出构建女性创业支持体系的基本思路,并提出应针对不同类型女性创业提供阶梯性保障和针对性扶助对策。     

家族祭祀制度中的女性--对桂东南客家家族某村落的考察

国内外学者对于中国家族制度的研究已有多方面的成果,这些研究着重探讨家族制度与社会、民族、国家之间的关系。以往对家族制度文化的研究基本上是站在父权制的立场上进行的,长期以来,女性在家族制度中的地位和作用和女性自己的声音被普遍忽视。文章采用了女性研究中的访谈调查法和个案研究法,在获得的田野资料和吸收前人研究成果的基础上,尝试以社会性别的角度切入家族这一社会组织民俗中,通过对桂东南一个客家家族的个案分析,探讨家族祭祀制度与女性之间的关系。研究发现,家族祭祀体系中女性祖先的地位与男性祖先没有本质上的区别,传统的社会性别制度决定了血缘女性宗亲不可能获得与男性同等的地位。     

对我国姻亲继承合理性的再思考

根据我国《继承法》，不仅丧偶儿媳或女婿对公婆或岳父母尽了主要赡养义务后能成为第一顺序继承人，继兄弟姐妹间、旧社会形成的一夫多妻家庭中子女与生母以外的父亲的其他配偶间形成扶养关系的，也均互有继承权，该规定直接突破了世界通行的继承权仅在血亲及配偶范围内的传统基础。无论从继承权产生的基础，还是从姻亲继承产生的源流上分析，我国基于赡养扶助行为授予姻亲继承权都是对继承权基础的直接违背，也是对现实生活中民众继承习惯的背离。通过对姻亲的赡养扶助行为与继承权关系的分析，找出合理的路径与渠道对其实施赡养扶助行为后的权益进行补偿，始为正确的选择。