Developmental Antecedents of Interpartner Violence in a New Zealand Birth Cohort

This paper examines the developmental antecedents of interpartner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration in a New Zealand birth cohort (n = 828). The study found: (a) IPV occurred in 70% of relationships, with conflict ranging from minor psychological abuse to severe assault; (b) men and women reported similar experiences of victimization and perpetration of IPV; (c) exposure to abuse in childhood, family dysfunction and adversity, childhood and adolescent conduct problems, and alcohol abuse/dependence were significant predictors of IPV victimization and perpetration at age 25; and (d) the antecedents of IPV were largely the same for males and females, although the specific effects of these risk factors differed according to gender. Conduct disorder was more strongly predictive of IPV for females, whereas family adversity was more strongly predictive of IPV victimisation for males.     

Gender equity and social capital in smallholder farmer groups in central Mozambique

This case study from Búzi district, Mozambique investigated whether gender equality, in terms of male and female participation in groups, leads to gender equity in sharing of benefits from the social capital created through the group. Exploring the complex connection between gender, groups, and social capital, we found that gender equity is not necessarily achieved by guaranteeing men and women equal rights through established by-laws, or dealing with groups as a collective entity. While there were no significant differences in the investment patterns of men and women in terms of participation in group activities and contribution of communal work, access to leadership positions and benefits from social capital were unequally distributed. Compared with men, women further found it difficult to transform social relations into improved access to information, access to markets, or help in case of need.     

对我国法学教育改革创新的理性思考

我国当前的法学教育虽然获得较快的发展,但在教育理念、教学方式、同质化方面与社会经济发展的要求有较大差距。加入WTO后,这种差距将越来越明显,对我国法制建设和“依法治国”战略的实施带来滞后影响。面对机遇和挑战,必须对当前我国法学教育存在的弊端进行改革,重新对我国法学教育进行定位,并加强国际法学教育交流,借鉴世界先进法学教育理念与模式,加快我国法学教育的发展。     

论行刑个别化原则之确立

监狱的行刑运作必须遵循一定的活动原则.行刑个别化原则是特定行刑目的的派生物,是刑罚目的之于行刑的个别化要求,是一定时期刑罚制度及其理论在行刑观念上的折射.对分娩于国外监狱并为现代西方刑罚综合理论所极力主张的行刑个别化原则,我们应取其合理成份,弃其虚伪内容,坚持自己的发展方向.     

提高成人高等教育学士学位授予工作水平的思考

成人高等教育作为普通高校教育工作的重要组成部分,必须落实科学发展观,遵循成人教育规律,找准教育定位,提高人材培养和学士学位授予的质量。     

Facing death in the early days of life: Inequality between the sexes in enlightenment demographic thought

The first measurements of differential mortality by sex took place at the end of the seventeenth century. Once its existence has been clearly shown during the eighteenth century by the works of Struyck, Kersseboom, Süssmilch, Deparcieux and others, what analysis emerged? If one of the two sexes benefited from a longer life, was this rule valid in all places and for all ages? All the demographers observed that such a difference began during infancy and childhood. How can it be explained that children were not equal in the face of death? Why did so many boys die before their teenage years? We can find several types of explanation: the will of God, the natural order, the biological constitution and the social habits of children of more than one year old.     

The Strategic Uses of Gender in Household Negotiations: Women Workers on Mexico's Northern Border

The study illustrates the potential of the 'doing gender' perspective to explain why employment does not always improve women's household–power. Eighteen in–depth interviews with women maquiladora workers in Mexico suggest that, depending on the gendered meanings of household negotiations, employment may help women gain new rights and extend the limits of respect accorded them by male companions and parents. Nevertheless, women were more successful when they used negotiating strategies that conformed to their gender identity, such as making offers , than when they used negotiating strategies that challenged traditional gender norms, such as withdrawing services or making threats .     

利用髋骨进行性别判别的的新方法

通过已知性别的干燥成人髋骨190副（男123副，女67副）进行研究，发现髋骨上界线的弧长、界线的弦长和孤高，以及髋臼的直径等值均存在着显著的性别差异。四项指标的单一性别判别准确率分别为78．42％、73．68％、74．74％及72．63％。分别利用前三项指标与髋臼直径的比值作为性别判别公式，判别准确率可达91．58％、8．95％、85．26％。利用筋骨进行性别判别建立新的方法。     

Sex offender (re)integration into the community: realities and challenges

Abstract

This paper explores the benefits of engaging with self-defined communities in Northern Ireland on the issue of sexual offending and argues the case for building on existing community structures, by identifying people with leadership skills and by empowering them with the knowledge, and with connections to statutory services, that will support public protection. We address the historical context in terms of the impact of the conflict on these communities and describe the role and experience of NIACRO working in Northern Ireland, in particular its Base2 project supporting people under threat. We reference the development of current statutory arrangements for Public Protection Arrangements for Northern Ireland (PPANI) and argue the case for preparing people in the community to receive and understand the messages promoted through PPANI on the basis of our belief that public education is most effective when the people receiving it are receptive.