监察机关留置问题研究

国家监察体制改革用留置取代“两规”措施,留置完成了从党内措施到国家监察措施的转变,成为监察机关采取的限制人身自由的强制性措施。留置措施适用程序,特别是提请留置的程序、决定程序、决定的人员和方式、通知家属的内容形式等一系列问题有待进一步研究和明确。案件移送检察机关审查起诉后,检察机关对被留置的对象作何处理,包括先行拘留,再根据案件情况以及犯罪嫌疑人的情况决定采取何种刑事强制措施程序,也需要研究和明确。监察机关将调查的职务犯罪案件移送检察机关之后,检察机关如果认为有事实和证据需要补充核实的将案件退回监察机关,此时案件仍然处于审查起诉阶段,犯罪嫌疑人应关押在看守所不应退回到留置状态,不应转移至监察机关办案场所。     

论摄影作品的保护

近几年来 ,有关摄影作品侵权案件屡见报端 ,由于摄影作品的特殊性 ,极容易与职务作品、委托作品、新闻作品发生竞合。本文试从摄影作品的含义、构成著作权法保护的条件入手 ,通过比较世界各国对摄影作品的相关规定 ,分别对职务摄影作品、委托摄影作品、新闻摄影作品著作权归属进行具体分析 ,最终提出我国对摄影作品保护的立法建议     

The Unusual Victim: Understanding the Specific Crime Processes and Motivations for Elderly Sexual Homicide

Sexual homicides involving elderly victims are rare and unusual crimes, and research specifically focusing on these homicides is almost inexistent. The current study investigates the crime commission process as well as the motivations underlying elderly sexual homicides. The sample comes from the Sexual Homicide International Database (SHIelD) including sexual homicide cases from Canada and France. A total of 56 cases involving victims aged 65 years or more were compared with 513 cases involving victims aged between 16 and 45 years old. Bivariate analyses and two-step cluster analysis are performed. Findings show major differences in the crime commission process of the two groups of offenders. We also identified a four-cluster typology of elderly sexual homicide offenders based on their motivations (sexual, robber, sadistic, experimental). Although sexual homicides involving elderly victims are rare, these crimes are different, presenting specificities and should be studied as a group on its own.     

监察委员会办理职务犯罪案件程序问题研究——以768份裁判文书为例

根据监察委员会成立以来法院作出的768份裁判文书的实证研究,职务犯罪案件委托律师辩护率高;留置期限整体较长、解除留置后逮捕率高;认罪认罚从宽制度和速裁程序适用率低;非法证据排除难;定案以言词证据为主,证据之间相互“印证”成为此类案件典型的办案模式。在具体操作中,还存在与刑事诉讼法衔接不畅的问题。基于此,应当保障辩护律师介入的时间和诉讼权利;提高留置措施的适用标准;明确职务犯罪案件中认罪认罚从宽制度适用标准和同步录音录像资料的调取、出示程序;庭审中应当贯彻直接言词原则,加强证据审核,建立证人、鉴定人和调查人员出庭作证机制。     

Political transitions and commissions of inquiry: the politicisation of accountability in Ghana

Abstract

What role does a commission of inquiry (COI) play in delivering accountability? In theory, when the public delegates power to political leaders to formulate and implement policies, they seek political accountability in return. Using Ghana as a case study, this study examines how the operations of COIs may deliver accountability. Principal–agent theories of accountability and African conceptions of legitimacy are incomplete on their own and need to be integrated into an explanation of political accountability that takes into consideration political transitions and the role of COIs in delivering a minimalist form of accountability. This study argues that a COI is an instrument of regime legitimatisation. The demands by citizens for political accountability in Ghana correlate with political transitions. Accompanying each power alternation was a different model of political accountability. To understand the predominant applications of accountability, we emphasise the politicisation of accountability.     

当前我国医疗腐败的表现形式、成因及其治理

我国的医疗腐败问题已引起了社会的高度关注.当前我国医疗腐败的主要表现形式是回扣,医疗腐败是由多种因素交汇促生的.治理医疗腐败需要多管齐下,综合治理,包括改革医疗体制、理顺医药销售流通体系、健全法规和加强惩处、加强监督和增加透明度等.     

公租房的宪法保障

关于住房权在宪法层次的保障,有观点倾向于将其作为宪法基本权利,赋予其主观请求权特性,本文认为此种路径并不可行。住房权的宪法保障应立足我国宪法之实际,借鉴西方国家成功经验,以宪法委托理论对我国宪法相关条款进行解释,构建起我国社会保障制度,在此路径下实现对于住房权的宪法保障。     

Pares Inter Pares? The Bargaining Success of the Commission,the Council,and the Parliament in European Union Legislative Negotiations

This research note tries to determine how politically successful the Council, the Commission, and the European Parliament are in the area of EU legislative decision‐making. After reviewing the literature, a research design is presented which incorporates information on the policy preferences of the different institutional actors for 70 recent EU legislative decisions that were negotiated under the consultation and the codecision procedure. We use correlation and OLS regression to analyze the distances between what the EU institutional actors want and what they eventually get out of the process. The findings of the analysis are that (1) the preference profiles of the three actors are rather dissimilar, and that (2) the success rates of the Council are higher than the rates of the Commission and Parliament.     

证券商"全权委托"制度探讨

我国修订前后的《证券法》都严格禁止证券商接受客户的全权委托.这一规定固然有其法理依据,但从意思自治原则出发、参照国外的证券交易立法并结合我国国情来看,应予解禁.在加强规制的前提下,开放全权委托业务,利大于弊.     

论个案监督应当妥善处理的几个关系

在个案监督的过程中,地方各级人大既应自觉接受党的领导,又要注意处理好地方各级人大与各级党委的关系,正确认识、处理个案监督与司法独立的关系,妥善处理监督与支持的关系,使人大个案监督与其他监督形式的关系协调起来,形成监督网络,加强监督的合力,确保个案监督良性、有序运作。