增免散对鸡脾T淋巴细胞CD4+和CD8+亚群的影响

将300只1日龄雏鸡随机分为中药增免散组、环磷酰胺组、环磷酰胺 左旋咪唑组、环磷酰胺 增免散组和正常对照组,6日龄时用鸡新城疫LaSota疫苗点眼滴鼻免疫,14、21、28、35日龄时测定鸡血液NDV抗体效价,脾器官指数,脾组织中CD4 、CD8 T淋巴细胞浓度和脾细胞凋亡率,观察脾的组织结构变化。结果显示,14、21日龄增免散组抗体水平高于其他各组(P<0.01);14、21、28日龄增免散组脾指数高于其他各组,增免散组脾CD4 细胞浓度、CD4 /CD8 比例高于其他各组,差异极显著(P<0.01);14、21、28日龄增免散组脾细胞凋亡率低于其他各组,差异极显著(P<0.01);14、21日龄时,增免散组脾白髓和红髓内网状细胞和中淋巴细胞较多,脾小体比对照组略有增加。表明,中药增免散不仅能促进鸡脾的发育,增高脾组织中CD4 /CD8 比例,而且对环磷酰胺的免疫抑制有一定拮抗作用。     

Temperature‐Dependent Postmortem Changes in Human Cardiac Troponin‐T (cTnT): An Approach in Estimation of Time Since Death

Estimation of time of death is an indispensible requirement of every medico‐legal autopsy, but unfortunately, there is not a single method by which it could be determined accurately. This study focused on the temperature‐dependent postmortem degradation of cardiac troponin‐T and its association with postmortem interval (PMI) in human. The analysis involved extraction of the protein, separation by denaturing gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), and visualization by Western blot using cTnT‐specific monoclonal antibodies. The area of the bands within a lane was quantified by scanning and digitizing the image using Gel Doc (Universal Hood). The results indicate a characteristic banding pattern among human cadavers (n = 6) and a pseudo‐linear relationship between percentage of cTnT degradation and the log of the time since death (r > 0.95), which can be used to estimate the postmortem interval. The data presented demonstrate that this technique can provide an extended time range during which PMI can be more accurately estimated.     

寻找迷失的自我——存在主义视野下《追忆克里斯塔·T》的主人公的心路历程

从存在主义视角分析德国女作家克里斯塔·沃尔夫的中篇小说《追忆克里斯塔·T》主人公克里斯塔·T终其一生追求自我的心路历程,可以看出其自我迷失的存在主义肇因,从而揭示出“自在”的不合理社会现实是“存在”走向“本质”的自我创作、自我选择、努力改变命运的人性之路不能实现的悲剧性根源。     

Unschuldige Opfer staatlichen Handelns

Die Ereignisse rund um 9/11 haben den Rechtsstaat mit neuen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Die Antwort auf die Frage, wie der Gefahr terroristischer Aktivitäten begegnet werden kann, ist letztlich von grundrechtlichen Problemstellungen bestimmt. Der vorliegende Beitrag setzt sich vor diesem Hintergrund mit einem Szenario auseinander, das noch in der aktuellen politischen Diskussion in hohem Maß präsent ist: Wie hat der Staat zu reagieren, wenn – gleich den Ereignissen in New York – eine gekaperte Passagiermaschine auf ein Hochhaus oder ein vollbesetztes Stadion zurast? Untersagt die Pflicht zum Schutz des Lebens der entführten Passagiere eine Einwirkung auf die Maschine oder darf der Staat auch unschuldige Opfer in Kauf nehmen, wenn dies zum Schutz anderer unbedingt erforderlich ist?     

以BOT投资方式促进西部基础设施建设

作为一种特殊的直接投资方式 ,BOT对我国西部地区引进外资并加快当地的基础设施建设具有重要意义 ,为在西部地区充分利用BOT方式 ,有必要克服观念、体制及法律方面的不利因素。     

Reviews

Books reviewed:
Foster, The Ethics of Medical Research on Humans
Vidmar, World Jury Systems
Simpson, Human Rights and the End of Empire. Britain and the Genesis of the European Convention
Carty, An Analysis of the Economic Torts
Wright, Tort Law & Human Rights     

关于哈尔滨旅游产业发展的对策思考

哈尔滨市旅游产业的发展既有优势，又有劣势，存在难得的发展机遇，又面临严峻的挑战。总的来说，优势大于劣势，机会大于威胁，困难与希望同在。应扬长避短，把优势化为胜势，将哈尔滨建设成为旅游强市。     

Between competition and centralization: the new infrastructures of European finance

Ongoing European financial market integration relies on the creation of harmonized and centralized market infrastructures: the little-known institutions and systems that settle financial transactions across borders. Since the constitutional conception of market integration within the EU entails creating ‘a level playing field’ for competition, a fundamental problem emerges of how to provide that centralization and harmonization without violating the core principles of an open market economy either through private monopolization or public privatization. The paper presents a socio-technological study of a recent major infrastructure initiative by the European Central Bank, called Target2 Securities (T2S). Embedding the analysis of the struggles and debates around the birth and development of T2S in an analysis of the structural problem of competition and centralization in European financial market integration, the paper suggests an alternative perspective to that of performativity currently dominating the research field.     

A large-scale study of the relationship between blood and breath alcohol concentrations in New Zealand drinking drivers

Blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) and corresponding breath alcohol concentrations (BrAC) were determined for 21,582 drivers apprehended by New Zealand police. BAC was measured using headspace gas chromatography, and BrAC was determined with Intoxilyzer 5000 or Seres Ethylometre infrared analysers. The delay (DEL) between breath testing and blood sampling ranged from 0.03 to 5.4 h. BAC/BrAC ratios were calculated before and after BAC values were corrected for DEL using 19 mg/dL/h as an estimate of the blood alcohol clearance rate. Calculations were performed for single and duplicate breath samples obtained using the Intoxilyzer (groups I-1 and I-2) and Seres devices (groups S-1 and S-2). Before correction for DEL, BAC/BrAC ratios for groups I-1, I-2, S-1, and S-2 were (mean+/-SD) 2320+/-260, 2180+/-242, 2330+/-276, and 2250+/-259, respectively. After BAC values were adjusted for DEL, BAC/BrAC ratios for these groups were (mean+/-SD) 2510+/-256, 2370+/-240, 2520+/-280, and 2440+/-260, respectively. Our results indicate that in New Zealand the mean BAC/BrAC ratio is 19-26% higher than the ratio of the respective legal limits (2000).     

实践“三个代表”与加速科技进步

在今天这样的新形势下,实践“三个代表”,需要不断地加速科技进步。而加速科技进步的关键是加强科技发展能力的建设。