人参皂苷Rg1抑制小鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎的作用及免疫机制

目的观察人参皂苷Rg1对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,EAE)的抑制作用及其对脾淋巴细胞T细胞亚群和外周血细胞因子水平的影响。方法采用C57BL/6小鼠皮下多点注射MOG35-55、百日咳毒素的方法复制EAE模型。将EAE小鼠随机分为模型组,人参皂苷Rg1低、中、高剂量组,同时设置正常对照组,每组6只。首次免疫后第10天予以不同剂量Rg1腹腔注射,连续给药14 d。第35天处死小鼠后取脊髓,观察各组小鼠脊髓炎症细胞浸润和脱髓鞘等病理变化,采用流式细胞仪检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞Th1、Th17、Treg细胞亚群,采用ELISA法检测外周血白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-17A、干扰素γ(interferon gamma,IFN-γ)、IL-6、IL-10水平。结果与模型组比较,人参皂苷Rg1低、中、高剂量组小鼠神经症状评分显著下降(P<0.05),脊髓炎症细胞浸润评分和脱髓鞘评分显著降低(P<0.05),脾淋巴细胞CD4+、CD8+、Th1、Th17 T细胞亚群比例显著降低(P<0.05),Treg(CD4+CD25+FoxP3+)比例显著升高(P<0.05),外周血IFN-γ、IL-17A、IL-16水平显著降低(P<0.05),IL-10水平显著升高(P<0.05),人参皂苷Rg1的作用呈现明显的剂量依赖性。结论人参皂苷Rg1可显著改善EAE小鼠的临床症状,减轻中枢神经系统脱髓鞘和炎症细胞浸润,其作用可能与调控Th17、Th1、Treg细胞亚群失衡,抑制炎症细胞因子表达相关。     

科技创新对科技人才聚集的影响及其空间溢出效应——基于空间面板Durbin模型的实证研究

基于2000-2017年省际面板数据和空间面板Durbin模型，研究了地区科技创新能力对科技人才聚集的影响及其空间溢出效应。结果表明：地区科技创新能力提升不仅有助于本地区科技人才的聚集，也有利于通过溢出效应促进邻近地区的科技人才聚集；科技创新能力提升对科技人才聚集的影响具有显著的地区差异；科技创新与科技人才聚集均具有空间相关性。因此，应强化科技创新与科技人才聚集的结合，在完善多方联动机制的基础上共建跨区科技人才流动平台，科学构建科技人才自由流动机制，并引导科技人才向科技创新优势和创新特色地区聚集。     

Measuring Technological Change in Greece

This paper uses the Growth Accounting methodology to estimate technological change, as well as labor and capital productivity in the various sectors of the Greek economy over the period 1988–1998. The results show that the technological level, as measured through annual growth in Total Factor Productivity, has remained practically unchanged. Meanwhile, technological change accounts for about 40% of economic growth, which is slightly lower compared with the relative performance of other O.E.C.D. countries. Finally, our main findings are, in general terms, consistent with estimates by other researchers.      

鸡T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞分离纯化方法的建立

将鸡胸腺和腔上囊淋巴组织剪碎后与PBS磷酸盐缓冲液混合,通过密度梯度离心和尼龙棉柱过滤对T、B淋巴细胞进行了分离纯化。纯化的T、B淋巴细胞以FITC标记的鼠抗鸡CD4单抗,RPE标记的鼠抗鸡CD8单抗,FITC标记的鼠抗鸡Bu-1单抗染色,用流式细胞仪分类检测其纯度,用台盼蓝排斥试验检测T、B淋巴细胞的活力。结果表明,以本研究建立的方法分离到的T、B淋巴细胞纯度较高(均达90%以上),细胞活力强,与流式细胞仪分选的效果相当,且经济简便。     

猪瘟病毒T细胞表位与猪细小病毒VP2融合基因在重组杆状病毒中的表达

将猪细小病毒分离株LJL12 VP2基因和猪瘟病毒多肽基因E290克隆至真核表达载体pMel Ba-cA,将该重组质粒与Bac-N-Blue DNA共转染昆虫细胞,并对表达产物进行分析,构建了表达猪瘟病毒T细胞表位和猪细小病毒VP2融合蛋白的重组杆状病毒。结果显示,获得了含VP2基因和E290基因的重组质粒pM-VP2-E290,昆虫细胞sf9的表达产物经SDS-PAGE、Western-blot检测后确定所表达的蛋白质分子质量大小约为67 ku,且具有天然蛋白的抗原特性。免疫电镜观察可见表达产物形成的病毒样颗粒。证实,成功构建了同时含有PPV VP2基因和CSFV特异性T细胞表位基因的重组杆状病毒,并在昆虫细胞中得到了高效表达。     

Dogmatic Liberalism? T.R.S. Allan and the Common Law Constitution

Book reviewed in this article:
T.R.S. Allan, Constitutional Justice: A Liberal Theory of the Rule of Law     

The Limits of Political Citizenship

Policy makers tend to focus on the extension of citizenship as the primary means by which new populations become incorporated into a society. Although acquiring formal citizenship is necessary in order to participate in many aspects of a state's civic, social, and political life, the extension of legal citizenship is far from a guarantee for full membership. Instead of focusing exclusively on naturalizing immigrants, we need to consider T.H. Marshall's three spheres of citizenship—the civil, political, and social. By extending social elements of citizenship prior to or at the same time as we extend other benefits, we will move towards more complete citizenship for and greater civil and political engagement among all residents in our society—non-citizens, naturalized, and native-born, alike.

《云南省公安民警预防HIV／AIDS教育及对高危人群管理的能力建设》项目预调查报告

针对目前公安民警普遍缺乏艾滋病防范知识的情况 ,为适应公安工作的实际需要 ,减少艾滋病的发展蔓延及加强对高危人群流动的管理工作 ,有必要对公安民警加强HIV/AIDS预防教育 ,以提高民警的自我保护能力及对高危人群的管理水平 ,我校与省公安厅、省教育厅、省卫生医疗机构合作 ,向国家项目办联合申报了《云南省公安民警预防HIV/AIDS教育及对高危人群管理的能力建设》科研项目 ,并获批准。依据来自本预调查报告。     

桦褐孔菌多糖对感染弓形虫小鼠CD4~+和CD8~+ T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

将40只昆明种小鼠随机分成4组:空白对照组、阴性对照组、蒿甲醚组和桦褐孔菌多糖组,每组10只.每组小白鼠腹腔接种弓形虫RH株速殖子1 × 102个,建立小鼠急性弓形虫感染模型.采用流式细胞仪检测脾中CD4+、CD8+T细胞百分数及CD4+/CD8+T细胞比例,探讨了桦褐孔菌多糖对感染弓形虫小鼠CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群的影响.结果显示,桦褐孔菌多糖组中CD4+T细胞百分数及CD4+/CD8+T细胞比例与其他3组比较差异极显著(P<0.01);阴性对照组CD8+T细胞百分数显著高于桦褐孔菌多糖组(P<0.05),与其他2组比较差异极显著(P<0.01).结果表明,桦褐孔菌多糖可有效调节感染弓形虫小白鼠的CD4+T细胞百分数及CD4+/CD8+比例,达到抗弓形虫目的.     

Law Like Poetry – Burnt Norton

Poetry and law are usually cast in opposition but there is a little regarded dimension of responsiveness in law which would incline them towards similarity. The opposition and the similarity are amplified in various instances. Then similarity is affirmed in an involvement in the first of T.S. Eliot'sFour Quartets, ``Burnt Norton'. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.