提高财政学课程教学质量的几点思考

财政学课程的教学质量受教材编写质量、教学内容及教学方法三大因素的影响。当前，财政学课程在教材编写、教学内容及教学方法方面存在的问题制约着财政学教学质量的提高，因此，要提高财政学课程的教学质量需要从这三个方面入手采取相应对策。     

Methodological debate in poverty studies: towards ‘participatory qual–quant’?

Compared with the divisive views of the past, integrative thinking has recently come to characterise the methodological debate on poverty. ‘Qualitative vs quantitative’ has given way to ‘qual–quant’; ‘cross-disciplinarity’ has replaced ‘economics vs anthropology’. This article attempts to review this change. It begins with a historical overview of the pure economic approach to poverty and its critique. The critique, both from within economics and from the participatory and anthropological disciplines, is examined, and recent trends are considered. The current ‘qual–quant’ approach is illustrated with examples, and the author concludes that the future may well see the emergence of a ‘participatory qual–quant’ approach.     

The lost 1990s? Personal reflections on a history of participatory technology development

This article traces a history of agricultural participatory research, largely from the author's personal experience. Participatory research in the 1970s was mostly led by disciplinary scientists, and characterised by innovative activities and open academic debate, with some recognition that policy and development practice was a political process. The 1980s saw a shift to learning from past experience, and a participatory mainstream developed, seeking methods for scaling up. Meanwhile, others sought to understand and influence policy and institutional change in their political and cultural contexts, and to keep open the academic debates. The author considers the 1990s as ‘lost years’, during which mainstream participatory practitioners became inward-looking development generalists, not so interested in learning from others outside their paradigm. The late 2000s provide a chance to re-recognise the political and cultural embeddedness of science and technology; re-introduce strong, widely based disciplines; and learn from past activities that resulted in positive development outcomes (planned or unplanned).     

思想道德教学新方法初探

改革开放以来社会发生的重大变化,强有力地冲击着当代大学生传统的思想道德观念,影响其行为选择。作为整个思想道德教育体系的核心和主干的高校“两课”教师,必须研究这些新变化,探讨教学新方法。     

全面提升教学水平,创建合格本科学院

近几年,我国由专科院校升为本科院校的学校越来越多,本科教育和专科教育不论是教育层次还是教育目标都有所不同。要想使刚升为本科的院校健康持续快速发展,提高教学水平应是其中心环节。     

Operationalising participatory research and farmer-to-farmer extension: the Kamayoq in Peru

While rural poverty is endemic in the Andean region, structural adjustment programmes have led to a dismemberment of agricultural research and extension services so that they are unable to serve the needs of smallholder farmers. The NGO Practical Action has been working in the Andes to address farmers' veterinary and agriculture needs. The work has included the training of farmer-to-farmer extension agents, known locally as Kamayoq. The Kamayoq have encouraged farmer participatory research, and local farmers pay them for their veterinary and crop advisory services in cash or in kind. The Kamayoq model is largely an unsubsidised approach to the provision of appropriate technical services and encouragement of farmer participation. The model also illustrates that, in the context of encouraging farmer participation and innovation, NGOs have advantages over research organisations because of their long-term presence, ability to establish trust with local farmers, and their emphasis on social and community processes.     

Operationalising participatory research and gender analysis: new research and assessment approaches

Participatory research approaches are increasingly popular with scientists working for poverty alleviation, sustainable rural development, and social change. This introduction offers an overview of the special issue of Development in Practice on the theme of ‘operationalising participatory research and gender analysis’. The purpose of this special issue is to add value to the discussion of methodological, practical, philosophical, political, and institutional issues involved in using gender-sensitive participatory methods. Drawing on 16 articles, we place some of the main issues, empirical experiences, and debates in participatory research and participatory technology development in the context of implementation, evaluation, and institutionalisation of participatory research and evaluation approaches.     

电子商务教学中存在的问题及对策

电子商务是一场革命,其浪潮正越来越深刻地影响着社会经济发展的进程,并且从根本上改变着商务模式和生活方式。电子商务人才的短缺已经成为制约我国电子商务发展的一个"瓶颈"。我国高校电子商务专业的教学方法和模式存在很多不足之处,造成电子商务人才培养与用人单位的需求之间脱节。电子商务人才培养问题已成为电子商务教育所要考虑的头等大事。     

在世博安保工作中深化“问计于民、求策于民”将惠民思想贯穿于公安工作始终

在社会治安压力增大、社会矛盾凸显、社会维稳形势错综复杂、公安工作任务艰巨繁重的形势下,基层公安机关必须迅速转变工作理念和方法,学会"有困难找群众",学会"问计于民、求策于民"。面对当前存在的"群众难发动"、"时间难保证"、"合作难开展"的"三难"现象,要对"问计于民、求策于民"的渠道和方法加强调研,采取在宣传发动群众上走"专业化"之路、在落实具体工作上走"专项化"之路、在寻求社会合作上走"机制化"之路的警民合作方法,有力推动警民沟通,加强警社合作,大力夯实公安基层基础工作,促进公安工作的长远可持续发展。     

What could Development Studies be?

Over the past 10–15 years there has been an expansion of interest in the subject of Development Studies (DS). There are now significantly more taught courses focused on DS, and research funds are booming. However, over the same period, DS has faced sustained critiques about its essential nature. This has led us to ask: what is Development Studies? And what could or should it be?